既有运营地铁车站结构下换乘节点施工方案比选研究

为保证换乘节点施工安全，结合深圳地铁石厦站换乘节点实际情况，对可能出现的施工风险进行分析，提出应对风险的施工方案，并采用数值方法对不同施工方案进行分析比选。数值结果显示： 换乘节点开挖前注浆封闭止水，采用小导洞注浆+台阶法+临时仰拱分层、分块开挖等综合方案施作换乘节点是合理的。现场对既有结构的自动化监测数据显示，施工过程中3号线车站负2层中板最大竖向位移为5.6 mm，车站既有地下连续墙最大深层水平位移仅为0.6 mm，既有结构变形均远小于监测预警值。     

TBM拆卸洞及拆机起重系统优化设计研究

TBM洞内拆机一般是在隧道内修建大断面拆卸洞,安装桥式起重机拆机。大断面拆卸洞施工难度较大,施工工期长,成本投入大。为了缩短TBM拆卸洞施工及拆机时间,减小施工难度,以南疆铁路吐库二线中天山隧道TBM拆机为例,研究设计适应性更好的小车式电动葫芦+倒链起重系统。该系统采取在隧道拱顶布设锚杆来固定导轨和独立吊点。通过对拆卸洞结构原设计方案与优化设计方案进行比选,确定优化断面的结构形式和断面尺寸,优化后拆卸洞断面缩小1/3,施工难度降低,达到安全快速拆卸TBM的目的。     

凝心聚力 创新实干 为推动北京局物资工作又好又快发展而奋斗

1 2007年工作总结 1.1 部、局定任务指标顺利完成 2007年,全局采购进料总额57.3亿元,为年计划的133%.其中,铁道部集采专供34亿元,路局采购14.5亿元,物资供应总段采购4.9亿元,各站段自购4亿元.集中采购占总采购额的93%.采购总额中,采购局多元经济企业产品2.9亿元,为年计划的145%;全局供应总额56.9亿元,为年计划的132%.供应兑现率达到了99.9%,比计划指标高1.9%;全局物资采购节支1.6亿元,为年度指标的160%;全局能源消耗总量153.4万t标准煤,比铁道部下达的控制指标低13.6万t标准煤.万元营业收入综合单耗0.5t标准煤,比铁道部下达的考核指标低0.05 t标准煤.     

Analysis of Adaptability of TBM in Trial Boring Stage of Super long Tunnel（超特长隧洞TBM集群试掘进阶段适应性分析）

The total length of the 2nd stage water transfer project in the northern area of Xinjiang of China is 540 km. The project consists of three tunnels, namely Xi Er (XE) Tunnel, Ka Shuang (KS) Tunnel and Shuang San (SS)〖HJ6.5mm〗 Tunnel, with lengths of 139.04 km, 283.27 km and 92.15 km respectively. All of these three tunnels have deep cover and are super long tunnels, and 95.6% of the total length of these three tunnels is constructed by TBMs. KS Tunnel is the longest water tunnel built or under construction in the world. In the paper, the trial TBM boring scheme and schedule of the water transfer project are introduced; the geological conditions revealed are statistically analyzed; and main project difficulties, i.e. durability of key equipment in long distance driving, passing through fault and fracture zones, water inrush, single head ventilation and transportation in long distance tunneling, anti slope drainage, and rock breaking efficiency and boring efficiency, are put forward. The adaptability of the TBMs used is analyzed from the aspects of adaptability to different surrounding rocks, adaptability to bad geological conditions and countermeasures, long distance ventilation and belt conveyor mucking and countermeasures, and TBM boring stability (such as equipment availability, boring time proportion, system malfunction and operation time). The following conclusions are obtained: (1) Accurate geological survey is the precondition of efficient tunneling. (2) The open type TBM can better adapt to Grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ of surrounding rocks, jointed and fractured zones and small faults; the adaptability of the TBMs used to the large scale fault fracture zones and water rich strata in this project is poor, and it needs to be improved in aspects of TBM equipment, supporting and construction technology. (3) The average availability of the TBM equipment in the trial boring stage is 89.9%, however, the malfunction rate of some ancillary equipment is high, particularly oil leakages occur to the main bearing seals; in order to achieve long distance tunneling, it is necessary to further improve the reliability and durability of the TBM equipment. (4) The average net boring efficiency in the trial boring stage is 296%, and TBM1 in Section Ⅱ of SS Tunnel achieves up to 45.2 % net boring efficiency; and highest monthly progress rate is 1 280 m, which created the highest record of the open type TBM boring in China. (5) TBM need to make great efforts to achieve 90% of the equipment system′s availability and over 40% of the tunneling efficiency.     

金家庄特长螺旋隧道施工通风方案优化分析

为加快长大隧道施工进度，多采用开挖斜井增加工作面，而多工作面同时施工时，通风成为影响掘进速度的重要因素。以金家庄螺旋隧道斜井工区工程为依托，针对左线现有压入式通风方案工作面风量较小、通风效果较差的问题，提出风仓式通风方案。采用三维数值模型对2种方案的“风机-风管-隧道”系统进行计算分析，并将数值计算所得测点风速与现测数据进行校验。计算结果表明： 1）现有压入式通风，风管供风量和洞内风速均不能满足隧道施工通风要求； 2）采用风仓式通风方案后，能较好地控制工作面风管出口风量，使各工作面风量满足要求； 3）风仓式通风具有灵活性，可随着隧道开挖进尺的增加，调节风仓内风机，控制工作面风量； 4）风仓式通风能减少风管长度和转角，从而减少漏风量和风压损失，较好地为工作面提供风量。本文研究成果可为类似工程提供参考，具有实际工程意义。     

土地调查用GPS/PDA实时差分定位系统的坐标转换及精度测试

基于GPS/PDA技术的土地调查用实时差分定位系统能进行全数字化的数据采集、存储和处理.为将GPS测得的WGS-84坐标系下的点位坐标转换成土地利用数据的当地坐标系,采用平面四参数转换模型并进行基准点的兼容性检验.在北京等试点的大量测试表明,该系统能达到厘米级定位精度.     

Key Rock Mechanics Problems and Countermeasures on Huge Diversion Tunnel of Baihetan Hydropower Station（白鹤滩水电站巨型导流洞关键岩石力学问题与对策）

The large scale diversion tunnel of Baihetan Hydropower Station has complex geological conditions, thus various problems of rock mechanics appeared during the process of excavation. Typical damage and fracture mechanics are analyzed in depth, including the collapse along weak rock joint, stress controlled spalling, failure modes of fractured rock mass, relaxation damage of fractured rock columnar joints, localized stress affected by structural surfaces and stress controlled problems of superior fracture combinations. Engineering countermeasures are also summarised, which includes supporting measures, construction methods, supporting time, and monitoring and feedback methods for different types of failure. Through these measures, rock mechanics problems are successfully solved. Stability control of the surrounding rock of underground caverns under complicated geological conditions are achieved, ensuring successful completion of the enormous diversion tunnel of Baihetan.      

关于加强农村消防工作的思考

当前,我国农村消防工作基础依然薄弱,农民消防安全意识普遍淡薄,农村消防基础设施落后,消防安全布局相对混乱,重特大火灾事故不断,消防工作形势十分严峻。2006年中央1号文件《关于推进社会主义新农村建设的若干意见》中提出要加强农村基础设施建设,充分发挥基层派出所三级消防监督管理作用,当地政府和农民群众要及时发现和整改火灾隐患等方面加强和改善消防工作。