管路-圆柱壳耦合振动功率流与声辐射特性研究

管路-内含铺板圆柱壳耦合结构是潜艇、鱼雷等水下航行器装备中的典型结构,为研究管路与圆柱壳结构耦合振动噪声传递的特性,论文采用阻抗综合法,利用耦合点处力与位移连续条件,建立管路-支撑-圆柱壳耦合结构振动计算模型。管路采用考虑流固耦合以及剪切变形的"十四方程"理论,从振动功率流传播视角研究管路系统向内含铺板圆柱壳振动传递的特性,并用边界元软件计算耦合结构远场辐射声功率。计算结果表明:充液管路各簇振动功率流分布与幅值随频率、管路支撑位置而变化,且管路系统输入功率流与耦合系统远场辐射声功率相关。研究结果可为管路系统从能量流角度进行振动控制提供参考。     

梁结构耦合点的振动功率传播

本文详细讨论了多根梁耦合点的振动功率传播特性.耦合点采用刚体质量来模拟.采用波动分析法研究纵向波或弯曲波入射半无限梁结构耦合点的传播.首先根据耦合点的平衡条件和连续条件,得到了波动方程中的幅值.然后建立了波动幅值和振动功率之间的关系,并得到振动功率反射和传播系数.反射和传播系数确定为振动频率和耦台角度的函数.算例计算了二叉梁的反射系数和传播系数,分析了耦合角度和振动频率以及是否计及耦合点质量对反射系数和传播系数的影响,得到了一些有价值的结论,对于振动控制和结构优化设计具有重要的意义.     

基于Hamilton理论的压电材料智能叠层板的固有频率分析

根据压电材料修正后的Hellinger-Reissner(H-R)变分原理,推导了各向异性压电材料Hamiltonian等参元的一般形式,应用该等参元分析了具有机电耦合效应的正交异性叠层板的自由振动问题.首先将叠层板的压电层和主体层看作独立的三维体,应用Hamiltonian等参元离散各层,分别建立了各层的方程;考虑到主体层和压电层连接界面上广义应力和广义位移的连续性,联立两者的方程得到整体结构的控制方程.以四边固支的矩形叠层板为例进行了的数值分析,并与有关文献的结果进行了比较.     

内部含基座的加筋双层壳振动与声辐射计算

研究内部含基座的加筋双层壳振动声辐射问题.壳体的振动方程用Flügge壳体理论描述,壳体与基座结构通过接触面上离散的节点耦合,基座对壳体的振动传递力用有限元方法计算,然后将其引入壳体振动方程,最后求解双壳体声-流体-结构耦合方程,计算结果用辐射声功率和表面振动均方速度级的形式表示.结果表明:基座降低了壳体的振动及声辐射,增加基座面板厚度以及基座长度均能有效降低壳体的辐射噪声,这对水下结构的减振降噪设计具有重要的指导意义.     

基于流固耦合的U型管流致振动数值分析

利用ANSYS＋CFX双向耦合的方法对换热器U型管的流致振动问题进行仿真分析。分别建立大涡模拟的流体控制方程和结构振动的控制方程,得到掠过U型管流体的升力系数、阻力系数曲线以及U型管振动加速度级谱线。分析表明,结构振动的主要频率成分在流体升力和阻力变化频率和结构本身的固有频率附近,可为工程实践提供参考,具有理论和实践价值。     

压电层合柔性梁振动主动控制

智能材料因其低质量、宽频带和强适应性等特点,在柔性结构振动主动控制方面有了极大的应用.基于Mindlin一阶剪切变形理论,考虑机电耦合作用,推导了含电势自由度的4节点四边形压电层合板/壳单元的有限元列式,并对含压电层的典型柔性结构的动力特性进行了分析.采用精细积分法计算结构的状态空间响应,用线性二次型调节器( LQR)方法设计输出反馈控制器,实现了压电层合柔性梁的振动主动控制.     

中厚耦合板结构的振动特性分析

基于Mindlin板理论,采用改进傅立叶级数的方法对任意弹性边界条件和耦合条件下的耦合板进行了振动分析。为建立通用的结构模型,在耦合板结构的耦合边上均匀布置六种类型线性约束弹簧模拟耦合条件,在非耦合边上布置五种类型的线性约束弹簧模拟边界条件。耦合板结构的弯曲振动位移函数和面内振动位移函数表示为标准的二维傅立叶余弦级数和辅助级数的线性组合,通过辅助级数的引入,解决了位移导数在边界不连续的问题。利用Hamilton原理建立求解方程,推导出中厚耦合板结构的振动控制方程的矩阵表达式,通过求解矩阵方程可以得到耦合板结构的固有频率和响应。通过数值仿真分析计算,并与有限元结果和实验进行比较,验证了该方法的准确性。     

冰区航行船舶电力推进轴系机电耦合的扭振分析

通过螺旋桨桨叶与冰块的相互作用过程,建立单冰块对螺旋桨扭转振动的激励函数;同时建立机电耦合振动数学模型,推导得到机电耦联动力学方程,研究电机电磁激励力对扭转振动的影响。以3500吨科考船电力推进轴系为研究对象,基于冰载荷激励力和电磁激励力对轴系扭转振动进行分析,为复杂的船舶电力推进轴系在冰区航行时的振动研究奠定了基础。     

叶轮与轴耦合振动的传递矩阵法分析及仿真计算

用传递矩阵法分析了带整圈围带的叶轮这一类周期结构的振动,给出了自然频率,自然模态和动响应的方程;进而分析了轴的扭转振动和叶轮振动的耦合关系,给出了耦合振动的传递矩阵,并进行了实例仿真计算.     

纯压电振子的多维耦合换能器理论

本文用表观弹性法推导了各种压电振子的二维和三维耦合振动理论，并给出了各振子的总导纳方程、多维耦合下的机电转换系数等。由总导纳方程计算了频率常数随振子几何尺寸的变化曲线，所得结果与有限差分法和有限元法的结果相当吻合。     

开口结构声辐射计算的虚拟边界法

计算薄壁开口结构声辐射问题时,一般采用以结构表面压力差作为变量的间接边界元法.当结构两表面的法向量不一致或者两表而振动速度不相等时,间接边界元法无法应用,只能采用直接边界元对结构的内外边界均进行离散求解.对于厚度较小的结构,内外表面均离散的直接边界元法会导致数值积分奇异的困难.针对上述不足,文章提出一种计算开口结构声辐射问题的虚拟边界法:在开口结构上人为地加上边界,使其成为一个或多个相互独立的封闭结构,对这样的封闭结构分内外声场分别建立方程,并利用虚拟边界上的压力和速度连续条件联立求解,从而避免了间接边界元和直接边界元法计算开口结构声辐射问题时存在的缺陷;同时采用文中的方法还可以同时得到声场中非物面边界上质点的振动速度和压力,这是常规边界元法无法做到的.数值算例表明文中的方法是正确可行的.     

Monolithic coupling of the pressure and rigid body motion equations in computational marine hydrodynamics

In Fluid Structure Interaction(FSI) problems encountered in marine hydrodynamics, the pressure field and the velocity of the rigid body are tightly coupled. This coupling is traditionally resolved in a partitioned manner by solving the rigid body motion equations once per nonlinear correction loop, updating the position of the body and solving the fluid flow equations in the new configuration. The partitioned approach requires a large number of nonlinear iteration loops per time–step. In order to enhance the coupling, a monolithic approach is proposed in Finite Volume(FV) framework,where the pressure equation and the rigid body motion equations are solved in a single linear system. The coupling is resolved by solving the rigid body motion equations once per linear solver iteration of the pressure equation, where updated pressure field is used to calculate new forces acting on the body, and by introducing the updated rigid body boundary velocity in to the pressure equation. In this paper the monolithic coupling is validated on a simple 2D heave decay case. Additionally, the method is compared to the traditional partitioned approach(i.e. "strongly coupled" approach) in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy. The comparison is performed on a seakeeping case in regular head waves, and it shows that the monolithic approach achieves similar accuracy with fewer nonlinear correctors per time–step. Hence, significant savings in computational time can be achieved while retaining the same level of accuracy.     

基于Bech模型的船舶航向离散变结构控制

采用带不确定项的Bech模型可以更好地反映船舶运动的非线性特性以及不确定因素对船舶运动的影响。在Bech模型中增加不确定项，采用离散变结构控制理论设计船舶航向控制器。针对传统设计方法稳态抖振的缺点，提出一种新型的离散趋近律，可以消除传统趋近律自身参数导致的抖振。设计扰动估计器，能够自适应估计不确定因素对系统的影响，只要不确定因素的变化率有界，即可保证闭环系统的鲁棒稳定性，特别是对于幔变不确定性，具有很高的估计精度。仿真结果表明，所设计的离散变结构控制器可以快速准确地跟踪设定航向，并对参数摄动和外部干扰具有很强的鲁棒性。     

利用AGM求解粘弹性地基刚性梁的非线性控制微分方程（英文）

In the present paper a vibrational differential equation governing on a rigid beam on viscoelastic foundation has been investigated. The nonlinear differential equation governing on this vibrating system is solved by a simple and innovative approach, which has been called Akbari-Ganji’s method(AGM). AGM is a very suitable computational process and is usable for solving various nonlinear differential equations. Moreover, using AGM which solving a set of algebraic equations, complicated nonlinear equations can easily be solved without any mathematical operations.Also, the damping ratio and energy lost per cycle for three cycles have been investigated. Furthermore, comparisons have been made between the obtained results by numerical method(Runk45) and AGM. Results showed the high accuracy of AGM. The results also showed that by increasing the amount of initial amplitude of vibration(A), the value of damping ratio will be increased, and the energy lost per cycle decreases by increasing the number of cycle. It is concluded that AGM is a reliable and precise approach for solving differential equations. On the other hand, it is better to say that AGM is able to solve linear and nonlinear differential equations directly in most of the situations. This means that the final solution can be obtained without any dimensionless procedure.Therefore, AGM can be considered as a significant progress in nonlinear sciences.     

空中爆炸下舰船桅杆结构变形及破裂的数值模拟

对某舰的桅杆结构及相关甲板，用Lagrange单元进行模拟，桅杆周围、内部的空气用Euler单元进行模拟，Lagrange单元和Euler单元耦合界面采用一般耦合方法。运用动力有限元软件MSC／DYTRAN中的多欧拉-拉格朗日耦合方法，欧拉方程求解时使用具有二阶精度的Roe求解器，用MSC／PATRAN进行前后处理，模拟出了桅杆结构在空中爆炸作用下的变形及破裂。在破口处，冲击波传入桅杆内部，使内部空气压力发生变化。数值分析表明，应变率对结构非线性变形影响较大，计算中应当予以考虑。     

水下方盒结构振动与声辐射相关性研究

针对水下结构振动与声辐射的耦合问题,重点研究了水下方盒结构在简谐激励作用下结构振动和声辐射间的相关性.在计算结构声振响应时,采用有限元结合边界元的算法,即在考虑流固耦合影响下采用有限元法计算结构的振动响应,在此基础上采用边界元法求解无限介质中的Helmhohz方程,从而求得结构的辐射声场.在结构振动和声辐射响应的基础上,计算了几个典型位置声辐射与激励点振动间的关联系数,讨论了它们的关联性.最后得出结论:除了激励源附近位置外,声辐射与结构振动间的关联性是很强的.     

船用推进轴系统扭转和横向振动耦合效应（英文）

In this study,the coupled torsional-transverse vibration of a propeller shaft system owing to the misalignment caused by the shaft rotation was investigated.The proposed numerical model is based on the modified version of the Jeffcott rotor model.The equation of motion describing the harmonic vibrations of the system was obtained using the Euler-Lagrange equations for the associated energy functional.Experiments considering different rotation speeds and axial loads acting on the propulsion shaft system were performed to verify the numerical model.The effects of system parameters such as shaft length and diameter,stiffness and damping coefficients,and cross-section eccentricity were also studied.The cross-section eccentricity increased the displacement response,yet coupled vibrations were not initially observed.With the increase in the eccentricity,the interaction between two vibration modes became apparent,and the agreement between numerical predictions and experimental measurements improved.Given the results,the modified version of the Jeffcott rotor model can represent the coupled torsional-transverse vibration of propulsion shaft systems.     

船舶对称响应的非线性水弹性微分分析法

本文给出了一个预报波浪诱导的船舶垂向运动和结构总体动响应的非线性时域水弹性力学微分分析法，这一理论是控制论的分析方法应用于船体与流体非线性相互作用研究领域的尝试，其流固耦合系统的非线性时域水动作用过程（含记忆效应）由一阶非齐次偏微分方程组来描述，理论预报与Ｓ１７５弹性材料船模型实验比较，结果令人满意。     

Validation of a dynamic mooring model coupled with a RANS solver

Standard design procedures and simulation tools for marine structures are aimed primarily for use by the offshore oil and gas. Mooring system restoring forces acting on floating offshore structures are obtained from a quasi-static mooring model alone or from a coupled analysis based on potential flow solvers that do not always consider nonlinear mooring-induced restoring forces, fluid structure interactions, and associated hydrodynamic damping effects. This paper presents the validation of a dynamic mooring system analysis technique that couples the dynamic mooring model with a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations solver. We coupled a dynamic mooring model with a RANS equations solver, and analyzed a moored floating buoy in calm water, regular and irregular waves and validated our motion and mooring force predictions against experimental measurements. The mooring system consisted of three catenary chains. The analyzed response comprised decaying oscillating buoy motions, linear and quadratic damping characteristics, and tensile forces in mooring lines. The generally favorable comparison of predicted buoy motions and mooring forces to experimental data confirmed the reliability of our implemented coupling technique to predict system response. Additional comparative results from a potential flow solver demonstrated the benefits of the coupled dynamic mooring model with RANS equations. The successful validated tool of coupling the dynamic mooring model with the RANS solver is available as open source, and it shows the potential of the coupled methodology to be used for analyzing the moored offshore structures.