大客车空气悬架气囊刚度对侧倾稳定性影响的仿真研究

以某6127型客车为例,利用ADAMS建立整车侧倾稳定性试验仿真模型．研究悬架气囊刚度变化对客车侧倾稳定性的影响,分析该车悬架气囊刚度变化对侧倾稳定性影响的敏感程度。     

基于轮胎地面散体动力学模型的车辆稳定性研究

轮胎颗粒流法能在离散单元法的基础上建立颗粒物质数值模型,通过建立离散元轮胎模型,研究避险车道对车辆轮胎阻尼作用,并在该轮胎模型基础上,在Matlab/Simulink中建立14自由度整车模型,仿傎分析其行驶稳定性,验证了轮胎沉陷变形带来的垂向运动对侧倾有不容忽视的影响。     

六轮电驱动铰接式自卸车操纵稳定性研究

为一辆60t六轮电驱动铰接式自卸车建立考虑侧倾自由度的整车转向运动数学模型,以研究其稳定行驶的条件,分析车体质心位置对行驶稳定性的影响。接着建立了整车ADAMS/AMESim联合仿真模型,进行稳态回转试验和转向盘角阶跃输入试验的仿真,以观察整车的操纵稳定性,并分析后车体质心位置对稳定性的影响。仿真结果验证了所建模型的正确性。     

客车侧倾与横摆动力学稳定集成控制系统（续1）

客车在急转弯时,侧倾运动对其横向载荷转移率和轮胎垂向受力的改变,不仅会引起侧翻事故,还会对横摆运动产生重要影响。文章综合分析客车侧倾、横摆动力学及其耦合关系,建立耦合动力学模型。采用差动制动和主动式防倾杆等主动控制方法,并基于滑模控制理论设计集成控制系统。仿真结果表明,该系统可提高客车侧倾与横摆动力学稳定性,实现客车防侧翻和防侧滑的综合功能。     

基于ADAMS的房车布置优化及对操纵性能的影响

借助ADAMS/Car建立房车模型,研究在客车底盘中增加A/C发电机、热水器、净水箱、污水箱、灰水箱等较大质量的设备后对房车操纵稳定性的影响,并采用ADAMS/Insight对各项配置的重心位置进行优化设计,以提高整车的操纵稳定性.     

汽车操纵稳定性仿真分析

运用ADAMS／Car软件建立了整车多体动力学仿真模型,分析了前悬架系统、后钢板弹簧系统和轮胎仿真模型,并对不同方向盘转角及改变整车质心位置下的汽车操纵稳定性进行了动力学仿真分析。     

ADAMS在汽车动力学仿真中的应用研究

运用ADAMS软件建立了C型车多自由度整车多体动力学仿真近似模型，详细考虑了前悬架系统、后钢板弹簧系统和轮胎模型，并对不同方向盘转角及改变整车质心位置下的操纵稳定性进行了动力学仿真。     

ADAMS/Car模块在汽车操纵稳定性中的应用

文中简单介绍了ADAMS/Car模块,利用其建立了包括车身、悬架、转向系统和轮胎等在内的整车多体动力学模型。进行了操纵稳定性的仿真,并将仿真结果与实车试验结果进行对比,验证了所建整车动力学模型的正确性。     

非满载液罐半挂汽车列车侧向耦合动力学模型

为方便液罐半挂汽车列车（Tractor Semi-trailer Tank Vehicle,TSTTV）罐-车整体的优化设计匹配,综合提高整车的侧倾稳定性、侧向动力学稳定性及操纵特性,基于Lagrange方法和椭圆规摆等效机械液体晃动模型建立TSTTV的整车侧向耦合动力学模型,其典型特征是实现罐内液体侧向晃动与车辆横摆运动、侧向运动、悬挂质量的侧倾运动及非线性侧向轮胎力的集成一体化建模,贯通液体晃动动力学与车辆侧向动力学稳定性之间的联系。通过开环正弦停滞转向输入操作响应对所建立的模型进行分析评价,考察车辆横摆角速度、质心侧偏角、侧倾角、侧向载荷转移率及液体晃动角等状态量在2种充液比（F_L=40%,80%）及2种罐体椭圆率（Δ=1.0,1.3）下的响应。研究结果表明：所建立的TSTTV模型可以实现液体侧向晃动作用下的车辆侧向耦合动力学仿真分析,能够反映充液比、罐体截面椭圆率等运输条件和罐体几何参数对整车侧倾稳定性、侧向动力学稳定性及操纵特性的影响;基于该模型可以针对液体介质、充液比及道路环境等运输条件因素的影响,研究以提高整车侧向动力学稳定性为目标的TSTTV灌-车整体的优化设计匹配问题,这对提升液罐车的设计性能、提高行驶的安全性和运输效率具有重要意义。     

基于ADAMS/Car的悬架参数优化

利用ADAMS/Car软件建立悬架系统多体仿真模型,通过对比前后轴荷、前后偏频比,优化改制车辆弹簧刚度,对前、后悬架进行反向跳分析和整车稳态回转分析,匹配前后稳定杆直径,解决整车侧倾增益大的问题。     

Vehicle modeling with nonlinear tires for vehicle stability analysis

The dynamic stability of a vehicle depends on various maneuvering features, such as traction, braking, and cornering. This study presents nonlinear vehicle models for estimating the stability region and simulating the dynamic behavior of a vehicle. Two types of vehicle models were found by considering the degrees of freedom and linearity. A simple model with nonlinear tire dynamics is useful for determining the stability region, while a complex model (a multi-body dynamic model in MSC.ADAMS) is appropriate for carrying out accurate simulations. Actual data for a mid-sized passenger car were used, and the models were validated by comparison with test results.     

Nonlinear Design Approach to Four-Wheel-Steering Systems Using Neural Networks

Four-wheel-steering (4WS) systems have been studied and developed with remarkable success from the viewpoint of vehicle dynamics. Most of the control methods require a linearized bicycle model of the actual vehicle system which is however strongly influenced by tire nonlinearity. This paper proposes a new method to design the 4WS system taking into account the nonlinear characteristics of tires and suspensions. For this purpose integration of artificial neural network and linear control theory is introduced for the identification and control of a nonlinear vehicle model structured using a software for multi-body dynamic analysis (ADAMS). This model takes into account the nonlinear characteristics of actual vehicles with tires modeled by “magic formula“. The results of computer simulations show that the proposed nonlinear approach is efficient in improving the handling and stability of vehicles.     

Tire Lateral Force Estimation Using Kalman Filter

As for the tire analysis, lateral tire force is a fundamental factor that describes the stability of vehicle handling. Attempts to analyze the vehicle stability have been made based on various objective test methods and some specific factors such as yaw, lateral acceleration and roll angle. However, the problem to identify which axle is lack of the tire grip at a certain situation still remains. Since indoor tire force measurement system cannot represent a real road and vehicle conditions, tire force measurement through a real vehicle test is inevitable. Due to the high price of the tire force measurement device, tire force estimator can be an alternative toward cost reduction and device failure. In this paper, nonlinear planar full car model combined with tire model is proposed. Then, using discrete-time extended Kalman-Bucy filter (EKBF), individual tire lateral force are estimated with modified relaxation length model.     

五轴转向重型汽车转向性能的研究

以多体系统动力学理论为基础,利用ADAMS建立了五轴转向重型汽车的整车虚拟样机模型,对该模型进行了仿真分析.由分析结果可知,转向轮转角越大,轮胎磨损越严重.为提高重型汽车的灵活性,延长轮胎的使用寿命,对该模型进行了优化.通过仿真分析可知,优化后的转向性能明显提高.同时分析比较了五轴转向重型汽车与前两轴转向重型汽车的转向性能,结果表明,五轴转向重型汽车转弯半径小,轮胎磨损小.     

整车多体动力学模型的建立、验证及仿真分析

利用多体动力学方法建立了某轿车的整车非线性多体动力学模型,模型中考虑了前后悬架、转向系统的详细几何结构参数,以及连接处的橡胶衬套、阻尼器的非线性特性,轮胎采用M agic Formu la模型。对所建模型进行了多种试验验证,并分析了该样车的操纵稳定性等相关特性,仿真结果表明所建整车多体模型有较高的精度。     

The Influence of Tire Factors on the Stability of Trucks and Tractor Trailers

The mechanical properties of tires and trucks are contrasted with comparable properties of the motor car to explain why the motor truck and the tractor-trailer can exhibit fixed-control instability at moderate levels of lateral acceleration. The (1) rearward bias in the distribution of roll stiffness, (2) large ratio of e.g. height to track, and (3) low torsional stiffness of the parallel-rail frame (as typically employed in heavy commercial vehicles) are found to be the major factors implicated in this phenomenon. Experimental and analytical evidence is provided to show how tire inflation pressure and mixes of (a) tire-carcass construction and (b) tread design also influence stability at moderate levels of lateral acceleration. Conclusions relating to the safety of commercial vehicle operations are drawn.     

直接式TPMS在某款乘用车上的应用介绍

直接式的胎压检测系统(TPMS)能精确测量轮胎内的压力和温度,该系统在一个或多个轮胎气压不足时能提醒驾驶员。本文介绍胎压检测系统总览,主要零部件功能,TPMS在某款乘用车上的匹配应用、故障诊断及问题的处理。开发的TPMS样件,其性能测试结果达到了技术要求。样件在某款样车上实际试装测试,结果符合设计要求,可以批量生产。     

浅谈汽车轮胎磨损谈及有效保养

汽车轮胎每天都要和粗糙的路面接触,发生磨损自然是在所难免的事情。但是,绝不能因此就对轮胎的磨损掉以轻心,因为可以从轮胎的磨损程度发现汽车隐藏的故障。一般来说,如果汽车没有问题,轮胎的磨损就应该是均匀的;如果磨损不均,那可能就是有问题了。在汽车的行驶过程中,如果操作使用不当或维护保养不及时,将导致轮胎的异常损伤,直接影响汽车的动力性、经济性和各种使用性能的发挥,甚至造成严重的行车事故。汽车轮胎不仅影响整车动力性、经济性和轮胎使用寿命,而且直接影响汽车的操纵稳定性、汽车行驶方向的可控性,关系到人的生命和财产安全。因此,要科学地按技术要求控制轮胎气压,减少或避免轮胎异常磨损,合理维护和正确使用轮胎。     

基于车路系统的事故现场轮胎印迹强度参数化研究

为明确事故现场可视轮胎印迹强度与车辆动力学特性、轮胎橡胶磨损特征及道路表面灰度之间的关联特性,提出基于车路耦合的事故现场轮胎印迹强度参数化研究方法。通过结合动态滑动摩擦因数模型及轮胎非线性模型,建立车辆路面9 DOF非线性系统动力学模型,运用VBOX惯性测量技术验证模型的有效性。运用胎面磨损能量模型,从车路系统角度确定车辆、轮胎和路面特性对轮胎全局摩擦力及胎面磨损特性的影响。结合印迹强度特征模型提出轮胎印迹强度参数研究方法,选取不同制动、转向角工况及3组路面、胎面特性对轮胎路面接地力学特性、胎面橡胶磨损量、可视轮胎印迹特征进行仿真分析。结果表明：印迹强度仅与全局摩擦力大小有关,与轮胎路面滑移方向无关;滑移工况下胎面橡胶磨损量随着全局摩擦力和滑移速度的增大而增大,而印迹强度变化不明显;制动力矩和道路表面灰度对产生可视轮胎印迹起决定作用,转向角主要影响不规则可视轮胎印迹的产生;前轮轮胎最先出现可视印迹,且可视印迹长度和强度均高于后轮轮胎;采取可视印迹起点作为事故车辆速度判定具有一定的误差,应根据具体情况进行具体分析;研究成果能够为基于可视轮胎印迹的交通事故重建提供理论基础。     

The Influence of Tire Factors on the Stability of Trucks and Tractor Trailers

SUMMARY

The mechanical properties of tires and trucks are contrasted with comparable properties of the motor car to explain why the motor truck and the tractor-trailer can exhibit fixed-control instability at moderate levels of lateral acceleration. The (1) rearward bias in the distribution of roll stiffness, (2) large ratio of e.g. height to track, and (3) low torsional stiffness of the parallel-rail frame (as typically employed in heavy commercial vehicles) are found to be the major factors implicated in this phenomenon. Experimental and analytical evidence is provided to show how tire inflation pressure and mixes of (a) tire-carcass construction and (b) tread design also influence stability at moderate levels of lateral acceleration. Conclusions relating to the safety of commercial vehicle operations are drawn.