弹性支承对船舶轴系的影响分析

船舶推进轴系引起的船体振动问题日益突出,为了减小推进轴系传递给船体的振动,从改变振动传递路径的角度提出一种轴系整体弹性支撑方案。建立有限元模型,改变支撑平台结构刚性和隔振器刚度分别计算轴承基座间相对位移和轴承载荷。所选取的平台方案中,在重力下轴承基座间最大相对位移为1.216 mm。推力作用下当推力大于500 kN时,采用1阶弯曲频率在18.2 Hz及以上的平台方案时,轴承基座间最大相对位移小于0.3 mm,隔振器刚度变化则对轴承载荷影响不大。通过调整平台刚度和隔振器刚度,可以将弹性支撑系统对轴系影响控制在标准范围内,保证轴系安全运行。     

弹性支承对船舶轴系的影响分析

船舶推进轴系引起的船体振动问题日益突出,为了减小推进轴系传递给船体的振动,从改变振动传递路径的角度提出一种轴系整体弹性支撑方案。建立有限元模型,改变支撑平台结构刚性和隔振器刚度分别计算轴承基座间相对位移和轴承载荷。所选取的平台方案中,在重力下轴承基座间最大相对位移为1.216 mm。推力作用下当推力大于500 kN时,采用1阶弯曲频率在18.2 Hz及以上的平台方案时,轴承基座间最大相对位移小于0.3 mm,隔振器刚度变化则对轴承载荷影响不大。通过调整平台刚度和隔振器刚度,可以将弹性支撑系统对轴系影响控制在标准范围内,保证轴系安全运行。     

运转状态下推进轴系冲击动力响应分析

舰船推进轴系有可能在运转时遭受水下非接触爆炸冲击,而以往关于冲击响应的研究只是针对非运转状况。运转状态下轴系的冲击响应必须考虑陀螺效应和轴系本身工作载荷的影响。建立了考虑陀螺效应、剪切力、弯矩、支撑轴承油膜力的推进轴系冲击动力学模型。在时间域和空间域分别采用直接积分法和Galerkin有限元法求解方程,得到了系统冲击响应的时间历程。对一工程实例进行解算,得到的主要结论为:陀螺效应即转速对响应的影响明显;工作载荷增大了系统固有频率,使得冲击响应增大,但总的响应不是工作载荷和不考虑工作载荷时冲击响应的绝对值相加;在所提工程实例中,应力响应的大值集中在轴系的两端,即螺旋桨位置和推力轴承位置,最大响应位移在螺旋桨位置。     

水下非接触爆炸时舰船长轴系的冲击响应

利用有限元建模和数值仿真的方法,对某一型船的长轴系进行抗冲击动态分析,得出该轴系在水下非接触爆炸时的位移和力响应,分析了不同冲击输入条件下轴承刚度对抗冲击能力的影响,对轴系抗冲击设计技术有实际指导意义。     

轴承润滑特性对船舶推进轴系校中的影响

径向轴承及推力轴承处边界条件的准确建立是船舶推进轴系校中计算的重点与难点。基于流体动压润滑理论,分析不同运行工况下考虑轴颈倾斜的径向轴承润滑特性,将轴承间隙、油膜厚度、支承基座及船体柔性以等效轴段挠度的形式计入轴系校中过程,并与刚性支承、弹性支承模型计算结果进行对比分析;计算因推力轴段转角、支承基座变形而引起的推力轴承附加力矩,并分析其对轴系校中的影响;建立轴承润滑与轴系校中耦合计算方法。结果表明:由径向轴承间隙、轴颈倾斜而引起的支点位置改变、润滑油膜厚度、推力轴承处附加力矩对轴系校中具有重要影响。     

舰用齿轮箱及推力轴承抗冲击三维数值模拟

采用动态设计分析方法对舰用齿轮箱和推力轴承进行抗冲击性能分析,同时创新性地引入质量控制领域中的[3σ]准则思想,基于齿轮箱和推力轴承冲击作用响应确定齿轮箱和推力轴承的抗冲击危险区域,针对大齿轮传动轴轴承、轴承座、大齿轮传动轴辐板部位、下箱体箱壁交叉处等抗冲击的薄弱环节和危险区域进行结构优化设计,并与原结构进行对比分析。结果显示,适当增加危险区域的板厚,在设备质量仅微量增加的前提下可显著提高舰用齿轮箱的抗冲击能力,所采用的评估体系和流程适用于舰船所有设备的抗冲击性能预测与评估。     

基于有限元的轴系回旋振动响应计算及试验

为更好地了解轴系振动对舰船声辐射的影响,以某台架轴系为研究对象,基于Workbench软件建立仿真分析,对轴系回旋振动涡动频率及响应和轴系振动对轴承基座的影响进行研究。研究表明,有限元法计算所得回旋振动的固有频率与传统的传递矩阵法结果一致。通过轴系激励力的分析,给出有限元法回旋振动响应的分析方法,获取轴系振动的位移响应。提取轴承处频域激励力施加于尾轴承上,得到尾轴承基座上点的振动响应加速度。设计台架测试方案,通过试验验证轴系振动的位移响应和轴承基座振动加速度响应计算的正确性。基于有限元的轴系回旋振动涡动频率及响应提出的计算方法,可为推进轴系振动对舰船声辐射的研究提供一定的理论指导。     

汽轮机轴向位移偏大故障分析与推力轴承改进设计

针对某汽轮机出现汽轮机转子轴向位移偏大的故障,通过理论分析与试验研究,得出转子轴向位移偏大的主要原因。针对这些原因,改进设计并加工了采用PCr Ni3Mo材料的弹性支承板,并将副推力轴承的二销钉支撑结构改为筋板支撑。试验表明,采用新推力轴承的汽轮机运行平稳,未出现转子轴向位移偏大问题。对主推力轴承支承板的结构进行了改进设计,并采用有限元方法进行了数值计算,结果显示改进后的支承板在承受相同载荷时其挠度显著减小。     

基于有限元分析的舰船推进轴系抗冲击性能研究

推进轴系是舰船动力系统的重要部件,决定了舰船动力输出的稳定性和可靠性。在舰船日常运行时,会受到水下爆炸、海浪作用力等动态因素的冲击载荷,导致推进轴系产生振动、变形等问题,进而影响舰船的正常运行。因此,研究动态环境下的舰船推进轴系抗冲击性能有重要意义。本文分析了舰船推进轴系工作时受到的扭振和弯曲振动,研究了舰船结构在水下爆炸下的动态响应,并利用有限元分析技术对舰船推进轴系的抗冲击强度进行校核和仿真分析。本研究对提高舰船推进轴系的抗冲击性能有重要的理论指导意义。     

横摇下弹性安装动力装置联轴器补偿特性

为达到噪声指标，舰船动力装置普遍采用弹性安装，该种方式对横摇工况下动力装置与轴系连接的联轴器补偿量提出了更高的要求。通过建立舰船动力装置-推进轴系全系统有限元模型，提出横摇工况下弹性安装动力装置的联轴器补偿量分析方法，获取不同横摇工况下联轴器补偿量需求，并利用试验台架试验验证了模型的准确性。研究结果表明，联轴器刚度的增大有利于降低摇摆工况下的补偿量要求，但会给邻近的支承轴承增加负荷；在设计弹性安装动力装置-推进系统的联轴器时，应对刚度、补偿量与支承轴承载荷进行协同考虑。研究结果可为低噪声舰船动力装置联轴器设计提供技术支撑。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。     

无人反潜系统自主指挥控制研究

无人反潜系统的指挥控制问题是关系其具备实际作战能力的主要问题之一。论文在分析无人反潜系统指控原理和其自主指控水平分级的基础上,采用可变自主控制结构,研究了无人反潜系统分级可变自主指控实现的方法。该方法可赋予无人反潜系统可变的指挥控制自主性,使其在工作环境中能够实时评估自身的自主能力,并主动引入人工干预。这种具备人机智能融合特性的自主指挥控制方法更适应无人反潜系统在复杂战场环境中实战化的需求。