钢/尼龙夹层板抗爆性能研究

舰船结构在战斗中会受到炮弹与子弹的撞击,同时也面临炸药产生冲击波带来的损伤。钢/尼龙夹层板具有优良的抗爆性能,使得战舰在冲击过程中大大减少结构的破坏;钢/尼龙夹层板是一种具有较高比刚度与比强度的结构,本文使用有限元模拟软件分析比较了钢板与钢/尼龙夹层板在冲击波作用下的吸能情况和不同结构形式夹层板在相同冲击波作用下的响应情况,并将夹层板与同等质量钢板的吸能进行分析比较,结果表明钢/尼龙夹层板具有更好的吸能效果。当夹层板总厚度一定时,夹层板的厚度比与其对应的比变形之间存在幂函数的关系。     

船用钢/聚氨酯夹层板动态压缩本构关系研究

基于Ansys/LS-DYNA对SHPB实验技术进行了数值模拟,分析了不同厚度比的钢/聚氨酯夹层板在多种应变率下的动态压缩力学性能,在此基础上分别基于ZWT模型和Johnson-Cook模型建立了此类夹层板的动态压缩本构方程,并对2种方程进行对比分析。研究表明,钢/聚氨酯夹层板对应变率非常敏感,屈服强度随应变率的增大而显著提高;基于Johnson-Cook模型构建的钢/聚氨酯夹层板动态压缩本构方程能比较精确的描述不同厚度比的钢/聚氨酯夹层板在高应变率下的应力应变关系,方程具有一般性且精度较高。     

复合夹层板弯曲挠度的一种近似计算方法

基于Hoff夹层板理论对夹层板弯曲挠度计算提出一种近似计算方法,将夹层板的面板和芯材在横向载荷作用下产生的挠度值分别计算,然后合成相加得到夹层板的总挠度分布。避免了引入夹层板截面转角这两个未知量,仅应用单层薄板的挠度解即可求得夹层板挠度的分布。算例表明,当面板厚度与芯材厚度之比小于<0.67时,本方法计算出的挠度值与Hoff理论的计算结果误差很小,可以替代Hoff理论来进行夹层板挠度的计算。     

基于简化Zig-zag模型的钢聚氨酯夹层板屈曲分析

本文提出一种简化的高阶Zig-zag理论,即面板采用一阶剪切变形理论,芯材采用Reddy高阶剪切变形理论,建立钢聚氨酯夹层板在面内压缩载荷作用下的屈曲分析模型。考虑夹层板作为船舶舱口盖的受力特性,利用Matlab和有限元软件Ansys分别求出在面内压缩载荷作用下的钢聚氨酯夹层板的屈曲临界载荷,理论解与仿真值吻合度较高并分析几何参数对结构稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,在考虑结构重量的前提下,增加芯材即聚氨酯的厚度能较好的提高结构的稳性。     

夹层板面内连接结构力学性能数值仿真分析

夹层板连接结构始终制约着夹层板在船体结构中的大规模应用。为推进夹层板连接结构的研究设计,以夹层板面内连接结构为研究对象,研究面内连接结构屈服强度、稳定性、极限强度分析的力学模型,然后从建模方式、单元类型、网格尺寸、加载速率、初始缺陷等多个方面研究面内连接结构力学性能数值仿真分析技术。通过研究确定:采用Shell-Shell-Contact建模方式,可以提高计算效率和计算精度;网格尺寸的选取应以计算资源作为主要考虑因素;可采用小尺寸板条模型研究极限强度,加载时间为5~10 T(T为结构固有周期)范围内可提高计算效率和计算精度;施加5%板壳厚度的初始缺陷,可在极限抗压能力分析时引导结构进入一阶屈曲模态。     

对玻璃钢积层板和夹层板公式的探讨

在《玻璃纤维增强塑料渔业船舶建造规范》2008中,积层板及夹层板蒙皮厚度计算公式中的设计衡准参数存在理论缺陷,夹层板厚度计算公式不能充分体现夹层板各组分力学性能与彼此厚度之间的匹配关系。鉴于此,笔者依据复合梁原理,将积层板视为夹层板特例,提出积层板与夹层板的统一公式。此公式虽较各向异性板的弹性力学求解法粗略,但仍能体现夹层板各组分力学性能与厚度的匹配关系。经算例计算,统一公式计算值与LR《特规》相当接近,因此统一公式可用于玻璃钢船体设计。     

横向载荷作用下夹层梁力学性能分析

在经典的梁弯曲理论基础上,通过对横向载荷作用下的夹层梁微元的受力分析,建立了夹层梁的力平衡方程和各层之间的变形协调方程,用解析的方法求出了表层正应力和层间剪应力表达式,并与三维有限元计算结果进行了比较,应力值的大小和分布都吻合较好.另外,还应用上述的解析法,讨论了夹芯的剪切模量、厚度对夹层梁抗弯刚度和层间剪应力的影响.     

基于Zig-Zag模型夹层板振动与声传输特性数值模拟研究

基于Zig-Zag变形假定和板Mindlin一阶剪切理论,建立了复合材料夹层板有限元动力单元模型,分别对上、下面板和芯体建立了三个独立坐标系,考虑各部分转角变量独立,为具有厚夹芯和软夹芯的复合材料夹层板的动力分析提供了一种更为准确的有限元模型.采用有限元/边界元方法,建立了嵌在无限大障板上夹层板声传输的计算模型.通过推导的模型编制计算机程序,针对典型结构研究分析了芯板材料参数和厚度的变化对结构的动力特性的影响,并研究分析了在平面声波入射和混响声场入射情况下夹层板芯层材料参数、芯层厚度的变化对传声损失的影响.数值计算结果揭示了夹层板的动力特性和传声特性,对改善夹层板的力学和声学特性提供依据,对夹层板的设计有一定的指导意义.     

激光焊接夹层甲板板格强度计算的子模型方法

提出了基于有限元软件ANSYS的激光焊接钢质夹层甲板板格结构强度计算的子模型方法。分别对考虑激光焊接焊缝缺陷的I型夹层板格结构的壳单元计算模型和体单元子模型进行强度分析,并与全部体单元模型的芯层与上下面板连接处及面板中部处应力分布计算结果进行对比,验证壳单元计算模型和子模型方法用于计算夹层甲板板格强度的正确性。计算结果表明,对强度特征关注区域,可建立多个体单元子模型,确定子模型边界影响区域范围,从而可较为准确地评估夹层甲板板格结构强度特性,包括焊缝处应力分布。壳单元计算模型可获得较为精确的板格变形值,但无法考虑激光焊接焊缝缺陷,获得的焊缝处最大应力值明显偏小。     

冲击波和破片联合作用下I型夹层板毁伤仿真

基于非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA,通过在TNT炸药底部布置预制破片模拟战斗部爆炸产生的冲击波与破片联合作用载荷,计算3种TNT炸药当量下I型夹层板的毁伤响应,分析冲击波单独作用及冲击波与破片联合作用下I型夹层板失效模式的差异,研究夹层板芯层配置以及上、下面板厚度配置对其失效模式的影响,并与等效实体板的抗毁伤性能进行对比。同时,从吸能的角度分析不同载荷工况下I型夹层板的吸能特性。数值仿真结果表明:在冲击波与破片联合作用下,结构的毁伤程度远大于冲击波单独作用时;当载荷强度较小时,I型夹层板的抗毁伤性能优于等效实体板;载荷强度、载荷类型(冲击波单独作用或冲击波与破片联合作用)及上、下面板厚度配置对I型夹层板的失效模式有较大影响;从吸能特性来看,在冲击波单独作用下,上面板和芯层是主要的吸能构件,而在冲击波与破片联合作用下,上面板和下面板是主要的吸能构件。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。