基于CFD的某SUV空调吹脚风道优化研究

某SUV在设计开发阶段,通过仿真发现空调前排吹脚风道风速分布不均匀,主要表现为局部区域风速较高,而局部区域又吹不到风。后排吹脚风道出风口主要表现为,局部区域不出风。文章通过优化风道截面形状,然后基于CFD仿真,结果表明优化方案能有效解决风速分布不均,出风口不出风的现象。     

汽车除霜、暖风风道设计

本文通过对某除霜、暖风风道优化设计,概述了风道从布置校核、详细结构设计到CFD流场分析、环境模拟试验校核等设计、试验验证流程。     

基于现生产仪表板的空调风道整合设计

本文讨论了某现有车型风道整合设计方案,并借助计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)方法对除霜风道及吹面风道的出风效果进行分析,得出了各风口的风量分配结果。根据CFD分析结果,对风道数据进行了改进。新的风道系统安装方便,并且出风和除霜性能优于原风道。     

卡车驾驶室除霜风道CFD分析及结构优化

利用CFD方法对某款卡车除霜风道的内部流场进行详细的分析。研究显示,该风道内部流场中存在较多的大尺度和小尺度的涡流,而且每个出口的流量分配比例没能满足设计要求。这些涡流主要是由于风道内部的凸起结构和不连续结构造成的。为消除涡流,对该风道的内部结构进行了优化设计,消除明显的涡流,并使其各出口的流量分配比例满足设计要求。     

汽车空调风道气动噪声仿真方法研究EI北大核心CSCD

为寻求汽车空调风道气动噪声一种高效高精度的仿真方法,基于德国整车企业联合发布的标准风道模型,对比研究了声类比法、直接模拟法和联合仿真分析法的优劣,并重点分析了声源面对声类比法精度的影响。首先,采用RNG湍流模型与SST k-ωDES模型分别对其稳态流场与瞬态流场进行求解,然后采用声类比法、直接模拟法和联合仿真法分别求解远场辐射噪声问题,仿真与试验结果表明:RNG湍流模型捕捉的风道内时均流场特征与PIV测量结果基本吻合; SST k-ωDES模型求解的风道内壁面脉动压力频谱仿真值与试验值基本一致;而在常用的几种仿真方法中,以出风口处环绕射流的可穿透面为声源面的声类比法求解精度最优。     

汽车空调吹脚风道结构改进及对驾驶员舒适度影响分析

文章利用CFD软件和假人模型,对驾驶员脚部感知的风速压力和气流流线分布进行分析,指出原设计的不合理处,并对其结构设计提出改进。通过结果对比,改进后驾驶员左右脚部风速明显提高,气流走向更合理,提高了驾驶舒适度,为汽车空调吹脚风道的结构设计提供参考。     

汽车空调风道气动噪声仿真方法研究

为寻求汽车空调风道气动噪声一种高效高精度的仿真方法,基于德国整车企业联合发布的标准风道模型,对比研究了声类比法、直接模拟法和联合仿真分析法的优劣,并重点分析了声源面对声类比法精度的影响。首先,采用RNG湍流模型与SST k-ωDES模型分别对其稳态流场与瞬态流场进行求解,然后采用声类比法、直接模拟法和联合仿真法分别求解远场辐射噪声问题,仿真与试验结果表明:RNG湍流模型捕捉的风道内时均流场特征与PIV测量结果基本吻合; SST k-ωDES模型求解的风道内壁面脉动压力频谱仿真值与试验值基本一致;而在常用的几种仿真方法中,以出风口处环绕射流的可穿透面为声源面的声类比法求解精度最优。     

汽车空调风道的优化设计

汽车空调风道送风性能的好坏直接影响乘坐舒适性,因此为了提高风道送风性能,文章从影响风道系统的设计因素和风道中压力损失两方面分析空调风道设计的具体要求和方法,并基于某空调出风口风道结构优化前后的流场特性进行CFD仿真分析对比,结果表明应尽量减少风道中的压力损失以及风道转弯,降低空调风道空气阻力,提高风道送风性能,该方法对今后汽车空调风道系统设计具有参考价值。     

汽车空调风道的优化设计

汽车空调风道送风性能的好坏直接影响乘坐舒适性,因此为了提高风道送风性能,文章从影响风道系统的设计因素和风道中压力损失两方面分析空调风道设计的具体要求和方法,并基于某空调出风口风道结构优化前后的流场特性进行CFD仿真分析对比,结果表明应尽量减少风道中的压力损失以及风道转弯,降低空调风道空气阻力,提高风道送风性能,该方法对今后汽车空调风道系统设计具有参考价值。     

CFD在轿车空调风道优化设计中的应用

利用三维不可压缩流体的k—着湍流模型,借助计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,建立了结构复杂的某典型轿车风道模型。以该轿车空调系统冷风吹面风道为例,利用FLUENT软件,对该风道的主体部分内气流流动进行了模拟与分析,并提出了改进方向。     

Aerodynamic coastdown analysis of a passenger car for various configurations

Experimental coastdown analysis were performed on a full scale passenger car model FIAT Linea to obtain the drag coefficients for three different test configurations as engine-cooling airflow closed with smooth underbody, enginecooling airflow closed with detailed underbody, and engine-cooling airflow open with detailed underbody. The comparison of the drag coefficients for all three coastdown configurations were in good agreement with the CFD results and FIAT wind tunnel results. The coastdown tests predicted the model drag coefficients 5.3 % to 7.8 % less than FIAT wind tunnel drag coefficients for three test configurations. The contribution of the engine-cooling airflow and the detailed underbody configuration on the total drag coefficient were measured as 9.6 % ~ 10.4 % and 14.6 % ~ 16.7 %, respectively in the coastdown, FIAT wind tunnel tests and CFD analysis. In the CFD analysis,steady RANS equations were solved by STAR-CCM+ code. The turbulence model was selected as realizable k-ε two layer model. Model surface pressure contours were compared for all three test.     

In-cylinder airflow of automotive engine by quasi-direct numerical simulation

A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) program for in-cylinder airflow analysis has been developed by the authors. The feature of the developed program is that it treats turbulence flow with the quasi-direct numerical simulation (Quasi-DNS). So it is possible to present transient turbulence eddy motions in detail. For fast and high quality mesh generation, the Voxel method was employed. The computational domain is discretized by uniform cubic cells in this method. The simulation results were verified by two benchmark tests. One of them in common use is a backward step flow test, the other is an in-cylinder flow test that supposed the engine induction stroke. Good agreement was obtained between the simulation and the experimental results of these benchmark tests.     

乘用车暖通空调风道气动噪声模拟研究

采用大涡模拟模型(LES)计算了某汽车暖通空调风道的瞬态流场,然后应用L ighth ill-Curle声学理论,采用FW-H声学模型,预测了其噪声特性。与试验结果对比表明,用CFD方法预测暖通空调系统管道气动噪声有一定精度,分析结果可用于改进空调系统的气动噪声性能。     

高速公路收费站区空气污染特征分析与数值模拟

根据高速公路收费站区实际环境,考察来流风向与风速、车流量、建筑物等因素时机动车排放污染物扩散的影响,建立高速公路收费站区污染物扩散的CFD仿真模型,进行三维流场的数值模拟,运用风向频率加权模型,比较模拟结果与实地采样分析数据,预测探讨高速公路收费站区空气流场和污染物迁移扩散特征.结果表明,数值模拟结果和实测数据符合较好,显示两者具有良好相关性;受收费站布局和大气边界层的影响,在建筑物背风面形成气流漩涡,污染物难以扩散形成局部高浓度污染,在环境温度25℃,风速1.9 m·s-1,小时车流量为465 veh.h-1,NOx的浓度达到0.232 mg·m-3;污染物扩散特征主要受环境建筑、气象条件及车流量的影响,在1.5～2 m高度范围污染物呈现较高的浓度.     

比亚迪汉空气动力学开发

汉是比亚迪基于全新纯电动车平台开发的一款车型，为增加续驶里程对整车的风阻系数提出了极高的要求。全新的造型设计风格对风阻开发带来很大挑战，为实现风阻目标搭建了一套适用的空气动力学开发流程，并以 CFD仿真为主要开发工具，分别完成外造型、前舱、车底部、主动进气格栅和低风阻轮辋等附件的空气动力学开发，最后通过实车风洞试验进行验收。对该车型的风洞试验仿真对标发现，采用分离涡模拟（Detached Eddy Simulation，DES）湍流模型可以获得较高的风阻仿真精度。     

Automobile defrosting system analysis through a full-scale model

Adequate visibility through the automobile windshield is of paramount practical significance, most often at very low temperatures when ice tends to form on the windshield screen. But the numerical simulation of the defrost process is a challenging task because phase change is involved. In this study numerical solution was computed by a finite volume computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program and experimental investigations were performed to validate the numerical results. It was found that the airflow produced by the defrost nozzle is highly nonuniform in nature and does not cover the whole windshield area. The nonuniformity also severely affected the heating temperature pattern on the windshield. The windshield temperature reached a maximum in the vicinity of the defroster nozzle in the lower part of the windshield and ranged from 9∼31°C over a period of 30 min, which caused the frost to melt on the windshield. The melting time was under 10 minutes, which satisfied the NHTSA standard. The numerical predictions were in close agreement with the experimental results. Thus, CFD can be a very useful design tool for an automobile HVAC system.     

Cycle-simulation turbulence modelling of IC engines

Numerical simulations of IC engines are of high interest for automotive engineers worldwide. The simulation models should be as fast as possible, low-computational effort and predictive tool. The correct prediction of turbulence level inside the combustion chamber of spark ignition engines is the most important factor influencing to the engine working cycle. This paper presents a development of the k-ε turbulence model applied to the commercial cycle-simulation software with the high emphasis on the intake part. The validation was performed on two engine geometries with the variation of engine speed and load comparing the cycle-simulation results of the turbulent kinetic energy and in-cylinder temperature with 3-D CFD results. In order to apply the cycle-simulation turbulence model for the simulation of entire engine map, the parameterization model of turbulence constants was proposed. The parameterized turbulence model was optimized using NLPQL optimization algorithm where the single set of turbulence model parameters for each engine was found. A good agreement of the turbulent kinetic energy during the expansion was achieved when the turbulence affects the flame front propagation and combustion rate as well.     

桥梁闭口箱梁三分力数值识别中的湍流模型比选

对以苏通桥断面为例的桥梁闭口箱梁模型进行了三分力系数CFD数值识别。分别采用不同湍流模型及近壁条件进行数值模拟,并将数值模拟结果与风洞试验值进行比较。同时使用层流模型采用加密网格进行数值模拟,对不同湍流模型模拟结果进行压力等值线的比较,通过识别得到的三分力系数和压力等值线,确定出闭口箱梁绕流数值计算最合理的湍流模型。     

平板断面风致振动的流场驱动机理分析

应用粒子图像测速技术分析了平板断面颤振过程中尾部旋涡变化过程,采用相位平均的方法研究模型周期性振动与旋涡规律性演化之间的关系。当风速低于颤振临界风速时模型尾部旋涡尺度较小,结构振动幅度较小,当风速接近颤振临界风速时尾部旋涡经历了能量从小涡向大涡的传递过程后由能量较大的旋涡控制结构振动,结构振幅明显增加,直到模型振动发散。结合计算流体动力学的数值模拟方法获得颤振时刻模型表面的压力场,采用本征正交分解技术分析模型表面压力的模态特征函数,并根据分析结果对模型表面进行合理分区,利用分块分析的思想研究颤振过程中气流能量输入特点。结果表明：在颤振过程中模型表面波动压力的主控成分向迎风端风嘴漂移;主控波动压力的漂移造成模型通过迎风端风嘴从气流中吸收大量的能量,在一个完整振动周期内,气流输入到振动系统的能量不断增加,而造成结构稳定性的丧失。