油气弹簧可调阻尼阀系设计及特性试验

基于某型车辆参数,设计了一种采用电磁阀控制的阻尼可调油气弹簧,并对其结构与T作原理进行了分析.按照车辆悬架最佳阻尼匹配要求.利用开阀流量、压差和阀开度之间的关系建立了油气弹簧可调阻尼阀系参数模型;利用薄壁小孔节流理论得到了油气弹簧节流孔的设计方法.对油气弹簧可调阻尼阀系参数进行设计并进行了阻力特性试验.结果表明,该油气弹簧可调阻尼阀系参数设计方法正确,通过电磁阀组合控制实现阻尼三级可调效果明显.     

油气弹簧叠加阀片应力分析

根据阀片变形、内力和应力之间关系,建立油气弹簧节流阀片应力解析计算式,对单片阀片应力进行了解析计算,并与<机械设计手册>和ANSYS有限元分析软件计算方法进行了比较.对多片叠加阀片等效厚度、应力进行了研究,建立了最大许用厚度计算式.通过实例,对油气弹簧叠加阀片进行了厚度设计和应力计算与分析.     

汽车减振器阀系参数建模及CAD软件开发

利用节流压力与流量以及阀片变形之间的关系,建立了减振器阀系参数设计数学模型和优化目标函数.在此基础上,开发了一套减振器阀系参数CAD软件,并对其特点进行分析.通过实例,利用该软件对阀系参数进行CAD设计,并对减振器进行了阻力特性试验,其结果与特性要求值相近.这表明所建立的减振器阀系参数设计模型是正确的,所开发的阀系参数CAD软件是可靠的,对于减振器设计具有实际推广价值.     

基于车辆参数减振器常通节流孔优化设计方法

利用车辆参数和平安比,得到了减振器分段线性阻尼系数,建立了与车辆最佳阻尼匹配所需减振器的速度特性.根据减振器开阀前速度特性要求,建立了基于车辆参数的常通节流孔曲线拟合优化设计方法.通过实例,对某汽车减振器常通节流孔进行了优化设计,对设计的减振器进行了阻尼特性和整车振动试验.结果表明,基于车辆参数的常通节流孔优化设计方法正确,参数设计值可靠.     

油气弹簧阀片厚度与节流缝隙的分析研究

利用节流阀片弯曲变形量Gr计算方法,对节流缝隙增量和弯曲变形量的关系进行了分析,对节流缝隙增量随压力的变化进行了探讨。对油气弹簧节流阀的设计进行了研究,给出了由车辆的基本参数设计节流阀片厚度和节流缝隙的方法和步骤,最后对所设计油气弹簧进行了阻力特性试验。     

基于减振器特性的阀系参数多分段黄金分割设计

阀系参数设计是减振器设计的关键性问题,在实际设计中还没有可靠、实用的设计方法.文中通过减振器阻尼构件分析,根据阀片变形精确解析式,以及节流压力与流量之间关系,建立了阀系参数多分段黄金分割设计方法.通过实例,对阀系参数进行了多分段黄金分割设计,并对减振器进行了阻力特性试验.结果表明,参数设计值与曲线拟合优化设计值和厂家图纸标注值吻合,特性试验值与目标要求值很接近;说明该设计方法准确、简便和实用,对减振器设计具有重要推广应用价值.     

外置串联阀式阻尼可调油气弹簧研究

对外置串联阀式阻尼可调油气弹簧的基本结构和工作原理进行了分析;建立了以阻尼阀结构数据为参数的阻尼力算法模型。通过对BJ2020JC改装后的油气弹簧进行理论分析和台架试验,结果表明该模型可用于指导阻尼可调油气弹簧的设计。     

基于遗传算法的少片变截面钢板弹簧优化设计

为满足车辆轻量化设计要求,提出了某轻型客车钢板弹簧基于遗传算法的优化设计。在钢板弹簧最大通用化基础上,建立了少片变截面钢板弹簧优化设计的数学模型,应用遗传算法优化相关参数,然后利用CATIA的参数化功能建立少片变截面钢板弹簧总成自由状态模型,并通过有限元分析对模型进行应力校核,最后进行样件台架和道路试验。试验结果表明:少片变截面钢板弹簧刚度特性符合设计要求,板簧重量降低21.8%。     

钢板弹簧离散梁动力学参数反求

针对采用多体动力学方法创建钢板弹簧动力学模型中所需的对钢板弹簧进行简化处理(用少片等效模拟多片钢板弹簧)时确定离散梁动力学参数的困难,引入遗传算法.利用遗传算法来反求对弹簧刚度影响最大的离散梁的动力学参数(绕3个轴的转动惯量),从而可快速准确地建立钢板弹簧仿真模型.最后,用某车型前桥的钢板弹簧离散梁动力学参数反求算例中仿真与试验结果的对比,验证了该方法的有效性.     

减振器阀门机构弹性阀片设计与计算

1减振器弹性阀片的特点 在液压减振器中,根据良好减振器阻力的三条规定而确定的阻力-速度特性曲线(见图1)的有关要求,活塞组件的复原阀和底部阀门机构压缩阀是卸载阀,要求阀系控制元件--弹簧的弹性较强.只有当液压阻力P＞PK时,阀才能开启;液压阻力P＜PK时,阀即自行关闭.根据车辆行驶平顺性、安全性等行驶性能要求,确定合理的开阀速度(VK)及相应液压阻力PK.根据液压阻力PK和阀系机构相关零件的有关尺寸等参数计算弹簧安装预加载荷,通常该值较大.     

某新型全路面起重机底盘油气悬架系统的设计

介绍了某新型多轴全路面起重机底盘左右连通式自动调高油气悬架系统的组成和设计方法，包括油气弹簧的设计、蓄能器的选型、双横臂和调高系统的设计，并介绍了该新型油气悬架的特点，为其他专用汽车底盘设计提供了参考。     

汽车起重机连通式油气悬挂系统仿真分析

在国内,大吨位汽车起重机的油气悬挂系统大多依赖国外技术,关键控制元件也都依靠进口,为掌握油气悬挂的刚度和阻尼特性,对油气悬挂系统的结构原理和参数性能的影响等需要进行深入分析。本文通过对某汽车起重机连通式油气悬挂进行仿真分析,得出各主要结构和设计参数对悬挂系统性能的影响规律,为油气悬挂系统的改进和设计开发提供了参考依据。     

Multi-performance analyses and design optimisation of hydro-pneumatic suspension system for an articulated frame-steered vehicle

This study investigates the coupled ride and directional performance characteristics of an articulated frame-steered vehicle (AFSV). A three-dimensional multi-body dynamic model of the vehicle is formulated integrating the hydro-mechanical frame steering and hydro-pneumatic suspension (HPS) systems. The model parameters are obtained from field-measured data acquired for an unsuspended AFSV prototype and a validated scaled HPS model. The HPS is implemented only at the front axle, which supports the driver cabin. The main parameters of the HPS, including the piston area, and flow areas of bleed orifices and check valves, are selected through design sensitivity analyses and optimisation, considering ride vibration, and roll- and yaw-plane stability performance measures. These include the frequency-weighted vertical vibration of the front unit, root-mean-square lateral acceleration during the sustained lateral load transfer ratio period prior to absolute rollover of the rear unit, and yaw-mode oscillation frequency following a lateral perturbation of the vehicle. The results suggested that the implementation of the HPS to the front unit alone could help preserve the directional stability limits compared to the unsuspended prototype vehicle and reduce the ride vibration exposure by nearly 30%. The results of sensitivity analyses revealed that the directional stability performance limits are only slightly affected by the HPS parameters. Further reduction in the ride vibration exposure was attained with the optimal design, irrespective of the payload variations. The vehicle operation at relatively higher speeds, however, would yield greater vibration exposure.     

油气弹簧试验台测控系统设计与仿真

油气弹簧试验台是测试油气弹簧性能的必要设备,传统的机械式试验台输出信号误差大,难以满足试验需求,因此需要设计一套性能良好、精准度高的试验台来对油气弹簧进行试验。本文分析了电液伺服试验台的基本组成,并对控制系统进行了设计与仿真,通过利用Amesim和Simulink联合仿真的方法对测控系统进行研究,建立电液伺服系统的数学模型。采用模糊PID控制对系统的动态特性进行控制,并与常规PID的控制方法进行对比。结果表明,模糊PID控制方法快速平稳,其达到稳态的时间为常规PID的40%,并且系统具有较好的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。     

Influential factors for HLA pump up in a roller finger follower engine

In an HLA (hydraulic lash adjuster) piston engine, “pump up” can occur when a valve is opened by the HLA when it should be closed. HLA pump up is more frequently encountered with exhaust valves than with intake valves. When HLA pump up in occurs in the exhaust valve, exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold enters the cylinder on the intake stroke, and fresh air-fuel mixture exits through the exhaust manifold on the compression stroke and is burned in the catalyst, causing partial burning, misfire, catalyst melting and power drop. HLA pump up occurs when the force on the valve from the HLA is higher than the force on the HLA from the valve. HLA pump up is related to design parameters, such as oil pressure, rocker ratio, spring load, spring surge, and both intake and exhaust valve timing. In this study, valve lift and load on a roller finger follower were measured at varying engine firing conditions to evaluate HLA pump up. The results indicated that effective measures to reduce HLA pump up include a higher rocker ratio, a lower oil supply pressure to the HLA, a higher spring installation load and a lower spring surge.     

Roll- and pitch-plane coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension

Passive fluidically coupled suspensions have been considered to offer a promising alternative solution to the challenging design of a vehicle suspension system. A theoretical foundation, however, has not been established for fluidically coupled suspension to facilitate its broad applications to various vehicles. The first part of this study investigates the fundamental issues related to feasibility and properties of the passive, full-vehicle interconnected, hydro-pneumatic suspension configurations using both analytical and simulation techniques. Layouts of various interconnected suspension configurations are illustrated based on two novel hydro-pneumatic suspension strut designs, both of which provide a compact design with a considerably large effective working area. A simplified measure, vehicle property index, is proposed to permit a preliminary evaluation of different interconnected suspension configurations using qualitative scaling of the bounce-, roll-, pitch- and warp-mode stiffness properties. Analytical formulations for the properties of unconnected and three selected X-coupled suspension configurations are derived, and simulation results are obtained to illustrate their relative stiffness and damping properties in the bounce, roll, pitch and warp modes. The superior design flexibility feature of the interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension is also discussed through sensitivity analysis of a design parameter, namely the annular piston area of the strut. The results demonstrate that a full-vehicle interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension could provide enhanced roll- and pitch-mode stiffness and damping, while retaining the soft bounce- and warp-mode properties. Such an interconnected suspension thus offers considerable potential in realising enhanced decoupling among the different suspension modes.     

消除多余约束全局耦合油气悬架系统的研究

提出了悬架多余约束问题,分析了其产生原因,论述了消除多余约束对减小车身扭转载荷、提高汽车越野性能的意义。介绍了消除多余约束全局耦合油气悬架系统的作用原理和消扭作用缸的设计依据。设计了消除多余约束全局耦合油气悬架系统并进行了试验研究。结果表明,所设计的悬架系统在减小车身扭转载荷方面效果明显。