我国铁路快捷货车转向架悬挂系统特点分析

文章介绍了我国铁路快捷货车转向架悬挂系统的重要组成部分及主要特点,分析了快捷货车转向架一系和二系悬挂的关键技术以及设计标准和要求,为我国快捷货车转向架悬挂系统的设计提供一定的参考。     

德国铁路试开行6000吨重载列车

德国铁路在汉堡港至萨尔茨吉特之间进行了一次重载列车运行试验。这列重载列车由39辆运铁矿石的货车组成，3台大功率电力机车牵引，总重约6000吨。     

铁路货车车辆检修制度探究

铁路货车基本处于一个长期运行的状态,所以容易出现各种各样的问题,在对铁路货车进行检修的过程中,要按照标准的检修制度进行检修,货车检修能够及时发展铁路货车存在的问题并解决,对于铁路货车的稳定运行有着非常重要的作用。基于此,本文就对铁路货车车辆检修制度的相关内容进行了一个较为详细的概述。     

Supersite明察秋毫

ImageMap/Vipac ‘SuperSite＇是如今铁路行业出现的一个独特产品，并且已在美国和澳大利亚铁路公司中得到验证。SuperSite使得铁路公司能够监视机车头，客车车厢和货车车厢的车轮以及转向架的所有运转和工作情况。如今，全世界再没有第二种路旁测量系统能够在单个装置中测量，整合并分析所有这些数据。     

重载铁路路基结构设计技术标准探讨

中国的重载铁路，目前处于快速发展阶段，中国重载铁路基床结构的厚度、控制标准相比国外同类铁路明显偏高。参考国内外现行的重载铁路路基结构设计技术标准，结合非洲某国一矿区重载铁路路基结构设计实例，对重载铁路路基结构技术标准进行探讨。研究结果推荐:轴重40 t重载铁路工程，基床厚度为2.7 m，基床表层采用0.8 m厚级配碎石；基床底层采用AB填料或改良土。     

铁路货车车辆轮对故障分析及改进措施研究

由于轮对通常向高速横向转动方向滚动,轮对承载着我国铁路货车和客车的满载,在日常运营过程中,容易发生各种故障。这些安全事故对铁路货车正常连续运行速度造成极大限制,也对我国铁路货车正常运行安全造成严重威胁和不利影响。本文首先对铁路货车轮对可能存在的几种常见故障进行了深入分析。其次,结合笔者工作经验,对铁路货车轮对常见故障的主要解决方法进行了深入的分析和探讨。     

某低高度钢筋混凝土梁重载改造技术研究

由于桥梁作为铁路线路的重要组成部分,列车轴重的增加必然对既有桥梁的性能提出更高的要求。以某跨度10 m低高度钢筋混凝土梁重载改造为实例,综合分析梁体病害原因,经过比选提出了桥梁重载强化改造技术方案,阐述强化改造施工方案及其控制技术要点。通过现场检测各项关键指标均能满足规范要求,达到预期加固效果,能为类似项目提供技术参考。     

快捷货车的特点分析与展望

文章概述了我国铁路快捷货车的发展历程,进一步探讨了快捷货车的特点和关键技术,并对快捷货车今后的发展方向进行了展望,以期为我国快捷货车的未来设计和发展方向提供一定的参考。     

行车中遇到货车该怎么办?

知己知彼,方能百战百胜。为什么重载货车会成为时下高速公路上最厉害的杀手之一呢?我们来了解一下货车驾驶到底是怎么回事吧。     

重载铁路简支T梁制梁场建场技术研究

制梁场建设是重载铁路T梁建造的基础工作,建场标准化和规范化十分重要。结合课题科研成果和制梁场设计经验,对重载铁路T梁制梁场选址、关键参数确定、大型工装选型、规划与平面布置、主要土建结构物设计等组成的建场技术予以论述,以求达到技术先进、经济合理、安全适用的制梁场建设目标。     

Dynamics of railway freight vehicles

This paper summarises the historical development of railway freight vehicles and how vehicle designers have tackled the difficult challenges of producing running gear which can accommodate the very high tare to laden mass of typical freight wagons whilst maintaining stable running at the maximum required speed and good curving performance. The most common current freight bogies are described in detail and recent improvements in techniques used to simulate the dynamic behaviour of railway vehicles are summarised and examples of how these have been used to improve freight vehicle dynamic behaviour are included. A number of recent developments and innovative components and sub systems are outlined and finally two new developments are presented in more detail: the LEILA bogie and the SUSTRAIL bogie.     

Wear simulation for the centre plate arrangement of a freight car

The bodies of many railway freight cars in many countries of the world are coupled to the running gear by means of a body centre plate that makes a friction pair with a centre bowl. During motion, the bogie is rotated and moved with respect to the car body. This leads to wear on the contact surfaces. Lubrication is inexpedient in this case because the friction forces damp the vibrations (so-called bogie hunting) during motion. Usually, centre plates exhibit noticeable wear after two years of operation. Reducing wear requires knowing details of the wear process which, in turn, requires computer simulation of freight car motion for an operation period of 10–15 years. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal method for wear simulation of friction pairs that could be used, in particular, for the centre plate of a freight car.     

Three-dimensional derailment analysis of crashed freight trains

In this paper, the collision-induced derailment of freight trains was investigated. The collision between two identical freight trains occurring on a curved path rather than along a straight line was investigated. This is because from the point of view of safety against derailment this collision scenario is thought to be more critical than the scenarios defined in the European standard EN 15227. In this work, one of the trains is stationary and the other moving train collides at 36 km/h. Two kinds of container wagons were simulated. One is the two-axle freight wagon Kls 442. Another is the freight wagon Rmms 662 with two Y25 bogies. Simulation results demonstrate that in terms of safety against derailment the bogie wagon Rmms 662 was found to have better behaviour than the two-axle wagon Kls 442. In addition, this study points out that there are many contributory factors to the responses of freight wagons during a collision, such as curve radius, distance between bogie pivots and loading mass. The derailment phenomenon is less likely to occur, when freight trains collide on the curve with a larger radius. Besides that the characteristics of freight wagons with large axle loads, low centre of gravity of car body and appropriate static strength are favourable for the collided wagons in reducing the risk of derailment.     

Comparative stability of bogie vehicles with passive and active guidance as influenced by friction and traction

The stability of four bogie configurations is considered for a range of friction coefficients and traction ratios. The basis of comparison is the vehicle with conventional solid-axle railway wheelsets mounted in bogies with relatively stiff plan-view suspension. As improved performance of the wheelset in guidance can be achieved with various forms of passive and active guidance, bogies with yaw relaxation, with conventional wheelsets and active stabilisation and with independent wheels and active guidance are considered. Stability of each of these configurations is studied using a full nonlinear solution of the equations of motion. It is shown that the stability of the passive bogie configurations is very robust in the presence of traction and braking and variations of friction and that this is also true for an actively guided bogie with independent wheels. However, for a bogie with conventional wheelsets and active stabilisation, creep saturation effects can reduce stability significantly.     

Dynamic simulations of the freight three-piece bogie motion in curve

A loaded freight vehicle with two three-piece bogies is modelled using the accessible mathematical software MATLAB. The results are compared with its corresponding ADAMS/Rail dynamic multibody simulation model, where similar derailment factors are encountered for the freight vehicle. Both models reveal that the possibility of derailment increases immediately after entering and at the end of the curve – signifying the beginning and the end of the curve as two major points for derailment. Although a three-piece bogie construction is rather simple, its mathematical model proves to be very complex and is nonlinear due to the reported frictional contact at the rail/wheel interface as well as the friction wedges. This research is stimulated by bogie derailments that have occurred in the Iranian railways as well as those in the rest of the world.     

Sloshing effects and running safety in railway freight vehicles

This paper deals with the study of running dynamic effects for a partially filled railway tank vehicle. A computational fluid dynamics model in 2D is established and used to define the motion of the sloshing fluid and the forces generated on the tank, for curving conditions typical of railway freight transport. From these results, an equivalent mechanical model is identified which is able to correctly reproduce the forces generated on the tank. Finally, a mathematical model is defined for the entire freight car, including the bogies with primary suspensions, the tank and a discrete number of equivalent models positioned at different places along the longitudinal axis of the tank. This model is used to simulate the dynamics of the tank for a variety of curve geometries, train speeds and fill levels. By these simulations, derailment and rollover risks are evaluated and the most critical conditions for running safety are defined. Results show that sloshing can increase significantly the risk of tank rollover whereas its influence on the risk of derailment is minor.     

Simulation of active steering control for curving under traction in hauling locomotives

Active steering control in the form of secondary yaw control (SYC) and actuated wheelset yaw (AWY) have been in prototype development. This paper presents a new active steering bogie design, actuated yaw force steering (AY-FS), that is able to steer under high traction loads in tight curves. The AY-FS bogie design is compared with the AWY design. The steering performance AWY under high traction loads has not been previously reported. This paper examines five control methods, three for AWY and two for AY-FS bogies and assesses the traction curving and stability control performance of the alternative designs and control methods compared with each other and to passive steering bogie designs. The curving performance results showed considerable advantage in the proposed AY-FS bogies over the AWY. It was shown that control must be applied to both the yaw angle and the steering angle of the bogie to achieve the best traction steering performance which was not possible with the AWY bogies. The proposed new bogie designs of AY-FS overall give better traction curving and stability performance than the AWY designs.     

Simulation of curving at low speed under high traction for passive steering hauling locomotives

The traction control in modern electric and diesel electric locomotives has allowed rail operators to utilise high traction adhesion levels without undue risk of damage from uncontrolled wheel spin. At the same time, some locomotive manufacturers have developed passive steering locomotive bogies to reduce wheel rail wear and further improve locomotive adhesion performance on curves. High locomotive traction loads in curving are known to cause the loss of steering performance in passive steering bogies. At present there are few publications on the curving performance of locomotive steering with linkage bogies. The most extreme traction curving cases of low speed and high adhesion for hauling locomotives have not been fully investigated, with effects of coupler forces and cant excess being generally ignored. This paper presents a simulation study for three axle bogie locomotives in pusher and pulling train positions on tight curves. The simulation study uses moderate and high traction adhesion levels of 16.6% and 37% for various rail friction conditions. Curving performance is assessed, showing forced steering bogies to have considerable advantages over self steering bogies. Likewise it is shown that self steering bogies are significantly better than yaw relaxation bogies at improving steering under traction. As the required traction adhesion approaches the rail friction coefficient, steering performance of all bogies degrades and yaw of the bogie frame relative to the track increases. Operation with excess cant and tensile coupler forces are both found to be detrimental to the wear performance of all locomotive bogies, increasing the bogie frame yaw angles. Bogie frame pitching is also found to have significant effect on steering, causing increased performance differences between bogie designs.     

Theoretical Comparison Between Different Configurations of Radial and Conventional Bogies

This article compares the dynamic behaviour of different configurations of radial and conventional two-axle bogies. In general, the design parameters for a better curve negotiation are not compatible with those for good stability. As the main target of this article is to compare the curving performances of different bogies under the same design basis, several bogie configurations with the same level of stability, obtained by choosing proper primary suspension stiffnesses, have been used. The comparison includes a conventional bogie and three radial bogies with differing self-steering and forced-steering principles in three different passenger services: High Speed, Regional and Mass Transit. The analysis has been concentrated on parameters such as stability, lateral wheel-track forces in curve and wheel wear indices. The results show that the radial bogie configurations studied do not make significant contributions in general applications with regard to a conventional bogie. It is only under specific running conditions and types of service that some radial bogie configurations provide advantages with respect to the conventional bogie.     

Theoretical Comparison Between Different Configurations of Radial and Conventional Bogies

This article compares the dynamic behaviour of different configurations of radial and conventional two-axle bogies. In general, the design parameters for a better curve negotiation are not compatible with those for good stability. As the main target of this article is to compare the curving performances of different bogies under the same design basis, several bogie configurations with the same level of stability, obtained by choosing proper primary suspension stiffnesses, have been used. The comparison includes a conventional bogie and three radial bogies with differing self-steering and forced-steering principles in three different passenger services: High Speed, Regional and Mass Transit. The analysis has been concentrated on parameters such as stability, lateral wheel-track forces in curve and wheel wear indices. The results show that the radial bogie configurations studied do not make significant contributions in general applications with regard to a conventional bogie. It is only under specific running conditions and types of service that some radial bogie configurations provide advantages with respect to the conventional bogie.