船舶生活污水真空收集管系结垢问题综合治理研究

中国卫星海上测控部某船真空马桶多次出现故障,管壁结垢严重,极易发生堵塞。通过介绍该船生活污水真空收集系统管路的疏通治理过程,讲解了管路结垢的原因、疏通治理的方法以及具体的操作流程,给出了后续的使用保养建议。     

连云港港30万吨级航道二期工程难挖地段的土层特性

连云港港30万吨级航道二期工程航道疏浚施工项目LYG-302-H1.1标段施工过程中，绞吸船多次发生堵管现象，影响施工效率。为避免事故频繁发生，通过整理事故多发地土质资料，分析土层特性及堵管原因，对此类难挖地段的土质指标进行归纳总结。结果表明：绞吸船施工难挖地段土层分布不均匀;同一高程下，黏土层中含有黏质粉土和砂质粉土，且混有离散的钙质胶结物;标贯击数大于20击。     

深海矿产混输装备防堵塞调控技术与应用研究

为解决深海矿产混输系统中泵管堵塞影响矿物过泵能力的问题,针对3 000米级固液两相流混输装备系统提出深海混输泵防堵塞调控技术方案。通过对混输系统堵塞状态的判断、自动控制策略的研究和混输装备软硬件系统的设计,实现对混输系统的防堵塞调控;通过混输装备系统500米级海试,验证该方案的合理性、可靠性和稳定性,为后续深海混输装备的智能控制研究提供参考。     

内河港口航道通过能力及改善研究分析

通过能力的高低是一项反映港口航道适航程度重要性能指标,是衡量疏通航道船舶能力标准。航道发生堵塞,危及船舶正常航行秩序,甚至船舶受阻甚至被迫停航,文中根据工程实例,客观的分析了航道堵塞主要原因,现对港口航道的通过能力进行了分析,对港口吞吐量进行了研究,并提出改善航道的研究方案。     

复杂疏浚工况下重型绞吸挖泥船施工工艺优化

盐城滨海港区疏浚工程工况复杂，土质分层不均，上层粉土具有粒径小、密实、坚硬的特点，船舶施工时出现正刀滚刀、绞刀功率波动明显；下层亚黏土土体密度大，14 km长排距输送易造成堵管；施工区内块石与障碍物较多，经常发生堵吸口、堵泵。对于新建出厂的“昊海龙”轮，通过更换绞刀分析不同绞刀防石方案适用性，寻找泥浆浓度、流速与施工效率的平衡点，对其船机性能进行试验。结果表明：挖掘密实粉土时，使用通用绞刀可以增加破土能力，减少绞刀功率波动幅度与频次；吸口加装钢板格栅可以有效减少堵吸口、堵泵；挖掘下层时，适当降低泥浆浓度可以达到生产率与输送效率平衡。     

绞吸式挖泥船施工黏土混块石防石设备的应用

绞吸式挖泥船在施工黏土时,常发生绞刀头或绞刀吸口被黏土堵塞问题,特别是在黏土中夹杂块石的工况条件下,堵塞更加严重。通过在绞刀上加装防石环、绞刀吸口加装格栅等措施,解决了黏土及石块堵塞绞刀和泥泵等问题,使船舶施工生产效率显著提高,工程效益明显改善。     

长距离黏土输送防堵管工艺研究

江苏滨海液化天然气(LNG)码头吹填工程土质为黏土,该种土质密度高,输送难度大,对操作要求高,在该项目长距离输送过程中,堵管、爆管频繁。基于该项目工况条件,对堵管前后数据进行分析,采用理论计算及实船试验的方法,剖析参数变化规律,总结堵管爆管原因,优化管线布设及操作,解决了长吹距输送黏土堵管爆管频发的问题,提高了船舶时利率及生产率。     

高墩大跨桥梁混凝土泵送施工堵管事件概率分析

在高墩大跨桥梁混凝土泵送施工中,堵管事件时有发生,不仅会造成较大的经济损失,而且还将严重延误工期.结合济邵高速逢石河特大桥13#桥墩施工中出现的混凝土泵送堵管事件,依据相关规范对导致堵管事故发生的原因进行分析,并提出相应的预防措施;基于概率与数理统计方法对高墩大跨桥梁混凝土泵送施工中堵管事件发生的概率进行详细推算,指出降低堵管事件发生概率的关键所在.     

带式输送机物料撒漏问题分析和解决方案

为解决干散货码头带式输送机物料撒漏问题,根据港口实际工况,分析导致物料撒漏的主要原因,并对流程设备和流程排空工艺进行改进。设计制造新型清扫器,提高皮带清扫效果;改造漏斗结构和加装空气炮装置,提高物料通过率并解决漏斗堵塞难疏通问题;采用新型流程排空工艺,提高装船机排空能力。经过一系列改造后,有效解决由皮带清扫器清扫效果差、皮带跑偏、漏斗堵塞、漏斗破损等原因造成的物料撒漏问题,减轻人工清理撒漏积料的劳动强度,避免物料撒漏造成的环境污染。     

用γ射线料位计监控胶带输送机物料堵塞

在港口胶带输送机系统中,随着输送生产率的提高和胶带运行速度的加快,转接料斗中物料堵塞的现象时常发生.输送过程中,若对堵塞现象不能及时监控并采取有效防范措施,就会导致系统的各种故障,如物料撒落、胶带破损或断裂,甚至有可能造成整个控制系统的误动作,其后果极其严重.目前,尽管很多使用单位在转接料斗处都安装有防堵塞监测装置,但还是经常发生因物料堵塞所造成的各种恶性事故.经分析认为,绝大多数是因其所设置的堵塞监测装置失效造成的.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。