长江下游湖口—南京分汊河段最大稳定航深研究*

长江经济带快速发展对长江下游航道尺度提出更高要求,探明该段航道自然禀赋条件下的最大稳定航深对航道规划和开发潜力研究具有重要意义。考虑到长江下游湖口—南京河段多为分汊河道的河势特征,基于稳定航深估算法提出汊道稳定航深计算方法。计算了典型碍航汊道最大稳定航深,得到了各河段汊道稳定航深与分流比的关系。结果表明：4个典型碍航汊道自然禀赋条件下的最大稳定航深分别为11.2 m（马当南水道右槽）、9.6 m（东流西港）、12.0 m（贵池中港）、15.7 m（江心洲主汊）。     

长江下游东流水道6m水深工程治理思路及方案设计

东流水道历来是长江下游重点浅险水道之一,水道内汊道众多,滩槽变化剧烈,主支汊转换较为频繁。经过前期不断治理,航道条件逐步改善,但仍难达到6 m水深的规划标准。为给东流水道6 m水深工程提供技术支撑,通过分析东流水道河床演变特点及碍航特性,提出治理思路和方案;建立物理模型,对6 m水深工程方案效果进行分析。研究表明,整治方案实施后,东流水道可实现6.0 m×110 m×1050 m设计航道尺度,在不利水文年份须进行少量维护性疏浚,同时随着工程效果的发挥及河道的自然演变,西港航道条件将进一步改善,为后续进一步提升航道尺度奠定基础。     

长江下游东流水道整治工程效果分析

东流水道历来是长江下游重点浅险水道之一,近年来受三峡蓄水的影响,该河段枯水期航道尺度难以保证。本文基于东流二期整治工程,对工程实施后的河段变化进行分析、总结,得到该河段的碍航特性,以及该水道在工程实施后的变化情况,为下一阶段的研究奠定基础。     

福姜沙水道深水航道整治思路及工程布置

福姜沙河段目前呈三汊通航趋势,海轮航道走福南水道,江轮航道走福中水道,福北水道—如皋中汊为地方专用航道,目前三汊水深条件都不满足12.5 m深水航道要求尺度,为此必须进行整治。分析各汊道碍航情况及各汊道整治难度。针对各汊道碍航特性,提出整治原则及整治思路,在分析各汊道分流格局、水深条件、碍航特性等的基础上,提出整治工程平面布置形式。     

重点治理河段抛泥区选址分析

以长江下游重点治理及维护河段福姜沙河段为例,通过分析福姜沙各汊道航道碍航特性及治理思路,提出将疏浚弃土抛卸于淤积对航道条件有利的整治守护区,可促进航道整治效果的发挥,丰富了疏浚弃土的处理途径,具有应用推广意义。     

长江下游安庆水道河床演变和航道整治思路

文章对安庆水道在三峡工程蓄水前后的演变规律进行了分析,表明自然条件下洲滩周期性变化,河道汊道条件变化较为剧烈,航道条件时好时差,稳定性较差。三峡蓄水后,安庆河段演变规律保持不变,在新洲向右淤长的发展趋势下,左汊进口航道条件向不利方向发展。在河势控制工程实施后,一定程度上改变了新中汊边界条件,河道的周期性演变有所趋缓,有利于维持当前的三汊格局。在总结河段碍航特性的基础上,提出了限制新中汊发展,调整分流、稳定洲滩和束水冲槽的整治思路,以期解决安庆河段的碍航问题。     

长江下游黑沙洲水道航道整治二期工程模型试验研究

黑沙洲水道是长江下游重点碍航水道之一。一期整治工程实施后,航道条件得到改善,但遇不利水文条件时,航道淤积严重,需进一步实施二期整治工程措施缓解航道维护压力。通过分析该河段的河道演变和碍航特征,采用动床模型试验的研究手段,对航道整治二期工程初设阶段的工程方案进行了系统研究,提出推荐方案。推荐方案实施后,黑沙洲水道河势基本保持不变;南水道右槽航道分流比增加,浅区冲刷,航道条件得到有效改善。     

长江下游口岸直水道鳗鱼沙浅滩深水航道整治方案初探

鳗鱼沙浅滩位于长江下游口岸直水道,属顺直宽浅水下分汊型沙质浅滩。顺直宽浅的河道属性使鳗鱼沙心滩和 左、右两槽不稳定,年际间滩槽冲淤变化较大,甚至出现滩槽易位的现象,是长江下游深水航道主要的碍航浅滩。基于河 床演变分析和模型试验相结合的方法,分析鳗鱼沙浅滩近期演变特征以及浅滩成因,确立了维持水下分汊的整治思路,提 出江中实施龟背状潜格坝群的整治工程措施,并进行整治工程方案实施前后对比试验,分析研究整治工程方案实施后对航 道条件的改善以及对工程河段河势可能产生的影响。     

长江中游牯牛沙水道河床演变及碍航特性分析

以牯牛沙水道为例,重点分析了弯曲河段的演变过程和碍航特点。通过分析牯牛沙水道的演变过程、演变影响因素、演变趋势及碍航特性等,揭示滩槽演变的规律,探讨航道整治一期工程前后的碍航特性变化,并对一期工程实施后航道条件不稳定的具体原因进行分析,在此基础上,提出二期工程的整治思路和方案。     

长江下游马当南水道近期河床演变分析与治理方案研究

马当南水道是长江下游重点碍航水道,受三峡清水下泄和近年来人为采砂影响,河段内棉外洲洲滩及左槽冲刷趋势加剧,导致右槽主航槽航道条件恶化。本文在分析马当南水道已实施整治工程效果和近年来的滩槽变化基础上,对滩段未来的河床演变趋势进行分析,提出了初步的治理方案,为该河段航道条件的长期稳定和航道尺度提升进行一定的技术探索。     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.