大连港吞吐量与腹地经济发展关系研究

文章采用圈层结构法将大连港腹地划分为三个圈层范围,并通过构建哈夫引力模型分析各圈层经济指标与港口吞吐量之间的关系。结果表明：各圈层的经济指标对港口吞吐量的影响存在可量化的差异,从营口港对大连港吞吐量的实际影响出发,分析原因,并在两港腹地资源竞争分析基础上,提出区域化合作将是两港未来发展的理性选择。     

港口腹地划分的断-电模型研究

如何准确地划分港口的腹地范围,以明确港口的定位和规划布局很重要。现有的港口腹地划分方法大多只以某一个单一因素作为港口腹地划分的依据,只能实现对港口腹地的笼统划分,不能满足指导港口制定未来发展目标与规划的任务。在总结了以往的腹地划分方法的基础上,提出了一种新的港口腹地划分方法——断-电模型。该模型是基于城市腹地划分的断裂点模型和电子云模型综合而成的,是在考虑到港口及腹地地区综合影响因素的基础上建立的,能够较为准确地划分港口的腹地范围。最后以营口港的腹地划分为例对断-电模型进行了实际应用,并取得满意效果。     

基于威尔逊——断裂点模型的天津港腹地划分研究

港口作为经济贸易活动的枢纽,其发展对于国家对外贸易、经济发展起着至关重要的影响。合理对港口腹地的范围进行划分,方便腹地港口整合港口有限资源,最大限度地提高港口运行效率和经济利益。针对当前腹地划分方法,选取威尔逊—断裂点模型对天津港的腹地进行划分,为天津港合理建设北方国际航运中心提供助推力。     

考虑货-港双方利益的港口经济腹地划分模型

港口经济腹地的合理划分关系着港口生产与发展大局。对此,为准确划分港口经济腹地范围,综合考虑货主方成本和港口方收益的因素,从"效用"的角度出发,提出划分港口经济腹地范围的新模型。同时,应用蚁群算法进行求解,并以厦门港和宁波港经济腹地范围划分实例为例,验证模型的正确性和实用性。     

国内外港口经济腹地研究述评

为今后进行港口与腹地等相关研究提供理论基础，通过对港口腹地的划分、港城关系、交通运输及港口发展等国内外相关文献的归纳与评价，提出应从以下几方面作进一步研究：（1）从内陆交通运输与海运技术相结合的角度对港口与区域发展进行研究；（2）在港口对共同腹地的吸引和相互作用方面多进行定量研究，提高对腹地范围分析的深度和准确性；（3）揭示港口自身发展规律及其与腹地范围扩大的相互作用机制；（4）从微观角度研究港口、城市、区域有机结合与内陆经济腹地的空间相互作用及其对区域港口腹地范围的划分；（5）采用定量方法对港口腹地范围和空间分布情况作深层次研究。     

基于蚁群算法的港口间接腹地划分模型

针对港口腹地划分问题,分析了以前文献中求解此问题的局限性,建立了内陆城市最佳出口运输路线的概念,引入蚁群算法这一新兴的人工智能方法,将其运用到内陆城市出海运输通道优化中,建立了一种新的港口腹地划分方法.最后以一个典型算例说明了该算法的有效性.研究表明,蚁群算法可以为港口腹地划分问题提供新的解决办法.     

南沙港综合竞争力分析

文中首先研究了南沙港在自然地理条件、港口腹地经济条件和政策优惠条件等方面的优势以及包括起步晚和腹地经济结构单一在内的劣势,然后综合使用层次分析法(AHP)和模糊综合评价法对南沙港以及香港和深圳港口进行了定量评分。结果表明,南沙港基本具备和深圳港同一水平的竞争力,将会有广阔的发展前景。     

关于港口滚装吞吐量腹地划分的探讨

港口腹地划分,就是划分港口经济合理的服务范围,它是港口建设可行性研究的重要步骤。如果腹地划分不正确,就会影响运量预测的准确性,进而影响建设方案的选择和论证。同时,划分腹地对编制计划、揭示不合理运输、促进生产力布局日趋合理等都有重要作用。随着社会生产力的发展,新的运输方式也在不断出现,而近年来我国海峡间滚装运输(亦称汽车轮渡)的蓬勃发展,尤其是渤海海峡的烟连航线已成为我国条件最优越的滚装航线。 滚装运输具有提高港口通过能力、提高船舶航行率、节省汽车绕行公路的费用和时间、加快物资周转、缩短资金在途时间、提高社会效益的极大效果,被誉为海上“蓝色公路”。我国适合于这种运输发展的区域很多,如渤海海峡、杭州湾等都与滚装运输发展优势相适应。我们对这一新兴运输方式所具有的特殊性和规律性应进行研究,以适应发展需要。为此,本文拟就港口滚装货物吞吐量腹地特点、腹地划分方法及其运量预测影响因素作一探讨。 一、腹地划分涵义 过去,在传统方式(即船舶直接载货)上形成的港口腹地定义是:港口腹地是经由该港吞进货物的消费地和经由该港吐出货物的生产     

新建内河港口吞吐量预测方法

基于产销平衡法的基本理论,从港口腹地划分和运输需求特征出发,结合港口区位商的概念,提出一种较为实际的针对缺少历史数据的新建内河港口的吞吐量预测方法,并以商丘市为例,对其新建港口吞吐量进行预测。     

港口腹地分析的定量模式及实证研究--以温州港为例

经济腹地是港口生存与发展的基础,腹地分析是港口发展规划制定的必要前提。运用空间经济学的区位商模式与方法,以温州港为例,通过对温州港现状集疏货物生成及流向的调查与分析,对温州港经济腹地结构及其形成的原因进行系统研究。     

巴布亚新几内亚科考瑞港集装箱吞吐量预测

为评估新建巴布亚新几内亚科考瑞港的建设规模,构建由回归分析模型、腹地集装箱运输需求重力模型、多目标港口模糊评价模型和基于Logit模型的港口选择模型4部分组成的综合预测方法。对巴布亚新几内亚科考瑞港的腹地集装箱运输需求进行预测;并对腹地省份在不同港口的集装箱运量进行测算,从而科学合理地预测科考瑞港的集装箱吞吐量,为实施项目的必要性提供支持。该预测方法使用较少的基础数据即可比较科学客观地预测新建港口的集装箱吞吐量,能够较好地解决在不发达国家或地区统计资料缺失、安全局势不稳定导致腹地调研困难等情况下的吞吐量预测问题,为海外港口的建设、咨询项目提供帮助。     

港口货种贡献度评价方法探讨

对港口货种按港口腹地产业状况进行分类，通过定性和定量指标并利用专家咨询（Delphi）法对定性指标排序，再采用层次分析法（AHP）对港口货种进行分析，得出港口各货种对港口发展的贡献度。通过对影响港口发展各因素的分析，可为港口决策者在进行港口发展决策时提供必要的数据，有利于港口决策者对港口发展作出正确决策。     

A conceptual framework for cooperation in hinterland development between neighbouring seaport authorities

The hinterland of a port is probably the most important aspect in the competition between gateway ports. This paper, starting with a literature overview, shows how the port authority can extend its hinterland with the aim of increasing its attractiveness and, eventually, its throughput. To achieve this, it can be advantageous to cooperate with adjacent port authorities. Together, through cooperation, economies of scale can be realised that facilitate a modal shift away from road to a more efficient and more sustainable transport. This would reduce the cost of transport to/from the hinterland region from/to these ports consequently increasing the attractiveness and the market share of the cooperating ports for this region. The paper describes a conceptual method to identify and quantify the opportunities for cooperation in the hinterland. The framework starts, after some basic transport economic concepts, from (theoretically available) hinterland data to locate regions that are at the edge of the contested hinterland of a port region and results in a methodology that can be used to generate a quantified list of regions where cooperation will make a difference. Using this methodology, port authorities (PAs), of any region where hinterland data are available, can list, together with their neighbours, the regions where to prioritise their efforts.     

Hinterland strategies of port authorities: A case study of the port of Barcelona

Port authorities generally focus on the development of the local port area and play a minor role in the development of port hinterlands, whereas shippers, forwarders, barge and rail operators have always been involved in the port-hinterland connection. The increasing importance of intermodal hinterland networks for the competitive position of ports has urged port authorities to become active in the hinterland. This new role has already been suggested by different academics. However, limited empirical evidence exists of port authorities taking stakes in inland terminals or developing transport services. Barcelona, as one of the leading port authorities in this respect, is used as a case study in this paper. The case study provides insight in the components and execution of the hinterland strategy of Barcelona. It shows that the strategy of the port authority of Barcelona and the consequent active involvement in the hinterland has had a significant impact on attracting container volumes from distant hinterlands and improving the accessibility of the port.     

Value creation in the port: opening the boundaries to the market

In the era of fierce competition among ports as elements of value chain systems, the opening of the boundaries to the market represents a crucial challenge that port authority has to cope with, in order to guarantee a lasting economic and social development of the port and its hinterland. We propose a theoretical framework to analyse value creation in the port and its hinterland through two core concepts: resource allocation and interaction. We illustrate such framework with the case of the port of Naples and, specifically, the contribution of the port authority and other port business operators to the value creation process of Garofalo, an export-oriented firm located in its hinterland. A discussion and suggestions for future research are provided in the last section.     

Integrated ports clusters and competitive advantage in an extended resource pool for the Antwerp Seaport

In the context of increased scale of carriers and vessel sizes, stakeholder opposition to port expansion, and heavy regulation, ports prepare their strategic response. A port’s competitive strength strongly depends on its capability of developing or retaining competitive advantages. Ports consider options such as strategic partnerships, or any form of collaboration, which could help them to create more or alternative combinations of unique resources as sources of competitive advantage. Taking an extended resource base perspective, the competitive advantages of the Antwerp port cluster are analyzed, using both linear regression and factor analysis, for its integrated hinterland network area, on data of 59 port experts. The results of our analysis show that the port’s hinterland extension did not (yet) result in new sources of competitive advantages. This leads us to the reflection that we cannot assume integrated port clusters always lead to projected positive strategic outcomes.     

Port regionalization: towards a new phase in port development

Logistics integration and network orientation in the port and maritime industry have redefined the functional role of ports in value chains and have generated new patterns of freight distribution and new approaches to port hierarchy. Existing models on the spatial and functional evolution of ports and port systems only partially fit into the new freight distribution paradigm. This paper aims to add to existing literature by introducing a port regionalization phase in port and port system development. It is demonstrated that the regionalization phase and associated hinterland concepts demand new approaches to port governance and a functional focus that goes beyond the traditional port perimeter.     

Port regionalization: towards a new phase in port development

Logistics integration and network orientation in the port and maritime industry have redefined the functional role of ports in value chains and have generated new patterns of freight distribution and new approaches to port hierarchy. Existing models on the spatial and functional evolution of ports and port systems only partially fit into the new freight distribution paradigm. This paper aims to add to existing literature by introducing a port regionalization phase in port and port system development. It is demonstrated that the regionalization phase and associated hinterland concepts demand new approaches to port governance and a functional focus that goes beyond the traditional port perimeter.     

Port and terminal selection by deep-sea container operators

This paper deals with the importance of port choice and container terminal selection for deep-sea container carriers. The paper focuses on the research question: on what basis do deep-sea container operators select container ports (strategy) and container terminals (financial reasons) in the Hamburg–Le Havre range over others? In answering this research question, three dimensions are addressed in detail: the buying decision characteristics; port choice strategy; and terminal selection. The results show that strategic considerations at company level are important. For port choice the most important criteria from a carrier's perspective are: availability of hinterland connections; reasonable tariffs; and immediacy of consumers (large hinterland). In addition to these criteria, shipping lines attach great value to often neglected factors, such as feeder connectivity, environmental issues and the total portfolio of the port. The study reveals that port selection and terminal selection are not the same with terminal selection criteria mainly depending on: handling speed; handling costs; reliability; and hinterland connections. The analysis also brought forward that the decision making is different per container carrier, per trade and per port type, implying that a one size fits all approach is not relevant.