基于虚拟现实的船舶制冷动态仿真系统的开发

针对轮机模拟器在船舶制冷仿真训练方面过于简化的问题,对某集装箱船制冷系统采用移动边界法和流体网络法建立系统的数学仿真模型,运用VC++的MFC开发系统的二维可视化仿真界面,基于3ds Max建立系统的三维物理模型,并采用细节层次技术(LOD)对模型进行优化,再进一步导入OGRE视景引擎中实时渲染。仿真结果表明:船舶制冷动态仿真系统能够实现冰机间与冷库的三维虚拟漫游,实现在二维端和三维端的人机交互操作等功能,可用于船员对船舶制冷系统的针对性学习和培训。     

基于Vega Prime的ROV柔性脐带缆动态模拟

模拟柔性脐带缆在深海作业环境中的动态形态变化是构建遥控潜器（ROV）作业视景仿真系统的重点和难点之一。由于柔性脐带缆在海流作用下受力情况复杂、运动形态多变,利用现有成熟的视景仿真软件难以做到逼真模拟。采用凝聚参数法建立柔性脐带缆的模型、运动方程及变长度算法并进行仿真求解,结合所得数值解,利用OpenGL语言和纹理映射技术动态绘制柔性脐带缆三维模型,并将柔性脐带缆动态模型与在Vega Prime平台建立的ROV主体进行衔接,获得了逼真的柔性脐带缆跟随ROV运动的动态模拟效果。     

船用跨临界CO_2引射制冷系统动态性能研究

针对船用跨临界CO_2两相流引射制冷系统建立动态模型,模型中蒸发器采用移动边界模型,气冷器采用集总参数模型,引射器使用1-D恒压混合模型。通过Matlab计算动态模型,分析系统各参数在压缩机转速、膨胀阀开度及引射器尺寸阶跃扰动下的动态响应。模拟结果显示系统对压缩机转速变化更加敏感,系统参数耦合作用强,并且动态响应中存在逆向响应。本文研究为控制器设计提供了依据和指导。     

船用跨临界CO2引射制冷系统动态性能研究

针对船用跨临界CO2两相流引射制冷系统建立动态模型,模型中蒸发器采用移动边界模型,气冷器采用集总参数模型,引射器使用1-D恒压混合模型。通过Matlab计算动态模型,分析系统各参数在压缩机转速、膨胀阀开度及引射器尺寸阶跃扰动下的动态响应。模拟结果显示系统对压缩机转速变化更加敏感,系统参数耦合作用强,并且动态响应中存在逆向响应。本文研究为控制器设计提供了依据和指导。     

船舶电站负荷扰动下动态建模与仿真

船舶电站受到大扰动后,系统的结构或参数将发生较大的变化。本文设计并建立了电站柴油机系统、负载静态和动态计算、发电机及励磁调节系统的数学模型;依据有限容积法模型建立了电站柴油机仿真的实时算法,从恒定阻抗法、电动机机电暂态过程动态特性、负荷的静态特性三方面对船舶电站负荷进行归类计算,提高了负荷的动态和静态仿真性能;励磁系统采用三阶模型进行建模。通过matlab/SIMULINK进行了系统的稳态和暂态仿真建模,并用Visual Basic语言在Windows 2000操作系统上开发了仿真模型的算法和人机对话界面系统。     

舰船柴油机的模块化建模与仿真

在柴燃联合动力装置半物理仿真平台的研究中，要求建立的柴油机模型能够较准确地反映瞬态过程中各主要参数的变化，满足进行实时仿真对模型的要求，同时具有通用性，以提高仿真模型的重复利用率。使用容积法建立涡轮增压柴油机模型，可以避免准稳态法中流量和压力关系的迭代计算，同时对计算量的要求又在合理的范围内。在大型系统仿真软件Easy5的支持下，采用了模块化的建模和仿真方法，利用已建立的舰船柴油机的模块库，可以连接组合模块建立各种配置的舰船柴油机模型。作为应用实例，建立了相继增压柴油机模型，并进行动态仿真。     

RTA48-T型主机气动操纵系统仿真及应用

主机气动操纵系统的主要功能是完成主机的起动、换向和调速。因其包含的气动元器件多,逻辑关系复杂,一旦发生故障,难于判断,因此加强船员对气动操纵系统方面的训练和培训是轮机管理中的一项重点和难点内容。在现有轮机仿真训练系统中,主机气动操纵系统仿真模型为MAN公司的 MC型气动操纵系统,为了扩展现有轮机仿真系统的训练功能,满足不同机型气动操纵系统的训练要求,本文采用逻辑建模方法,同时又考虑到部件的延时特性,建立了瓦锡兰公司的RTA48-T型主机气动操纵系统仿真模型；利用VC++编程软件完成了模型计算；开发了主机气动操纵系统的二维可视化仿真界面；仿真结果表明,模型可以对常见故障进行仿真并与实际现象相吻合。二维界面既能展现实际系统的逻辑关系,又能对延时过程实现可视化动态展示,更好地满足了教学与培训的使用要求。     

低速船用柴油机瞬时扭矩预测模型与系统仿真

输出扭矩是柴油机电控和状态观测的一个重要参数。由于非接触式动态扭矩传感器价格高昂，不适合大规模的扭矩测量应用，因此，建立准确的扭矩模型是克服这一困难的捷径，对控制和状态观测都具有重要的意义。在常用于稳态仿真的容积法模型基础上，结合曲柄连杆机的动力学模型，建立了大型低速船用柴油机的扭矩预测模型；采用线性插值法简化燃油燃烧放热规律参数的计算；借助“浓排气”模型提高扫气过程的计算速度；并以6S60MC大型低速船用柴油主机为例，进行了仿真计算。结果显示，仿真示功图与实测图基本吻合，可准确预测多缸柴油机扭矩的变化。     

采用凝集参数法对海洋缆索系统进行动态分析

分析了海洋缆索系统时域三维动态性能,模型中采用了凝集参数法,程序可用于计算海洋缆索的动态张力和动态构型。流速剖面、线内重块、节点推力、航速、水面和海底动态边界都可以模拟,模型还可以模拟具有任意浮性的非均匀列阵,在一套大地惯性座标系下,采用四阶龙格-库塔法数值求解了高度非线性运动方程。采用变曳力系数的模拟结果与试验数据吻合良好。     

计入能量损失的气泡运动三维数值模拟

在前人研究的基础上,假设能量损失主要发生在气泡体积达到最小的瞬间,通过改变压力参数计及能量损失,结合势流理论,建立气泡三维动力学数值模型。采用边界积分法求解该数值模型,计算得到气泡的动态特性,计算值与实验值吻合良好,验证了数值模型和计算方法的有效性。基于此,分别对自由场中和边界附近的气泡动力学特性进行了模拟,包括水下爆炸气泡以及空化气泡,得到了一些规律性的曲线和结论,旨在为气泡的相关动态特性研究提供参考。     

水下拖缆抛物构型分析研究(英文)

This article discusses the dynamic state analysis of underwater towed-cable when tow-ship changes its speed in a direction making parabolic profile path. A three-dimensional model of underwater towed system is studied. The established governing equations for the system have been solved using the central implicit finite-difference method. The obtained difference non-linear coupled equations are solved by Newton's method and satisfactory results were achieved. The solution of this problem has practical importance in the estimation of dynamic loading and motion, and hence it is directly applicable to the enhancement of safety and the effectiveness of the offshore activities.     

Analyzing parabolic profile path for underwater towed-cable

This article discusses the dynamic state analysis of underwater towed-cable when tow-ship changes its speed in a direction making parabolic profile path. A three-dimensional model of underwater towed system is studied. The established governing equations for the system have been solved using the central implicit finite-difference method. The obtained difference non-linear coupled equations are solved by Newton＇s method and satisfactory results were achieved. The solution of this problem has practical importance in the estimation of dynamic loading and motion, and hence it is directly applicable to the enhancement of safety and the effectiveness of the offshore activities.     

Riser-soil interaction model effects on the dynamic behavior of a steel catenary riser

A mathematical model employed to analyze the global dynamics of a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) taking into account the interaction with the seafloor and the effect of the soil reaction forces is established. The choice of soil model plays an important role for the dynamic behavior of SCRs. The riser has been modeled using flexible beam with large curvature and elastic foundation beam to describe the riser-soil interaction by means of realistic nonlinear load-deflection (P–y) curves. The study is made to improve an existing finite element numerical code for dynamic analysis of mooring lines and risers, known as CABLE 3D, which is based on a slender rod assumption. Effects of nonlinear seabed model on the dynamic behavior of SCRs under vessel cyclic perturbation have further been investigated and discussed using a realistic P–y curve to simulate soil deformation and resistance forces. The interaction model depends on several factors, such as soil strength, penetration depth and riser characteristics. The dynamic responses of the riser Touchdown Point (TDP) excited by vessel periodic heave motion are studied and the results are compared with those from the linear spring model. SCR has been perturbed by 10 regular sinusoidal cycles and the responses calculated by improved code show a number of features such as suction force mobilization, gradual increasing penetration depth, and gradual reduction of soil resistance at maximum penetration. The riser behavior at the touchdown zone (TDZ) depends on the riser top motion amplitude, nonlinear soil stiffness and suction force. The impact of the riser-soil interaction model on the dynamic behavior in the TDZ has been thoroughly studied in this paper.     

基于AMESim的燃燃联合动力装置并车仿真研究

针对燃燃联合动力装置(COGAG)建立仿真试验系统,以燃燃联合动力装置为研究对象,仿真平台采用仿真软件AMESim,对动力装置的各个部件进行建模采用的是模块化的建模方法,建立了燃燃联合动力装置系统的仿真模型,利用该模型对单台燃机的动态过程、两台燃机的并车过程进行了仿真和验证。此外,将AMESim中的仿真模型与MATLAB/SIMULINK中的仿真模型相对比,表明AMESim软件能够较好地完成物理模拟,并使研究者从繁杂的数学模型中解脱出来。     

弹性垫形式的水下弹性体发射动力学分析

弹性垫会对水下运载器发射动力学产生影响,文章针对弹性垫形式,利用Lagrange方程推导了新型适配关系下的发射动力学方程,同时考虑了运载器的刚体运动、弹性变形、弹性垫变形与接触对发射过程的影响。利用文中的方法,建立了水下运载器发射动力学模型,对发射过程的载荷进行了求解,研究了弹性垫数量、刚度、位置等参数对运载器弹性振动的影响。结果表明文中方法是有效的,可用于水下运载器发射动力学分析。     

神经网络在船舶主柴油机建模中的应用

该文研究用BP神经网络建立船舶主柴油机模型的方法，并对BP算法进行了改进，提出了一种动态优化学习率的方法，对6L80MC柴油机实际数据用BP网络进行计算的结果表明，该算法能有效地建立船舶主柴油机模型。该模型已成功用于船舶主机遥控仿真系统中。     

New Model and Simulation of Condenser for Ship Nuclear Power Plant

A new reasonably perfect dynamic mathematic model has been established for condenser used in ship nuclear powerplant according to its structural features and Operating principle. The model has been solved by the Runge-Kutta method. Andan analysis program has been developed for dynamic numerical simulation under steady operation condition, disturbance condi-tion, and accident condition. The dynamic characteristics of condenser has been calculated and analyzed under several kinds of     

A numerical study of the effects of the longitudinal baffle on nickel ore slurry sloshing in a prismatic cargo hold

The nickel ore slurry sloshing in a rolling partially loaded prismatic cargo hold with a longitudinal baffle is investigated. A numerical model based on the volume of fluid (VOF) method and the non-Newtonian Herschel-Bulkley and Bingham equations is proposed to study the dynamic behavior of nickel ore slurry sloshing. The numerical model is solved by using the finite volume approximations and the dynamic mesh technique is utilized to handle the cargo hold's motion. After taking grid and time step independence study, the numerical results are compared with experimental data. Comparisons show good agreement in the cases investigated. Further, the relationship between the moment amplitude induced on the hold boundary and the excitation frequency is checked numerically. The ratio of baffle height to the initial cargo depth has been changed in the range of 0.0 ≤ h_B/d ≤ 1.2. The variation of the sloshing-induced moment and the deformation of the free surface under different baffle heights have been obtained and discussed. To clearly understand the sloshing behavior of nickel ore slurry, the sloshing of liquid water has also been carried out. Meanwhile, the dynamic viscosity of the nickel ore slurry is monitored. The critical baffle height with regard to the sloshing-induced moment and the elevation difference of the free surface at two sides of the cargo hold has also been presented and discussed.     

Development of interlink wear estimation method for mooring chain of floating structures: Validation and new approach using three-dimensional contact response

Long-term operation of mooring systems is one of the challenging issues of floating structures such as floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs). For integrity assessment, fatigue and its affecting factors have generated considerable recent research interest as the occurrence of a large number of mooring chain failures at a high rate has been reported. By contrast, only few studies on the effect of nonuniform volume loss of mooring chain links due to wear can be found because of difficulties to estimate wear amounts quantitatively. Considering this issue, in this paper, validation of the quantitative interlink wear estimation method is investigated by applying to a spar-type floating structure. Firstly, the method is presented which consists of the material test, derivation of an interlink wear estimation formula with FE analysis, and calculation of mooring chain response with coupled dynamic analysis using a mass-spring model. To improve insufficient accuracy due to the mass-spring model around a clump weight and the touchdown point, the method is further modified by using a 3-D rigid-body link model. The estimation results and comparison show that the modified method distinguishing between rolling and sliding can calculate the interlink wear amount closer to the chain diameter measurements and more reasonable than the method using the conventional mass-spring model.     

Nonstationary response of floating structures to random waves

Even if ocean waves are treated as a stationary random process, dynamic responses of floating structures to random waves at the transient state are always nonstationary. When nonstationary response statistics is desired, a common technique is to apply Monte Carlo simulations; however, its implementation is costly in computational time. Analytically, this article develops an efficient method for computing nonstationary response statistics, including evolutionary power spectrum and time-varying mean-square values. Assuming a hydrodynamic software has been employed to get various frequency response functions, a prerequisite of the proposed method is to get the elevation-to-motion transfer function formulated in its pole-residue form. The proposed method is applicable to arbitrary wave spectrum and has been based on pole-residue operations implemented in the Laplace domain to obtain closed-form solutions for the response evolutionary power spectrum. Numerical examples choose a single-degree-of-freedom Spar model and a six-degree-of-freedom Floating Production Storage and Offloading model to a Pierson–Moskowitz wave spectrum, and the correctness of the computed mean-square values is verified by Monte Carlo simulations.