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1.
1.国际运费衍生市场 为了规避运价波动的风险,国际航运界先后创设过多种运费衍生工具.  相似文献   

2.
席培  余思勤 《水运管理》2011,33(1):25-27,35
为推动远期运费协议(FFA)的应用,从航运市场运费风险规避的角度出发,分析套期保值、投机和套利等3种FFA投资策略以及基本面分析、技术分析这2种交易分析手段,以期通过掌握正确的投资策略和操作方法,在FFA市场上实现理想目标。  相似文献   

3.
张瓅鸣 《水运管理》2013,(12):13-15
为应对当前钢铁企业签订包运租船合同(COA)带来的高运输成本风险,金融衍生工具的运用显得至关重要.通过对远期运费协议(FFA)和油品套期保值产品两种航运金融衍生工具的特点及操作进行研究,并结合当前钢铁企业在签订COA合同情况下,对固定价格掉期、看涨期权和零成本上下期权等3种套期保值产品的应用进行比较.结果表明,钢铁企业应根据风险评估,选择不同的航运金融衍生工具,以有效控制成本,减少损失.  相似文献   

4.
本文通过简要介绍海运运费衍生品中的远期运费协议(FFA),指明航运企业必须了解、掌握并合理运用FFA的套期保值功能,以便企业能更好生存发展。航运市场作为世界贸易的派生市场,随着世界经济、政治、环境、突发事件等影响会产生巨大波动。为规避航运风险,海运运费衍生品随之诞生,它们作为一种金融工具在航运企业的经营中产生了巨大的效益。  相似文献   

5.
分析干散货远期运费协议(FFA)概念、功能、与现货市场的关系及风险因素,阐述其在全球金融危机后的发展趋势,指出我国航运企业在干散货FFA市场中存在风险意识薄弱、风险控制方法欠缺等问题,提出管理风险对策:充分认识、评估FFA风险,构建FFA经营风险控制体系;提高风险控制意识,坚守套期保值操作;提高风险辨识、度量准确度,建立高效的预警机制和处理机制。  相似文献   

6.
孙岩 《世界海运》2014,(1):19-25
<正>FFA(Forward Freight Agreement,远期运费协议)作为近十年来出现的航运业金融衍生产品,已经把干散货运输业的市场操作由传统的冷兵器拉入了热兵器时代。对干散货运输业的参与者来说,如何正确理解FFA对现货市场的影响,进而科学地运用该工具为自身生产经营服务,已经成为不得不面对的课题。  相似文献   

7.
航运市场运费套期保值方法探讨   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
蒋惠园  王晚香 《中国航海》2003,(2):47-49,54
分析研究了2种运费套期保值方法远期运价协议和运价指数期货合约,通过典型案例论证了租船人和船东都能利用这2种方法,锁定运费收入或支出,从而规避运价风险的目的;同时对这2种方法进行了分析比较,指出运价指数期货合约具有灵活性且安全的特点,但二者费用有差异,运价指数期货合约需要一定的保证金,实际费用等于经纪人的佣金(通常为0.3%)加上现金保证金的利息。  相似文献   

8.
一、波罗的海运价指数是航运市场衍生性商品交易的基础 运费衍生品交易必须以波罗的海运价指数组成航线为信息参考,所以波罗的海运价指数是航运市场衍生性商品交易的基础.  相似文献   

9.
FFA(Forward Freight Agreements)为远期运费协议,协议规定了具体的航线、价格、数量、价格日期、交割价格计算方法等,双方约定在未来某一时点,收取或支付依据波罗的海的官方运费指数价格与合同约定价格的运费差额。现货市场是实货交易,而FFA交易的是纸货,即交易对象是纸面上的运费,它是一种运费的衍生物。FFA最早由Clarkson在1991年首次提出,先应用于干散货航线,以后又逐步扩大到油轮航线。  相似文献   

10.
航运金融衍生品是以航运运费指数为基础的金融产品,它融合了航运市场的特点,是航运企业用来规避运费波动风险的一种避险工具。文章主要是通过对中国元素航运金融衍生产品的简述,然后依据现实数据与材料进行分析,分别对该类金融衍生产品对我国航运市场所产生的积极与消极影响进行阐述,同时提出相应的建议。  相似文献   

11.
Since paper freight-hedging tools were introduced to counter volatile tanker freight rates, the hesitant uptake of tanker Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs) has been attributed to traditional risk seeking propensities amongst tanker owners, naturally reluctant to hedge against risk. To test how far the well-documented generic determinants and incentives for corporate hedging could explain this hesitation in the tanker market, the attitudes of tanker owners and charterers towards freight hedging, risk and perceptions of FFAs, were surveyed. Although FFAs were widely viewed as an important development, some respondents were unaware of their function and a majority had not used them. The link between freight hedging activity and participants' risk aversion was not clear-cut, but with market liquidity critical to raising FFA usage improved technical education is essential to widespread acceptance  相似文献   

12.
FFA在航运市场风险管理中的应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
张建  杨永志 《世界海运》2006,29(5):36-37
随着国际干散货贸易的繁荣和运价波动性的加大,在过去几年里FFA市场也得到较大发展。分析国际干散货航运市场的不确定性,介绍远期运费协议(FFA)的含义及其在国际干散货航运市场中的发展情况,探讨FFA风险管理的作用,最后,面对航运市场较大的波动性,提出中国船东和租家必须学会利用FFA这一新的工具进行风险管理的建议。  相似文献   

13.
王晓惠 《世界海运》2001,24(5):46-47
通过对试行的运价报备制度的作用与实质的分析提出了在目前国际集装箱运输市场以运价报备制度作为运价管理模式是合适的。运价报备制度比传统的各种运价管理模式刚性小、易于被业界各方接受,又可以作为国家宏观管理的一种政策手段,为长期稳定集装箱运价起到积极的作用,在目前运价全面放开的市场背景下还可以作为一种新运价管理模式。  相似文献   

14.
The simulations performed show that demand for quality tankers has to increase by 30% for a two-tier tanker market to emerge. The two-tier freight structure will only last for 3-5 years due to contracting induced by higher freight rates. This means that OPA does not by itself result in higher freight rates for tankers that comply with the requirements. If Western Europe also closes their trades to substandard tankers, a two-tier market emerges and quality tankers obtain a premium. The paper presents a simulation model for international tanker markets. The non-linear complementary equilibrium model solves for a sequence of static equilibria in segmented tanker freight markets, shipbuilding and scrapping markets. Freight markets are segmented according to quality requirements for tankers. The model specifies three tanker classes and one quality tankers can operate both market segments.  相似文献   

15.
The simulations performed show that demand for quality tankers has to increase by 30% for a two-tier tanker market to emerge. The two-tier freight structure will only last for 3–5 years due to contracting induced by higher freight rates. This means that OPA does not by itself result in higher freight rates for tankers that comply with the requirements. If Western Europe also closes their trades to substandard tankers, a two-tier market emerges and quality tankers obtain a premium. The paper presents a simulation model for international tanker markets. The non-linear complementary equilibrium model solves for a sequence of static equilibria in segmented tanker freight markets, shipbuilding and scrapping markets. Freight markets are segmented according to quality requirements for tankers. The model specifies three tanker classes and one—quality tankers—can operate both market segments.  相似文献   

16.
关于长江水路货运发展的思考   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
韩艳红  陆玉麒 《水道港口》2006,27(1):60-62,68
近年来长江水路货运增长势头快,货运成为了长江航运的主体。对于货运业来说,长江作为黄金水道的意义更加明显,因而研究长江货运建设思路具有十分重大的意义。该文先分析了长江水系货运市场的现状,在挖掘长江货运所存在问题的基础之上,提出了长江货运建设的思路。  相似文献   

17.
Shipping indexes have attracted many researchers because they reflect the overall trend of corresponding seaborne markets and can provide implications for the future. Apart from the Baltic Dry Bulk Index (BDI) and correlated indices, the China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) has been gaining more attention. As a country with large-scale manufacturing, China is an important exporting country and the CCFI was chosen to reflect the container shipping market because the data are more convincing and representative. There have been no systematic attempts to understand the seasonality patterns of container freights. Seasonality patterns reveal the regular fluctuation patterns within a 1-year period. They exist in time series, which are observed more than once a year, like the CCFI. To investigate the nature of seasonality (stochastic and/or deterministic) in container freight rates across different line services, we analyze the CCFI. This paper uses the HEGY method and Monte Carlo method comprehensively to figure out the small sample problem. In addition, seasonal dummy variables are used to test deterministic seasonality. Except for the Japan service series, which contains a half-year unit root, the other container freight rates seem to only involve a non-seasonal unit root at the zero frequency. Deterministic seasonality exists in all the line service series. Furthermore, the seasonality depends on the balance between supply and demand. Under this premise, the seasonal law of freight rates is much obvious.  相似文献   

18.
The main result of this article is that freight rates and second hand prices in the dry bulk market seem to be stationary. By unit-root tests, an established tool for testing for random walk in economic time series, the random walk hypothesis can be rejected in most cases for the freight rate samples. This result is in contrast to the findings of a number of papers during the 1990s. However, the results confirm classical shipping market models that indicate stationarity in freight rates, which is not the case if the freight rates follow a random walk. By transforming all observations from US$ to Japanese yen detrended freight rates and prices seem to become stationary and volatility is reduced.  相似文献   

19.
The main result of this article is that freight rates and second hand prices in the dry bulk market seem to be stationary. By unit-root tests, an established tool for testing for random walk in economic time series, the random walk hypothesis can be rejected in most cases for the freight rate samples. This result is in contrast to the findings of a number of papers during the 1990s. However, the results confirm classical shipping market models that indicate stationarity in freight rates, which is not the case if the freight rates follow a random walk. By transforming all observations from US$ to Japanese yen detrended freight rates and prices seem to become stationary and volatility is reduced.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the cyclical nature of container shipping market represented by a containerized freight index and proposes a predictive cyclical model of the market. In contrast to the traditional spectral analysis (univariate), system dynamics reflect the drivers of the market in both supply and demand side, and therefore, it is a multi-variate system equilibrium approach consisting of various causal spillovers from sub-components of the market. This study is the first to analyze the cycle of container market using system dynamics. By utilizing system dynamics cyclicality approach, one-step ahead predictions are generated for monthly containerized freight index and compared to conventional benchmarks for post-sample validation. Our study can also help policymakers and shipping liners for better management and invest timing of container ship.  相似文献   

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