汽油机缸内直喷的关键技术和发展现状

讨论了缸内直喷发动机的优缺点和当前对该种发动机出了要求，认为缸内直喷技术的关键是掌握和控制好混合气浓度在空间的分布和随时间的变化，其控制是在一定的喷油，点火控制策略下靠燃油射系统与缸内流场的合理匹配实现的，阐述了缸内直喷对上述两个方面提出的要求，并讨论了发动机排放及其解决方法。     

缸壁喷入式燃油直喷发动机

现有技术的电喷发动机通常都将喷油嘴安装在发动机的进气口上，缸内直喷发动机是将其装在气缸盖上。众所周知，前者的各项性能都比不上后者，但由于目前缸内直喷发动机的喷油器大都安装在燃烧室上，汽油是直接喷注到气缸中的，油路就必须具备比缸内更高的压力。燃油管道内的压力提高以后，管道各接头密封处的强度也要随之提高，加之喷油器是直接安装在燃烧室上的，这就对喷油器的设计和制造工艺也提出了更高的要求，喷油器还必须耐高温。所以缸内直喷发动机虽然有诸多优势，但却得不到广泛的应用。     

汽油机缸内直喷技术及其应用前景

汽油机缸内直喷技术作为目前市场上广泛应用的一种先进发动机技术具有广阔的应用前景。文中详细介绍了汽油机缸内直喷的混合气形成模式、燃烧模式和该技术对发动机动力性、经济性和排放特性的影响,并对采用缸内直喷技术对发动机其他部件的要求进行了简单分析。     

不同寻常的奔驰直喷技术

事出有因:很独到的奔驰直喷技术直喷技术作为各汽车企业比拼内力的一块阵地,当然少不了奔驰汽车在前面我们提到过奥迪的TFSI分层燃烧缸内直喷涡轮增压发动机,这款发动机不仅是分层燃烧技术的典范,同时也是缸内直喷技术的典范。直喷技术不像分层燃烧技术那样对油品有苛刻的要求,因此应用也相对要广泛。由于其可以精确控制喷油量,使得发动机在性能、油耗、排放等各方面都最佳     

缸内直喷发动机积碳的生成与清除

<正>由于缸内直喷发动机在使用过程中形成的沉积物会显著影响其优越性能,且发动机管理系统无法完全补偿过量沉积物所造成的影响,故研究控制和减少直喷发动机的沉积物生成具有现实意义。燃油对喷油嘴和燃烧室的积碳贡献更大,而润滑油则对进气门的积碳贡献更大。在对能源和环保要求日趋严格的今天,即使是多点燃油喷射这样的技术也不能满足人们的要求,于是更为精确的燃油喷射技术诞生,那就是缸内直喷技术。     

缸内直喷汽油发动机高压油泵噪声控制研究

汽油缸内直喷发动机的喷油压力普遍在10 MPa以上,甚至可高达20 MPa或更高,这就需要增加一套高压供油装置。高压燃油系统噪声是直喷发动机开发的重点。针对缸内直喷汽油发动机高压油泵在怠速工况时的噪声优化控制的研究,主要通过包裹隔声法和标定控制策略优化法有效地降低了高压油泵噪声,同时也提高了发动机怠速声品质。     

缸内直喷汽油机燃油系统故障诊断技术

<正>以某型发动机为例,本文在总结缸内直喷汽油机燃油系统的数据流读取分析、油压及油泵的检测、电控元件检测及执行元件自测等故障诊断方法的基础上,对缸内直喷汽油机燃油系统产生的常见故障进行诊断分析。缸内直喷汽油机燃油系统故障分析缸内直喷汽油机燃油系统缸内直喷汽油机已被广泛使用,其整个供油系统以将电功率及机功率减至最小为目的,能够使油压实现按需调节的效果。燃油泵的控制单元由车载电网控制单元负责提供工作电源,当发动机的控制单元     

问车热线

261汽油发动机缸内直喷Q:汽油发动机实现了缸内直喷,其压缩比就有可能相应提高,是否可以这样理解?另外,缸内直喷的优势何在?请专家赐教。——泉山长老A:您好,您说的没错,缸内直喷允许更高的压缩比,同时缸内爆震的情况也会随之减少,对降低发动机低速状     

直喷发动机——新君越和奥迪A6引发车市直喷革命

近年来，随着汽油发动机技术的飞速发展，一种被称为汽油发动机基因突变的”缸内直喷”技术迅速跨入了汽车科技的前沿。以大众FSI、通用SIDI、奔驰CGI为代表的缸内直喷发动机正引发一场世界性的”直喷革命”。而在这场科技变革中，配备SIDI直喷V6发动机新君越与配备FSI发动机的奥迪A6是最为瞩目的两位领军人物。     

国内首台大功率高压直喷天然气发动机上市

中国第一台大功率缸内高压直喷压燃式天然气发动机（简称HPDI发动机）上市发布仪式近日在京举行。这一技术创新成果,是由中国首家研发和生产缸内直喷天然气发动机的合资公司——潍柴动力西港新能源发动机有限公司推出的。该项目的开发成功,填补了国内天然气缸内直喷发动机在应用领域的空白,将是中国天然气发动机发展史上的一个里程碑。     

Development of engine control using the in-cylinder pressure signal in a high speed direct injection diesel engine

Emission regulations are becoming more stringent and remain a principal issue for vehicle manufacturers. Many engine subsystems and control technologies have been introduced to meet the demands of these regulations. For diesel engines, combustion control is one of the most effective approaches for reducing not only engine exhaust emissions but also cylinder-by-cylinder variation. However, the high cost of pressure sensors and the complex engine head design for additional equipment present difficulties for manufacturers. In this paper, cylinder pressure-based engine control logic is introduced for a multi-cylinder high speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel engine. The time for 50% of the mass fraction to be burned (MFB50) and the IMEP are valuable for determining the combustion status. These two in-cylinder quantities are measured and applied to the engine control logic. Fuel injection timing is controlled to adjust the operating MFB50 to the target MFB50 using PID control logic, and the fuel injection quantity is controlled to adjust the measured IMEP to the desired IMEP. The control logic is demonstrated at steady state and during transient conditions and is applied to an NEDC mode test.     

缸内直喷技术在小型汽油机上的应用研究

在1台单缸发动机上进行了汽油缸内直喷研究,设计了燃油供应系统、燃油电控喷射及台架测试系统。对部分台架试验结果进行研究分析,结果表明:改装的小型缸内直喷汽油机动力性能和排放性能均有明显改善;喷射时刻对排放有重要影响;在缸内直喷分层难以实现时,缸内直喷均质混合方式也是可行的研究开发方向。     

直喷式柴油机燃用柴油——LPG双燃料燃烧与排放特性的试验研究

对在单缸直喷式柴油机上进行的柴油——LPG双燃料发动机燃烧和排放特性研究表明，双燃料发动机动力性没有出现功率损失的现象，热效率在高负荷时有一定的改善；着火滞燃期比纯柴油长，燃烧持续期缩短。排放试验表明，双燃料发动机为降低NOx和微粒排放提供一种有效途径。     

均质压燃发动机研究开发新进展

介绍了HCCI燃烧节能和降排放的潜力及其产业化关键技术问题;阐述了HCCI发动机稳态工况下的着火燃烧控制方法、瞬态运行控制方法和数值模拟等方面的最新研究进展。可以看出,目前国际上HCCI产业化研究主要集中在汽油机和柴油机HCCI燃烧控制方面,包括燃烧诊断、燃烧模式切换和瞬态工况过渡。缸内直喷多段喷射是HCCI燃烧在车用发动机上应用更有前途和更具可行性的方式。HCCI发动机产业化进程将取决于快速可变配气系统和高质量燃油喷射系统等技术的进一步成熟和产业化成本。     

Effects of the fuel injection ratio on the emission and combustion performances of the partially premixed charge compression ignition combustion engine applied with the split injection method

Currently, due to the severity of world-wide air pollution by substances emitted from vehicles, emission control is being enforced more strictly, and it is expected that the regulation requirements for emission will become even more severe. A new concept combustion technology that can reduce the Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and PM in relation to combustion is urgently required. As a core combustion technology among new combustion technologies for the next generation engine, the homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is expanding its application range by adopting a multiple combustion mode, a catalyst, direct fuel injection and partially premixed charge compression ignition combustion using the split injection method. This paper used a split injection method in order to apply the partially premixed charge compression ignition combustion method without significantly altering engine specifications of the multiple combustion mode and practicality by referring to the results of studies on the HCCI engine. Furthermore, the effects of the ratio of the fuel injection amount on split injection are investigated. From the test results, the adequate combination of the ratio of the fuel injection amount for the split injection method has some benefit on exhaust and fuel economy performance in a naturally aspirated single cylinder diesel engine.     

Numerical Analysis of the Mixture Formation in a Two-Stroke Wall-Guided LPG DI Engine for Extended-Range Electric Vehicle

The use of automotive LPG characteristics which are easy to evaporate vaporization and carry. The paper presents a design of extended-range electric vehicle for wall-guided two stroke LPG engine with direct injection combustion system. Based on the modified vehicle LPG spray model, a database describing the characteristics of vehicle LPG fuel was built and imported into the CFD software. And the accuracy of the model is verified by the Schlieren experimental results. The concentration and velocity field of the mixture in the cylinder under different load conditions are numerically analyzed. The analyzed result indicated that the start injection time θ = 60°–70°CA BTDC under part load condition, the plug electrode near the gathering of a richer mixture is easy to be fired at spark ignition time, the obvious formation of mixture in cylinder is formed and the overall air-fuel ratio is above 40: 1. The start-transition working condition and large load conditions in the piston moves upward before closing the exhaust port to start injection LPG. The optimized LPG injection start time θ ensures that the fresh gas is locked in the cylinder when the exhaust port is closed (63°CA ABDC). In the ignition time of the spark plug, an ideal homogeneous mixture in the cylinder is realized.     

丰田2JZ-GE发动机气门驱动机构与气门间隙的调整

丰田皇冠2JZ-GE发动机为水冷直列6缸4气门电控直喷式发动机，其气门由顶置双凸轮轴直接驱动。由于其气门升程比摇臂式气门低，所以气门间隙的调整比较困难。结合图例介绍了气门间隙的测量与调整。     

电磁驱动配气机构单缸汽油机的电控系统开发

为应用电磁驱动配气机构的单缸汽油机设计了基于DSP(TMS320F2812)的电控系统,此电控系统除常规的喷油、点火等控制功能外,还可通过调节进、排气门控制参数(气门开启时刻、关闭时刻以及气门升程)直接调节进气量,进而实现发动机不同工况下的稳定运转。完成了初步的运行试验,验证了电控系统的可行性,为进一步应用电磁驱动配气机构提高发动机性能的研究打下了基础。     

电喷发动机闭缸循环工作排放与经济性试验研究

介绍了电喷发动机闭缸循环工作节油的理论基础,给出了闭缸循环工作的控制电路和工作模式,并进行了怠速和等速行驶燃油消耗和排放性能的对比试验。试验结果表明,两缸闭缸循环工作能够有效地降低燃油消耗量。     

电控柴油机起动工况的标定匹配研究

研究了安装VP37电控分配泵柴油机起动工况的标定匹配。借助VS100先进的实时测量和后处理功能及对排放的测量,分析了燃油系统控制参数对起动过程的影响。用曲轴转速分析法分析起动过程简单易行,而且能判断各缸循环的失火情况。在综合衡量排放和起动性能的基础上,确定了电控燃油系统起动模块的控制参数,标定后的柴油机起动顺畅,排放低。