岩基上键槽式闸室结构与整体式闸室结构受力特性比较

以岩基上某闸室结构为例,开展设置键槽缝底板和整体式底板闸室结构的受力特性研究。应用Ansys中面面接触单元Targe170 和Conta173模拟键槽的非线性接触,分析检修、低水、完建和高水4种工况下键槽闸室结构的应力、底板弯矩和地基反力分布规律,并与整体式闸室结构进行对比分析。研究结果表明：检修工况和低水工况两模型的应力、弯矩以及地基反力分布规律相似,其值均较小,检修工况底板中心产生较大的负弯矩;完建工况两模型底板正弯矩取得4种工况中最大值,分别为18 016和31 163 kN?m,整体式结构底板弯矩较大,表明键槽缝的存在可有效减小闸室底板的正弯矩,该工况下地基反力最大;高水工况在底板顶部中心两侧产生最大拉应力,两模型数值相近,此时键槽闸室底板跨中弯矩值较小。     

PHC刚性管桩基础上的闸首底板内力计算方法

为了合理解决复合桩基上的闸首底板内力简化计算问题,分析复合桩基沉降机理,基于应力与沉降分解法给出桩与桩、桩与土、土与桩和土与土的沉陷系数计算式,结合并列铰接地基梁法建立考虑桩-土-结构共同作用的计算模型。依托高石碑船闸工程实例,通过与查表法的对比验证计算程序的可靠性,研究在不同工况时底板单宽弯矩、沉降、地基反力的变化规律。结果表明,该模型计算的桩土分担比与有限元分析结果接近,计算精度可以满足结构简化分析的需要,能合理反映基桩的根数、以及间距与桩长不规则等因素对底板沉降和内力的影响。运营期相对于完建期而言,地基均处于回弹状态、底板弯矩增量有正负值,可优化调整底板宽缝封闭前边墩浇筑高程、回填土高程,使得运营期出现的正负弯矩接近相等。     

沉箱结构的有限元分析

某码头为大直径圆沉箱重力墩式结构，应用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS，对沉箱结构建立三维有限元模型，分别按考虑地基与沉箱作用和不考虑地基与沉箱作用进行计算。计算与分析结果表明，2种算法上部结构的计算结果相近，不考虑沉箱与地基共同作用的底板内力过于保守。     

有限元法在船闸闸首结构设计中的应用

规范算法在应用于船闸闸首的结构分析中,因未考虑地基材料非线性及三维结构的整体性对结构计算的影响,不能较真实地模拟闸首地基整体受力变形情况,进而影响到船闸结构设计。针对这些问题,本文以某大型船闸下闸首为例,建立闸首-地基三维有限元模型,考虑地基的材料非线性,地基模型采用邓肯-张的E-B模型,使用ABAQUS软件分析运行工况下闸首的应力分布规律及变形特点。结果表明,规范算法在船闸设计中总体安全富余度较大,但在闸门附近的边墩截面和边墩与底板交角处是偏不安全的。     

船闸闸首部位结构内力的非线性有限元分析

考虑结构材料和几何尺度等非线性因素,应用ABAQUS有限元软件建立船闸闸首部位的三维数值模型;通过合理设置闸首部位边墩、底板、回填土和地基之间的接触,分别计算不同工况条件下闸首的结构内力;在验证计算成果合理性的基础上,探讨采用解析法和有限元法进行结构内力分析的优缺点及其适用条件.     

基于ANSYS的大型沉箱码头静力分析

文中主要针对沉箱与地基及后方填土相互作用下的变形应力等进行了研究,以神户港沉箱结构为例,利用ANSYS程序进行了静力作用下的数值计算,分析了在沉箱及地基后方填土的水平竖直方向残余变形,后方填土应力、地基应力及后方填土压力、后方填土沉降变化趋势等变化情况。     

考虑固结过程的软土地基承载力数值分析

深厚软黏土地基在受到上部结构传递的荷载作用时将会发生进一步固结,进而影响软土地基的承载特性,因此考虑荷载作用下软土地基的固结特性对地基承载力分析有重要意义。文章以室内静三轴试验所得软黏土抗剪强度指标c、φ随固结度和静偏应力变化规律为基础,利用大型有限元软件ABAQUS,通过用户子程序USDFLD对土体材料进行二次开发,建立考虑土体抗剪强度指标随固结度和静偏应力变化的有限元模型,进而对重力沉箱式防波堤软土地基承载力进行数值分析。有限元计算结果表明:静偏应力作用下地基土体发生进一步固结,土体固结度随时间增长而增大,抗剪强度指标出现明显增长。依据极限承载力、允许变位的判别标准分别对软土地基承载力进行分析:伴随着土体的不断固结,两种判别标准下的承载力安全系数均明显增大,且后者计算结果相对安全,建议采用允许变位的判别标准来计算实际工程中的承载力安全系数。     

安谷船闸坞式结构三维有限元分析

针对山区河流上高水头船闸坞式结构形式,对多种荷载组合下的结构响应做了数值分析,研究了完建、检修、运行及地震工况条件下闸室段的结构变位与应力分布规律,揭示了结构的不均匀沉陷程度,以及拉、压应力的分布范围和特征值,为结构配筋和地基处理提供了依据.同时,探讨了墙后回填、基岩变形模量等敏感性因素的变化对闸室、闸基工作性态的影响.     

考虑实际约束的沉箱底板内力计算

沉箱为薄壁构件，沉箱外壁和隔墙厚度通常小于底板厚度，难以对底板施加有效约束，不满足现行规范的四边固结板假设。通过采用有限元模型模拟沉箱外壁和隔墙对底板的实际约束效果，分析沉箱底板内力分布规律，并与四边固结板计算结果进行对比，表明按照四边固结板计算的跨中弯矩偏小10%左右，当不存在悬臂趾板时，四边固结板计算的支座弯矩偏大25%;当存在悬臂趾板时，四边固结板计算的支座弯矩偏小，偏差程度与悬臂趾板尺度有关。相关结论对沉箱的设计具有指导意义。     

船闸闸首非线性有限元计算分析

在船闸下闸首工程的结构计算分析中,考虑地基土体材料的非线性特性,采用非线性有限单元法,对嘉陵江新政船闸下闸首进行了计算分析研究。运用ANSYS10.0通用计算软件,建立了三维非线性弹塑性有限元模型,采用D-P准则对闸首的回填土和地基土体进行计算,经对嘉陵江新政船闸闸首在不同工况下的应力和应变分布特征进行分析比较,验证了模型的正确性和实用性。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。