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城市道路平面交叉口指路标志版式与信息组成研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
道路交通指路标志是为交通参与者提供道路信息,并对交通流进行合理诱导的交通设施。平面交叉口指路标志是其中的重要组成部分,其版面格式和信息组成直接影响其指路功能的发挥。文中结合现行国家规范及国内外城市交叉口指路标志的设置经验,提出了适合广州市的平面交叉口指路标志版式与信息选取组成方式。 相似文献
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指路标志在驾驶人出行过程中至关重要,目前标志系统现存一些问题,如指路信息无法满足驾驶人需求,在交叉口处尤为明显.为研究驾驶人在出行过程中对路网信息要素的需求,设计并开展了交叉口周边路网信息的需求实验与调查问卷.结果表明,驾驶人开车行驶至交叉口时,对近端路名、地名信息的需求程度高于对远端信息的需求;出行过程中对不同指路信息的需求与目的地有关;91% 的驾驶人倾向于指路标志中选取路名信息;78% 的驾驶人倾向于指路标志中选取方向信息;94%的驾驶人认为指路标志信息数量在4~9条之间较为合适.通过对3类信息的重要程度进行排序,得出路名信息最为重要,其次为地名信息,最后为方向信息. 相似文献
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一般公路区域路网指路标志系统构建方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
指路标志是非常重要的一类交通标志,它的设置关系到路网交通能否有效运行。首先提出了驾驶员在交叉口前的指路信息需求模型,并基于此提出了预告、告知、确认的一般公路区域路网指路标志系统构成与构建方法。实车实验结果显示,本方法可有效提高指路标志的设置有效性,减少驾驶员走错路的概率。 相似文献
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基于高速公路交织段的概念,结合城市道路间断流运行特征及路侧指路信息对交织车辆的影响机理,提出城市道路交叉口进口道车流实际交织长度的确定方法.根据道路交通设计特征及驾驶员变道行为特征分别确定了城市道路进口道交织段的起讫点.选取上海市典型交叉口对车辆换道行为及微观行车特征进行视频观测,共获得159个有效样本,分析了车辆换道决策点在信息指示标志附近的分布规律,结果显示,换道决策点在信息指示标志附近呈正态分布.结合指路信息的影响改进了现有交织段通行能力计算模型,比较了该交叉口三个典型断面的通行能力:停车线断面、交织段断面、路段断面,并指出随指路信息位置变化时交织段通行能力的变化趋势,据此提出指路信息最佳设置位置. 相似文献
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成都市道路十字形平面交叉口规划切角取值之管见 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文根据道路平面交叉口视距三角形概念以及对通过交叉口设计车速的分析 ,结合成都市规划道路红线宽度和横断面型式等资料 ,利用 CAD技术 ,对成都市道路十字形平面交叉口 ( 75°≤α≤ 1 1 5°)几何特征参数切角取值进行分析 ,形成图表 ,以供参考 相似文献
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The term ‘scenario’ is used in the safety field to designate a prototype or a model of an accident process characterised by chains of facts, actions, causal relations and consequences in terms of damage to people and property. The prototypical scenarios, properly realized, provide a basis on which to consider the action to be taken, but also a concrete backup for accident information for use in information campaigns or training. The objective of this study is to define the prototypical accident scenarios for a particular configuration of road intersection: the skewed intersection. Limited sight distance at skewed intersections leads to safety issues. A non-skewed intersection provides the best operating conditions as drivers can easily sense the direction in which they are travelling, estimate the speeds of the opposing traffic and smoothly complete a maneuver in shorter time. In skewed intersections, instead, the ability of drivers to recognize any conflicting vehicles diminishes in comparison to right-angle intersections. The logical-deductive approach used in this paper for the determination of accident scenarios is based on an analysis of a large database of incidents, which occurred on several roads in eastern Sicily on 35 skewed intersections at three-legs. The skew angle of the minor leg of all the intersections studied is between 15° and 20°. This research allowed to develop accident scenarios related to particular configurations of intersections, compatible with the Italian rules. Prototypical scenarios are constructed using samples of accidents occurring on a particular type of study area, especially when they are based on files from in-depth investigations. The method used is an inductive approach, based on an examination of each case, grouping together similar cases and building a prototypical scenario using this case grouping. From the in-depth analysis of database accidents 9 prototypical accident scenarios have been identified for the skewed intersections. 相似文献
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为了解决连续流交叉口车辆多次停车问题,提出了各流向车辆在所遇第2条停车线处不用停车的优化控制策略。通过协调主预信号配时,调整信号控制相位相序方案,促使车辆直接通过所遇第2条停车线,使得左转车辆停车次数由3次减少到2次或者1次,直行车辆停车次数由2次减少到1次。分析各流向车辆到达-驶离图式,构建左转车流在所遇第3条停车线处的延误计算模型,结合Webster经典模型,给出连续流交叉口整体延误计算模型,其计算结果与VISSIM仿真结果基本一致。推导给出车辆不二次停车、车车不冲突以及连续流交叉口自身交通组织等因素所需满足的约束条件,以交叉口车均延误最小化为优化目标,构建连续流交叉口主预信号协调配时优化控制模型,并设计了4种交通场景以验证不同情况下的效益改善情况。研究结果表明:通过信号协调减少1次停车,能够降低50%以上的车均延误和车均停车次数;根据各转向交通量所占比例选择合适的车道分配方案有助于提升连续流交叉口通行效率;在2种策略下交叉口车均停车次数分别为0.88~1.05、0.59~0.77,与已有控制策略约2次车均停车次数相比,明显降低了连续流交叉口车辆停车次数。研究成果可为连续流交叉口控制提供新的视角,对交叉口通行效率的提升效果也更加显著。 相似文献
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城市道路交通组织设计探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
城市道路交通组织设计是在道路规划、设计中对道路交通流的方向预先进行组织设计,关键在于把城市各级道路所组成的“区域路网”作为一个不停运行的“有机整体”来考虑。机动车交通组织设计应遵循按道路等级分级组织交通的原则,每一级道路应只吸引比它低一级道路的交通流,并向它的上一级道路输送交通流,支路在合适的情况下可组织单向交通,路口尤其是异形路口的交通组织是设计的难点。在路口和大型交通集散点行人和非机动车的交通组织应给予充分的重视。 相似文献
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《国际交通安全学会研究报告》2021,45(3):303-309
Intersection safety continues to be a crucial issue throughout the United States. In 2016, 27% of the 37,461 traffic fatalities on U.S. roadways occurred at or near intersections. Nearly 70% of intersection-related fatalities occurred at unsignalized intersections. At such intersections, vehicles stopping or slowing to turn create speed differentials between vehicles traveling in the same direction. This is particularly problematic on two-lane highways. Research was performed to analyze safety performance for intersections on rural, two-lane roadways, with stop control on the minor roadway. Roadway, traffic, and crash data were collected from 4148 stop-controlled intersections of all 64 Parishes (counties) statewide in Louisiana, for the period of 2013 to 2017. Four count approaches, Poisson, Negative Binomial (NB), Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) and Zero-inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) were used to model the number of intersection crashes for different severity levels. The results indicate that ZIP models provide a better fit than all other models. In addition to traffic volume, larger curve radii of major and minor roads and wider lane widths of major roads led to significantly smaller crash occurrences. However, higher speed limits of major roads led to significantly greater crash occurrences. Four-leg stop-controlled intersections have 35% greater total crashes, 49% greater fatal and injury crashes, and 25% greater property damage only (PDO) crashes, relative to three-leg intersections. 相似文献
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旅游标志是交通主标志,提供旅游景区(点)名称、旅游项目类别图案以及前往旅游景区(点)的方向和距离等信息,设在高速公路出口附近及通往旅游景区(点)各连接道路交叉口附近的道路交通指引标志。旅游标志指引系统路线规划就是根据景点等级及分布情况,拟定旅游景区(点)指引原则,选择恰当的指引路线,确定每个景点的指引起始点及行经路线等。 相似文献