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为了研究船用工程复合材料的界面裂纹特性,建立了刚性-压力敏感粘弹塑性材料Ⅰ型准静态扩展裂纹的力学模型.在稳态扩展阶段,应力和应变具有相同的奇异量级,即(σ,ε)∝γ<'-1/(n-1)>.引入Airy应力函数,通过渐近分析得出了裂纹尖端应力和应变的分离变量形式的渐近解,并采用打靶法求得了裂纹尖端应力和应变的数值结果.数值计算结果表明,界而裂尖场主要受材料的泊松比和幂硬化指数的控制.通过对裂纹尖端场的渐近分析,从应变角度出发,提出了刚性一压力敏感性材料界面Ⅰ型准静态扩展裂纹的断裂判据. 相似文献
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恶劣海况中在多轴高应力、低循环交变载荷作用下,船体结构不仅会出现多轴低周疲劳破坏,而且还存在着明显的累积塑性破坏。应变强度因子ΔKε、J积分是评估船体结构二轴低周疲劳裂纹扩展断裂失效的重要控制参数。本文重点研究了二轴低周疲劳载荷作用下船体裂纹板的累积塑性规律以及二轴低周疲劳裂纹断裂参数。利用有限元数值模拟分析了二轴低周疲劳载荷下不同平均应力、应力幅和二轴应力比等相关因素对应变强度因子、J积分的影响,为正确评估船体裂纹板二轴低周疲劳裂纹扩展断裂行为提供了基础。 相似文献
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裂纹尖端塑性区三维有限元分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
裂纹尖端塑性区的大小与其三维约束状态有关,而三维约束状态不仅与板厚还与外载荷、材料性质有关.因此不论是薄板还是厚板,用平面应力或者平面应变来模拟其状态都有局限性.现阶段对于三维约束状态下的裂纹还没有一个公认的可以准确计算塑性区大小的公式.文章用有限元对小范围屈服下,含Ⅰ型中心穿透裂纹板裂纹尖端的三维塑性区进行了研究,分析了硬化指数、屈服强度以及泊松比对塑性区大小的影响.计算从平面应力逐渐过渡到平面应变,结果与现有理论的预测结果进行比较,进而给出了一个计算裂纹尖端塑性区大小的计算公式. 相似文献
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Keitaro Enami 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2005,10(1):41-52
It is well known that compressive prestrain reduces ductility in steels. On the other hand, it has also been found that high stress triaxiality reduces equivalent plastic strain at the onset of ductile fracture. In this research, plate specimens and notched bar specimens, which were prestrained in compression with bending, were used in reversed bending tests, and the effect of compressive prestrain on ductile crack initiation in steels was investigated. It was found that small ductile cracks occurred from the microscopic wrinkles which were formed on the concave surface with compressive prestrain. The critical relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain at ductile crack initiation was investigated by finite-element analysis. It was found that ductile crack initiation in steels with compressive prestrain can be estimated qualitatively by the relationship between stress triaxiality and equivalent plastic strain. 相似文献
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在船舶建造过程中,高频感应加热是实现船体板材高效高精度弯曲成形的重要方法。本文首先采用25KW新型高频感应加热设备,进行不同感应加热过程及工艺的实验,得到典型弯曲形式的船体外板(马鞍型和帆型)。同时,采用三坐标定位仪进行面外弯曲变形的测量和曲面重构,得到实验板材面外弯曲变形的分布和数值。通过热-弹-塑性有限元分析与弹性有限元分析两种方法,计算预测板材在高频感应加热作用下的面外弯曲变形;两种数值方法预测的板材面外弯曲变形趋势和数值与测量结果比较吻合,且在弹性有限元分析中,计算机资源消耗少,计算结果精度高。 相似文献
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大型船用浮筏气囊隔振系统容易产生弹性变形,不仅会导致筏上设备产生相对位移,危及设备运行安全,还会造成气囊载荷分布不均,降低控制系统对复杂工况的适应性。本文建立某船舶浮筏隔振装置模型,提出一种基于位移参数识别的筏架弹性变形判别方法,并根据此方法分析设备分布和气囊支撑方式对筏架弹性变形和控制系统的影响,最后在试验平台上进行验证。研究成果可为浮筏气囊系统设备分布和气囊布置方案设计提供新的思路。 相似文献
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The paper presents a simplified analytical method to examine the crushing resistance of web girders subjected to local static or dynamic in-plane loads. A new theoretical model, inspired by existing simplified approaches, is developed to describe the progressive plastic deformation behaviour of web girders. It is of considerable practical importance to estimate the extent of structural deformation within ship web girders during collision and grounding accidents. In this paper, new formulae to evaluate this crushing force are proposed on the basis of a new folding deformation mode. The folding deformation of web girders is divided into two parts, plastic deformation and elastic buckling zones, which are not taken into account for in the existing models. Thus, the proposed formulae can well express the crushing deformation behaviour of the first and subsequent folds. They are validated with experimental results of web girder found in literature and actual numerical simulations performed by the explicit LS-DYNA finite element solver. The elastic buckling zone, which absorbs almost zero energy, is captured and confirmed by the numerical results. In addition, the analytical method derives expressions to estimate the average strain rate of the web girders during the impact process and evaluates the material strain rate sensitivity with the Cowper-Symonds constitutive model. These adopted formulae, validated with an existing drop weight impact test, can well capture the dynamic effect of web girders. 相似文献
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本文结合某珊瑚环礁上的实际工程,通过现场和室内试验相结合的方法,对礁灰岩强度及变形特性进行了全面的测试分析,通过对礁灰岩的物理力学参数进行统计分析,提出了利用易获取的纵波波速和点荷载强度指数估算软弱礁灰岩单轴抗压强度和弹性模量的经验方程,具有较高的可靠性,可为礁灰岩力学特性研究和礁岛工程建设提供借鉴。 相似文献
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弹性浮筏系统动力学建模及冲击响应分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
浮筏隔振系统是一种集集中质量,弹簧,阻尼和弹性连续体为一体的复杂动力学系统,被广泛应用于船舶重要设备的振动隔离.本文以多体动力学和结构动力学为理论基础,对弹性浮筏隔振系统进行动力学建模,考虑筏体的刚体运动和弹性变形的耦合,由此推导出整个隔振系统的动力学振动方程.结合具体的算例,求出了弹性浮筏隔振系统的固有频率和对不同冲击激励的响应,指出了筏体的弹性变形对系统动力学性能的影响,揭示了弹性模型的全面性和合理性.该研究可对浮筏系统的优化设计提供理论依据和参考,有一定的工程意义. 相似文献