船型参数对骑浪/横甩薄弱性衡准影响研究

骑浪/横甩是IMO船舶第二代完整稳性的五种失效模式之一,是一种基于概率的稳性衡准,制定规范的目的是更有效地保障船舶在实海域中的航行安全,确保不发生稳性失效情况.本研究中,以IMO有关成员国提出的最新版骑浪/横甩薄弱性衡准草案为基础,基于自主开发的骑浪/横甩薄弱性衡准校核软件,针对围网渔船开展了样船计算和比较分析,研究IMO正在制定的骑浪/横甩薄弱性衡准方法对该类船型的适用情况,分析船型参数对骑浪/横甩薄弱性衡准的影响,为我国参与国际法规制定,提出针对骑浪/横甩薄弱性衡准的提案提供技术支撑和依据.     

船舶纯稳性丧失薄弱性衡准计算研究

国际海事组织(IMO)第二代完整稳性衡准工作组正在制定纯稳性丧失薄弱性衡准。在最近的SDC1会议上提出了新的衡准草案,并在会议期间进行了新的补充。论文首先分析了最新草案中纯稳性丧失的衡准方法;其次选取不同的船型在不同的工况下进行计算分析,研究了目前衡准值的可行性,为IMO船舶纯稳性丧失衡准的制定提供技术支撑。     

基于局部线性化方法的瘫船稳性敏感性分析及衡准完善

[目的]瘫船稳性是当船舶失去动力后,在横风横浪状态下发生共振横摇甚至倾覆的运动模式,是公认的较危险的稳性失效模式。国际海事组织(IMO)船舶设计与建造分委会(SDC)预计将于2019年完成第2代完整稳性衡准规则定稿,目前亟需大量的样船计算以完善规则。[方法]基于局部线性化方法,对3艘集装箱船进行了瘫船稳性第2层衡准校核计算,并分析了瘫船稳性敏感性与船舶各设计参数的关系。[结果]分析结果表明,随着船舶吃水深度的增大,船舶倾覆概率将先增大后减小,并对第2层衡准的标准值选取及衡准完善提出了建议。[结论]可为瘫船稳性衡准研究提供技术支持。     

IMO第二代完整稳性衡准对现有万箱船设计的影响

国际海事组织（IMO）正在制定基于水动力学的第二代完整稳性衡准，新衡准的实施必然对现有船舶的设计带来巨大影响。集装箱船大型化是航运界的发展趋势，万箱船船型订单近年也大幅上升。已有的事故发现大型集装箱船对参数横摇、过度加速度等衡准相对敏感，但现有船舶的设计对此类事故模式考虑较少，因此有必要开展相关研究。本文选取了某万箱集装箱船，对其大量装载工况进行四种稳性失效模式的计算分析，研究了第二代完整稳性的实施对大型集装箱船的稳性影响，并对其装载、设计等提出一定的建议。     

第二代完整稳性衡准,未来新标尺

正随着第二代完整稳性衡准在未来几年内的强制实施,将对我国造船工业产生巨大的影响。对所有海上船舶而言,完整稳性是船舶安全性的重要基础之一,是船舶设计建造的强制性法定要求,船舶设计,特别是新船型的开发与之密切不可分。作为强制性法定要求的船舶稳性规范,对船舶安全航行至关重要。随着第二代     

基于NAPA宏气象衡准二次开发在近海散货船上的应用

针对NAPA公司对国内近海航区未统一开发相关气象衡准,采用手工计算方法解决则计算精度及输出效率非常低的问题,利用NAPA软件中二次开发功能——宏语言,开发近海散货船气象衡准数的计算程序,其具有方便和快捷的特点。同时,以5 000 t近海散货船为例,对《2008年国际完整稳性规则》及《国内航行海船法定检验技术规则》关于气象衡准数进行了对比。结果表明,近海气象衡准数程序极大的提高了计算效率,为设计人员提供了便捷的工具。     

渔船浮心垂向坐标及横稳心半径的估算公式

在船型论证和初步设计中,稳性校验是个重要步骤,常用的方法是按近似公式估算浮心垂向坐标及横稳心半径,再根据装载情况,按一定的稳性衡准校核初稳心高。根据船舶原理,初稳心高     

对长江上游急流内河中小型船提出的简易稳性衡准建议

本文以分析多例实际翻沉事故着手,对内河中、小型船舶的大倾角稳性计算和衡准进行了分析,并提出简易衡准式,对改进这类船舶的稳性衡准有一定的参考价值。     

第二代完整稳性衡准研究最新进展

根据工信部第二代完整稳性衡准高技术船舶科研项目相关研究成果,介绍5种失效模式薄弱性衡准和直接评估的最新进展,有助于将新衡准在实船设计中进行推广应用。     

对一艘双体集装箱船的稳性计算与探讨

双体客船改造为双体集装箱船 ,船舶稳性会发生较大变化。以一艘实船为例 ,对双体集装箱船稳性计算的过程及结果进行了叙述 ,对风压稳性衡准、船舶重心高度对稳性的影响、静倾角衡准及有关规范要求进行了讨论。     

The overall motion induced interruptions as operability criterion for fishing vessels

A new index, namely the overall motion induced interruptions (OMII), is proposed as a seakeeping criterion for fishing vessels, to compare ships having different hull forms and dimensions by means of an only parameter, in a human centred approach, mainly related to the onboard risk level. Therefore, the first aim of the paper is to investigate the factors affecting fishing vessels’ seakeeping performances to improve them to reduce the high number of injuries occurring during fishing operations, mainly related to both risk perception and harsh weather conditions. Despite the classical approach, where motion induced interruption is determined for a certain sea state with regard to several location points, the new index accounts for all crew members’ positions on the working deck, all heading angles the vessel may experience during fishing operations, based on relevant operating scenario, and all sea states the ship may encounter in the fishing area. The influence of position, heading angles and sea states on the attained risk level is fully investigated, analysing seakeeping performances of four fishing vessels with different hull forms and dimensions. Finally, a new operability criterion is proposed, based on OMII, to investigate the influence of ship size and operating scenario on the risk of injuries during fishing operations. Main factors affecting fishing vessels’ seakeeping performances are fully discussed, paying attention to relevant correlation with ship roll natural period.     

渔船稳性研究

稳性是保证渔船安全的重要性能，本文讨论了世界主要稳性规范对渔船的要求，并结合对多艘国产渔船稳性校核结果，对渔船的稳性提出了一些看法。同时，用时域分析方法研究了气象衡准。     

基于广义回归神经网络与遗传算法的玻璃钢渔船船型要素优化研究

利用神经网络的非线性拟合能力,建立了基于广义回归神经网络的"船型要素-船体阻力"数学模型,提高了模型的拟合精度。同时结合遗传算法的非线性寻优能力,利用改进的遗传算法完成了船型要素的优化设计。优化结果可以作为玻璃钢渔船初步设计的技术参考。     

折角型玻璃钢渔船线型设计方法研究

在分析各种船型设计方法的基础上，提出了一种更适合折角型玻璃钢渔船线型变换的设计方法，扩展了传统的母型改造法。特点是在给定母型的型值、柱长Lpp、型宽B、设计吃水T以及设计船的主尺度和主要要素后，就能变换出满足要求的设计船，而不依赖于母型船的横剖面面积曲线，不用保证船舯剖面系数相同，且还能确保折角线的光顺性。通过几条实船的线型设计，证明了该方法的先进性和工程实用性。     

渔船螺旋桨设计软件系统

根据图谱法设计螺旋桨的方法原理,结合实践经验,开发了渔船螺旋桨设计软件系统.文章简单介绍了该软件系统开发过程和方法,并应用于两艘实际渔船.设计参数和渔船实际参数的比较显示,该系统能迅速、有效地完成渔船螺旋桨的设计,改善渔船螺旋桨设计以及渔船动力装置配备.     

Prediction of capsizing probability for a ship with trapped water on deck

The authors have already examined a method for evaluating the capsizing probability of a ship in the dead ship condition based on a piecewise linear approximation of the restoring arm. Here, this method is extended to ships with trapped water on deck. This is because the stability of ships having a relatively high bulwark, such as fishing vessels, could substantially deteriorate due to trapped water on deck. First, the mean amount of water trapped on deck was estimated as a function of the significant wave height and the mean wave period using a model experiment in irregular beam seas. Second, the restoring arm curve with trapped water on deck was calculated hydrostatically and then approximated with a piecewise linear curve. Third, the roll angle was estimated using a nonlinear and uncoupled equation of absolute roll angle under stochastic wave and wind exciting moments. The short-term and long-term capsizing probabilities were calculated for a fishing vessel operating off Kyushu. Numerical results quantitatively demonstrated that the effect on capsizing probability of trapped water on deck cannot be ignored when accurately evaluating the stability of fishing vessels.     

渔港安全监控和信息管理系统研究

渔港是沿海渔区渔船生产、航行,停泊安全的重要基础保障.为加强渔港安全管理、促进渔业经济发展和新农村建设,在研究渔港功能、渔港安全监控和信息管理系统现状的基础上,对船舶动态监控、船岸通信、综合信息管理3个子系统的设计原理和实现途径,对数据接受和处理,船舶动态数据库,目标船化标绘系统,基于AIS(Automatic Identification System)数据的智能船舶动态视频监控4个核心技术问题逐一进行了论述.系统的设计和研发达到了国家中心渔港的建设要求,并满足了渔港安全管理的需要.     

Forecasting fishing vessel responses in coastal areas

A system for forecasting the operability of ships was developed by extending a wave forecasting system with the ship responses to the forecast sea states. The system produces 4-day wave forecasts in an implementation for the Portuguese Exclusive Economic Zone, where the vessels’ seakeeping performance is forecast, although the method presented could well be applied to any other coastal region. The proposed procedure requires the knowledge of the transfer functions for different ship speeds and headings. The computations are made for two different types of fishing vessels that currently operate in the Portuguese coast. Ship motions and derived responses are evaluated with a strip theory code and compared with the prescribed values of relevant seakeeping criteria that represent the limit conditions that still allow standard operational conditions for those vessels. For each forecast sea state at each grid point at a given time, the response spectrum is calculated and operability indexes are computed and compared with the maximum allowed values for a specific operation criterion. The results are presented as operational index maps for various areas of the Portuguese coast, and the information provided by system will help ship masters to plan the operation of their ships, namely to decide the areas to operate in anticipation. In this way, they can identify areas in which the level of operationally of their ships will be degraded due to weather conditions and avoid them.     

极地破冰船动稳性敏感度分析

船舶动稳性性能对于确保恶劣海况下的航行安全具有重要意义。我国的极地破冰船需要经过较长航程的敞水航行才能顺利到达极地冰区,为了评估极地破冰船型在敞水中动稳性的安全水平并为未来新船型的开发积累经验,采用国际海事组织(IMO)第二代完整稳性衡准中的薄弱性衡准方法对两个不同尺度的概念设计方案分别开展了动稳性敏感性评估。研究表明,现有概念设计方案对于参数横摇和过度加速度失效模式表现出了一定的敏感性。通过分析诱发敏感性的船型设计参数,指出了未来开展进一步优化研究的方向。