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该文主要用浙江省海塘技术规定中的方法计算了断面复杂的混合式海堤的波浪爬高以及越浪量,并通过计算波浪爬高和越浪量来确定海堤的堤顶高程;结合实际工程中遇到的断面比较复杂的海堤,用不同方法进行计算,并对得出的结果进行分析比较;最后通过模型试验进行验证。结果表明,对于复杂的混合式断面,现行规范规定的波浪爬高的计算方法不够完善,计算得到的结果往往偏大,而对越浪量的计算也有很大的局限性,最好通过断面波浪模型试验来分析验证。 相似文献
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2006年初,国内的自主品牌纷纷跃身起跳:向1.6升甚至更大排量的车型迈进。但经过半年左右时间折腾后,爬高行动宣告失败,尔后不约而同推出比1.6升排量更小的车型,比如1.3升。经过这样一折 相似文献
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文章综述了汽车用金属材料化学成分的各种分析方法,包括火花源放电原子发射光谱、波长色散X射线荧光光谱、原子吸收光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、电感耦合等离子体发射质谱、红外吸收法和热导检测仪等的研究进展,探讨了各类方法的优缺点。 相似文献
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用岛津UV—240型、260型和T—1901紫外可见分光光度计进行实验,确定邻苯三酚自氧化法测定SOD活性的最适波长非献使用的420nm和325nm,而应为320nm。 相似文献
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在采用双色法测量柴油机燃烧温度的研究中?发现测试结果因测试波长而异。本文首次详细分析了波长对温度测试精度和测试范围的影响,解释了测试在波长而异原因,并提出验证了图象双色法测试波长选择准则。 相似文献
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1/4波长管是进气系统中的主要消音元件,在汽车NVH设计中得到广泛应用。在某车型开发过程中,发现在某频率下进气噪声较大。通过对整车的进气噪声测试,发现噪声主要是由于波长管参数不匹配引起。本文基于管道声学建立了波长管的数学模型,推导了传递损失函数,并采用MATLAB软件计算了不同参数下波长管的传递损失,确定了1/4波长管的结构参数。根据计算结果制作波长管并应用于某车型,利用Lms.Test.1ab软件测试了发动机的进气噪声,实验测试结果显示,安装新波长管后,汽车振动噪声有了显著改善,整车的NVH特性得到提高。 相似文献
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为了更有针对性地控制高速铁路轨道不平顺,保证某型高速动车组在线路上安全、平稳运行,通过动力学仿真,分析轨道不平顺波长和幅值对车辆动力学性能的影响规律,确定轨道养护维修时需重点关注的不平顺波长范围.针对某型高速动车组,将轨道不平顺简化为不同波长、不同幅值的谐波型高低、轨向、水平和扭曲不平顺,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型对不平顺激扰下的车辆动力学性能进行仿真分析.分析表明,中、短波长的不平顺对轮轨动力相互作用和行车安全性有显著影响,对运行平稳性也有一定影响;中、长波长的不平顺主要影响运行平稳性.不平顺幅值对车辆动力学性能指标的影响规律基本呈线性变化,敏感波长条件下的不平顺幅值变化对系统动力响应的影响尤为显著.分析结果确定了某型高速动车组的敏感波长范围及其幅值影响规律,明确了养护维修重点,将有助于提高养护维修效率,提升高速动车组运行品质. 相似文献
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G. Xie S. D. Iwnicki 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2008,46(1):117-128
A new model for simulating rail roughness growth on tangent track is presented in this paper. The model consists of three relatively independent components: (1) a time-domain vehicle/track interaction model; (2) a 2D non-Hertzian and non-steady wheel/rail contact model; and (3) a wear model. Wheel/rail contact forces for a given initial roughness obtained from the vehicle/track interaction model are used by the contact model to calculate the contact patch size, normal pressure and tangential stresses with material removal assumed to be linearly proportional to the friction work in the contact patch. The roughness profile is updated and fed back into vehicle/track interaction model. The 2D contact model is initially compared with a 3D model for various wavelength of initial sinusoidal roughness. Long term roughness growth is then simulated with the 2D contact model. Simulation shows that all initial sinusoidal roughness of wavelengths between 20-100 mm are levelled out. The wavelength-fixing mechanism, that has previously been used to explain the cause of corrugation, is not found in the present investigations. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(12):1918-1937
The squat, a kind of rolling contact fatigue occurring on the rail top, can excite the high-frequency vehicle–track interaction effectively due to its geometric deviations with a typical wavelength of 20–40 mm, leading to the accelerated deterioration of a track. In this work, a validated 3D transient finite element model is employed to calculate in the time domain the vertical and the longitudinal dynamic contact forces between the wheel and the rail caused by squats. The vehicle–track structure and the wheel–rail continua are both considered in order to include all the important eigencharacteristics of the system related to squats. By introducing the rotational and translational movements of the wheel, the transient wheel–rail rolling contact is solved in detail by a 3D frictional contact model integrated. The contact filter effect is considered automatically in the simulations by the finite size of the contact patch. The present work focuses on the influences of the length, width and depth of a light squat on the resulted dynamic contact forces, for which idealised defect models are used. The growth of a squat is also modelled to a certain extent by a series of defects with different dimensions. The results show that the system is mainly excited at two frequencies separately in the vertical and the longitudinal dynamics. Their superposition explains the typical appearance of mature squats. As a squat grows up, the magnitude of the excited vibration at the lower frequency increases faster than the one at the higher frequency. 相似文献
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为了多尺度表征沥青路表纹理磨光行为,揭示其表面纹理磨光演化机理,首先基于沥青表面纹理的自仿相似特性,引入高差自相关函数,将常维分形扩展至分段变维分形,建立了表面纹理分段变维评价模型。其次,分别选取高磨光值的玄武岩和低磨光值的石灰岩成型沥青混合料试件,对其进行岩相鉴定,借助平板磨光机进行室内加速磨光试验,测量了不同磨光状态下的动摩擦因数,同时采用三维激光扫描仪获取了表面纹理信息。最后分析了断面轮廓分段变维高差自相关特性,并与摩擦因数进行了对比分析。结果表明:路面在大尺度范围内有明显的分段变维特征,高差自相关函数可以多尺度量化沥青混合料表面微观至宏观纹理特征,2种路表宏微观纹理界限波长为0.4 mm左右;截止波长可以作为评价普通磨光和差异磨光的指标,其中水平截止波长表示路面平均微凸体尺寸,垂直截止波长表示骨料平均高度;随着磨光转数的增加,受2种磨光机制影响的试件(玄武岩)表面纹理的水平截止波长变化甚微,而受普通磨光机制作用的试件(石灰岩)表面纹理的水平与垂直截止波长均下降明显;在道路设计和施工过程中,选取矿物组成成分更多、粒径分布更广、矿物质间硬度相差较大的集料,更容易受到2种磨光机制的影响,从而有助于沥青路表保持足够的表面纹理水平,延缓路面抗滑性能衰减速率。 相似文献
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为弥补沥青混合料配合比设计过程中级配离析评价方法方面的不足,选取SMA-13沥青混合料进行基准配合比以及离析配合比设计,同时采用沥青有效油膜厚度相等的原则设计离析配合比,对级配分形维数指标进行修正,结合分形维数值对SMA-13级配离析进行评价。研究结果表明:基于原分形理论对SMA-13离析级配曲线进行拟合,其拟合结果的相关性差,得到整体的分形维数并不适用于最大粒径小于16 mm的级配。通过有效沥青油膜厚度相等的原则,能够准确计算出不同离析级配对应的油石比,且更加贴近现场的实际情况。采用分段计算级配的分形维数,再按比例计算总的级配的分形维数的方法,解决了由于SMA-13最大粒径过小和自身离析级配的原因而使曲线拟合相关性不高的问题,同时提出了对于SMA-13级配离析的评价标准。 相似文献
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研究旨在揭示高速公路地表径流颗粒对径流重金属过滤的影响,采用碎石-土壤渗滤柱处理南京绕城公路马群段路面径流,探究高速公路地表径流中重金属的渗滤去除特性、颗粒物截留特征,重点阐明不同粒径颗粒物截留与重金属渗滤去除的关系,同时探讨季节、pH值等环境因素对碎石-土壤渗滤去除径流重金属的影响。结果表明:沿碎石-土壤渗滤柱深度方向,Cu、Zn浓度呈非线性递减;装置上层35 cm厚度的土壤对大部分可去除的Cu、Zn有很好的截留作用。颗粒去除对径流中去除重金属的影响随着渗滤层填料厚度的增厚而提高。季节、pH值、氧化还原电位(ORP)及干期时间对重金属去除有不同程度的影响。 相似文献
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Lasse Engbo Christiansen 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2018,56(2):249-280
In this article a theoretical investigation of the dynamics of a railway bogie running on a tangent track with a periodic disturbance of the lateral track geometry is presented. The dynamics is computed for two values of the speed of the vehicle in combination with different values of the wavelength and amplitude of the disturbance. Depending on the combinations of the speed, the wavelength and the amplitude, straight line forward motion, different modes of symmetric or asymmetric periodic oscillations or aperiodic motions, which are presumably chaotic, are found. Statistical methods are applied for the investigation. In the case of sinusoidal oscillations they provide information about the phase shift between the different variables and the amplitudes of the oscillations. In the case of an aperiodic motion the statistical measures indicate some non-smooth transitions. 相似文献