头部形状对水雷入水载荷及水下弹道影响的数值仿真分析

为了研究不同形状雷头对水雷入水过载及水雷水下弹道的影响,利用流固耦合仿真软件对半球形、锥形、斜锥形、平头半球形水雷击水问题进行数值模拟仿真研究,计算了4种不同雷头形状水雷入水时头部加速度和速度响应随时间的变化.通过研究表明,斜锥形能有效降低水雷入水时受到的载荷,对新型水雷的结构设计、引信的设计、水雷装药的安全性设计及其他元器件的抗冲击设计提供有价值参考.     

弹体入水冲击载荷特性分析

对由MSC.Dytran仿真计算得到的2种不同初始速度入水弹体入水冲击载荷进行了平稳性检验、功率谱、冲击响应谱、高斯特性、高阶统计等特征分析.研究表明,水雷入水冲击载荷是平稳信号并且为非高斯分布,速度是影响冲击载荷信号的主要因素,为弹体抗冲击总体设计提供依据.     

空投水下滑翔机入水冲击载荷研究

因水下滑翔机内部结构精密,空投入水瞬间水下滑翔机的外壳和内部结构会受到巨大的冲击,直接造成水下滑翔机的损坏。针对上述问题,借助STAR-CCM+软件,采用重叠网格方法和VOF多相流模型,分析水下滑翔机的入水过程,计算不同姿态下的水下滑翔机入水时径向力、轴向力和速度变化,同时考虑水下滑翔机外形结构特点,对水下滑翔机外形结构进行减载优化。仿真结果表明：随入水攻角增大,水下滑翔机受到的径向力作用效果大于轴向力;随入水速度的增大,水下滑翔机入水冲击载荷增加。同时,首部导流罩采用较大长短轴比的椭圆曲线,翼板采用折叠翼、柔性翼等折叠结构能够具有明显减载效果。本文研究成果可为水下滑翔机空投条件选择和空投入水结构优化提供参考。     

基于ALE方法的平底结构入水冲击动力特性研究

结构冲击入水作为一种典型的流固耦合问题广泛存在于船舶与海洋工程领域,特别是作为海洋平台简化模型的平底结构有着重要的工程应用背景和学术研究价值。本文采用ALE算法对二维弹性平底结构等速冲击入水过程进行数值模拟和分析,分别采用Lagrange单元和Euler单元来表征结构和流体,并通过耦合算法实现对流固耦合过程的模拟,分别讨论不同质量、刚度及入水速度情况下空气垫现象对结构底部压力的影响。计算结果表明,平底结构入水冲击过程中,底部边缘处压力最先达到峰值,随后沿宽度方向向中心依次出现压力峰值,且结构等速冲击入水后的运动为自由振动。冲击压力的峰值随结构质量及刚度的增大而增大,同时冲击压力峰值与速度呈线性关系,随速度的增大而增大,底部斜升角对冲击压力峰值的影响十分显著。通过上述研究为工程应用中的结构强度设计提供重要依据。     

机载布放式AUV入水冲击仿真研究

机载布放式AUV是利用载机运送至特定海域上空,在一定条件下通过空投方式进入水下,完成预定工作的自主水下航行器。AUV入水时会受到巨大的载荷冲击,严重时会导致机体折断、元器件失灵,甚至引起弹道失控。为此,文章采用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)方法对机载布放式AUV的入水冲击问题进行了数值仿真研究。对不同入水速度、不同入水角度下AUV受力过程进行了计算,得出了不同入水条件下的速度响应曲线和压力响应曲线,可为机载布放式AUV的机体结构设计和投放条件研究提供参考。     

着水姿态对大型水陆两栖飞机着水性能的影响

针对着水姿态对水陆两栖飞机船体着水性能的影响,通过单船身(机身)模型着水试验与仿真,分析着水载荷和运动响应,单船身模型可排除气动力及复杂的水面效应等因素引起的试验与仿真的差异。结果表明仿真与试验结果一致性较好,压力分布满足设计要求;初始姿态角对压力分布及加速度的时历变化影响不大,但艉部着水前期姿态角会出现减小的现象;加速度和姿态角峰值随着初始姿态角的增大会出现明显的波谷型变化。综合看来,该型水陆两栖飞机着水性能在6°-8°姿态角范围内较优,7°最佳。     

空腔结构入水冲击加速度和压力响应试验仿真分析

[目的]舰船与水砰击、空投鱼雷和飞机水上迫降时,结构物在与水砰击的过程中会受到较大的冲击载荷影响。对于舰船,它会严重影响船体结构和内部器件的功效以及舰员安全。为研究舰船与水砰击的问题,[方法]以楔形和弧形体为研究对象,使用自行设计的装置进行入水冲击试验,通过加速度计和PVDF压电传感器分别测量冲击过程的加速度和冲击压力。重点关注空腔的影响,基于楔形体和空腔空气仿真模型,采用ALE方法对不同入水工况下的加速度和压力响应进行仿真分析,并与试验结果进行比较。[结结果]分析表明:数值仿真结果与试验结果吻合较好,结构密闭空腔对加速度信号有重要影响;密闭空腔对弧形体的影响程度高于楔形体,对弹性体的加速度几乎没有影响,结构表面形状对入水冲击压力的影响较大。[结论]研究结果可以为入水结构的设计和结构冲击防护提供技术支撑。     

三维刚体椭圆头结构高速倾斜入水冲击模拟

分析结构入水抨击载荷的非线性问题,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件建立三维刚体椭圆头结构入水模型,采用软件中的ALE算法,研究结构以不同入水角度和入水速度高速倾斜入水时,结构在入水初期所遭受的冲击压力峰值,得到不同条件入水时的压力峰值曲线,同时观察到在冲击入水初期自由液面的变化和伴随现象。     

多尺度的潜艇集体逃生舱运动过程数值模拟

潜艇集体逃生舱上浮速度过大,导致冲出水面再落水冲击时会产生较大的冲击力,从而对人员造成二次威胁。为了研究集体逃生舱的尺度参数对其运动安全性的影响,建立多尺度逃生舱的上浮运动和入水冲击理论模型,并采用FLUENT和ANSYS/LS-DYNA对集体逃生舱的运动过程进行计算机仿真。研究结果表明,增大集体逃生舱的直径可以减小其出水速度和入水冲击力,有利于提高集体逃生舱的安全性。     

基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的圆盘击水弹跳研究

基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的ALE方法,对圆盘击水滑跳现象进行三维数值仿真。建立了击水滑跳的有限元模型,包括滑跳对象、两相流及交界面设计,并用已有试验数据对模型运动状态的有效性进行了验证。分析结果表明,计算得到的滑跳临界速度和入水角随圆盘倾角的变化规律与试验结果可以很好的吻合,研究结果可以为入水冲击,气/液两相跨介质运动及其动力学特性提供一种研究方法与手段。     

高速入水弹体结构冲击仿真研究

低空高速投放弹体能够具有很强的隐蔽性和快速攻击性,但是随之带来了弹体机械结构抗冲击问题。该文针对高速投放入水过程中弹体结构冲击问题进行了仿真研究。首先根据对弹体建立三维实体模型,包括其内部各机械电子以及装药部件的等效配置。然后采用大型流固耦合仿真软件Dytran进行入水冲击过程动态仿真。最后通过分析仿真结果数据得到几点有益的结论,为入水冲击弹体壳体以及内部机构抗冲击设计提供有价值的参考。     

Wave impact underneath horizontal decks

The problem of water impact on a fixed horizontal platform deck from regular incident waves was studied. Two-dimensional potential flow was assumed, and the resulting boundary-value problem was solved by three alternative numerical methods, a method based on a generalization of the impact theory by Wagner, and two different nonlinear boundary-element methods. The Wagner-based method used a von Karman approach during the water exit phase, i.e., when the wetted surface decreases. Experiments of the impact on an idealized platform deck have been performed to validate the theory. Comparisons show that the Wagner-based method yields good results for the water entry phase, when the wetted deck area increases, but poor results when the wetted area diminishes. The boundary-element methods compare well with experiments for the entire impact process. A Kutta condition is necessary at the aft body–free surface intersection during water exit and when the flow separates from the aft edge. Gravity effects matter for the water exit phase.     

Numerical simulation of the water entry of a structure in free fall motion

To solve the problems concerning water entry of a structure, the RANS equations and volume of fluid （VOF） method are used. Combining the user-defined function （UDF） procedure with dynamic grids, the water impact on a structure in free fall is simulated, and the velocity, displacement and the pressure distribution on the structure are investigated. The results of the numerical simulation were compared with the experimental data, and solidly consistent results have been achieved, which validates the numerical model. Therefore, this method can be used to study the water impact problems of a structure.     

结构物自由落水砰击现象的数值模拟研究(英文)

To solve the problems concerning water entry of a structure, the RANS equations and volume of fluid(VOF) method are used. Combining the user-defined function(UDF) procedure with dynamic grids, the water impact on a structure in free fall is simulated, and the velocity, displacement and the pressure distribution on the structure are investigated. The results of the numerical simulation were compared with the experimental data,and solidly consistent results have been achieved, which validates the numerical model. Therefore, this method can be used to study the water impact problems of a structure.     

On the fluid-structure response of elastic-plastic ship sides subjected to impact loads

This paper presents a simplified numerical model capable of analysing the interaction between the structural dynamic response of elastic-plastic struck plate wall of a fluid tank subjected to wedge impact and the resulting fluid motion. The Variational Finite Difference Method (VFDM) is applied to analyse the structural dynamics of the struck plate and 2-D linear potential flow theory is used to study the resulting fluid motion and its effects on the structural dynamics of the struck plate. Experiments of a wedge indenter impacting with both empty and 90% filled tanks are carried out to study the structural deformation of the struck plate. The accuracy of the developed numerical model is validated with published results and experimental results, and good agreement is achieved. Through the comparison of the impact behaviour of empty and partially filled water tank, it is found that the resulting water motion helps to reduce the structural deformation of the struck plate since part of the impact energy is dissipated by the resulting water motion. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the effect of impact velocity and water level on the structural dynamics of the struck plate of a partially filled water tank. A case study is also conducted to demonstrate the potential application of the proposed method in analysing ship-ice impact problems.     

Influence of different combinations of impact mass and velocity with identical kinetic energy or momentum on the impact response of RC piles

Marine engineering structures may be subjected to various levels of vessel collisions, causing different degrees of damage to the RC piles. However, the influence of different combinations of impact mass and velocity under the same initial kinetic energy or momentum on the impact behavior of RC piles has not been explored. A numerical investigation of the impact responses of RC pile structures (including plumb piles and inclined pile groups) considering the material strain rate effect is carried out using the software ABAQUS/Explicit in this paper. Parametric studies are conducted based on the validated finite element models of RC piles subjected to horizontal impact. The internal force distributions, as well as the effect of the impact kinetic energy and the momentum (including different combinations of impact mass and initial velocity) on the impact response of RC piles, are discussed. The results indicate that the development path of the bending moment‒overall structural displacement curves in the plastic hinge regions of RC piles are almost identical under both impact and static loading conditions. Compared to momentum, the impact response of RC piles is insensitive to the variation of impact kinetic energy with different combinations of impact mass and velocity. Therefore, the impact kinetic energy is more suitable for evaluating the structural deformation of RC piles after impact. Finally, a performance-based impact-resistance design framework for RC piles is proposed.     

三维球鼻艏入水砰击研究

基于有限体积法的数值仿真方法对三维球鼻艏的入水砰击问题进行了研究.建立包含气水流场的三维有限元模型,研究了入水过程中流场的自由液面的变化、空气层的作用、纵向曲率和纵向速度对入水压力的影响等问题.结果表明,数值计算仿真的方法可以有效的模拟三维球鼻艏入水过程中自由液面和空气层的变化情况,在相同有效冲击角处球鼻艏的纵向曲率对砰击压力也有较大的影响.     

码头前系泊船舶撞击速度研究

采用时域数值模型,对横浪作用下码头前系泊船舶的运动响应进行了研究,分析了波高、周期、水深、船舶尺度及码头型式等因素对撞击速度的影响.结果表明:当波浪周期小于般舶自振周期时,撞击速度随波高的增加线性增长;波浪周期越大,撞击速度越大;船舶装载度(吃水)越小,撞击速度越大;墩式码头(无限开敞水域)中系泊船舶的撞击速度大于岸壁...