Exploration of route choice behavior with advanced traveler information using neural network concepts

A model of driver's route choice behavior under advanced traveler information system (ATIS) is developed based on data collected from learning experiments using interactive computer simulation. The experiment subjected drivers to 32 simulated days in which they were to choose between the freeway or a side road. A neural network model is used as a convenient modeling technique in this initial phase of the analysis. The results indicated that most subjects made route choices based mainly on their recent experiences. It was also demonstrated that route choice behaviors are related to the personal characteristics as well as the characteristics of the respective routes. Travel experiences have less effect on the choice of the side road compared to the freeway and the results indicate that the prediction accuracy of the model, the acceptance rate of advice, and the quality of advice are closely correlated. The model developed here was for advice consistently provided at a level of 75 percent accuracy. The paper concludes with a discussion of experimental limitations and suggestions for future research.     

2008年美国市场新车技术概览（下）

本文介绍美国汽车市场上的从欧洲、亚洲进口的最新车型,以便我们了解美国汽车市场的最新动态。 基于轿车基础上的越野车型的市场（指美国市场）已经形成,汽车厂商们便纷纷对原有车型进行改进并不断推出新车型以满足市场的需求。因此,2008年出现了很多全新的此类进口车型。     

2009年美国市场新车技术概览（上）

本文译自美国《MOTOR》杂志,是对2009美国汽车市场新车型所做的技术预览。通过本文,读者可以了解全球汽车最新技术及发展趋势。考虑到目前能源价格是人们关注的焦点,所以2009年度新上市车型的关键词是：燃油经济性。美国国内的汽车制造商也在为此不断努力,并取得了长足的进步和成就。     

Estimating bus run times for new limited-stop service using archived AVL and APC data

In recent years, several transit agencies have been trying to be more competitive with the automobile to attract choice riders. Transit agencies can only be competitive if they can provide services that are reliable, have a short access and egress time, and have run times that are comparable to automobiles. Several transit agencies try to be competitive through offering faster service, such as limited-stop (express) bus service. This study uses AVL and APC data, in addition to a disaggregate data obtained from a travel behavior survey, to select stops and estimate run times for a new limited-stop service that will run parallel to a heavily used bus route (67 Saint-Michel) in Montréal, Canada. Three different scenarios are developed based on theory and practice to select stops to be incorporated in the new limited service. The time savings for each scenario are then evaluated as a range and a fourth scenario is developed. A limited-stop service is recommended based on selecting stops serving both directions of the route, major activity points and stop spacing. This study shows that implementing a limited-stop service would yield substantial time savings for both, the new limited service and the existing regular service running in parallel.     

The measure of all things: reflections on changing conceptions of the individual in travel demand modeling

Transportation demand modeling has evolved in scope, theory, and practice in the many decades since the US Bureau of Public Roads pioneered home interview transportation studies in metropolitan households in the early 1940s. The major currents of these developments are discussed in the present paper through consideration of the changing role of the individual—as a source of data, as a unit of analysis, and as the intended beneficiary. In addition to reviewing this history we raise, but are unable to resolve, a growing current concern, namely how the public interest can be best served when the transportation data of greatest value is collected by private entities.     

Can bus really be the new tram?

BRT appears to be less expensive to build and operate than tram systems but can it really approach the performance level of a tram system and what is the environmental performance of comparable systems?     

Optimal Control Model Applications and Field Measurements with Respect to Car Driving

The well-known optimal control model has been applied only rarely to car driving, although its structure suits the modelling demands of driving by allowing for a multitask application and providing possibilities for the evaluation of driving in terms of supervisory control. Two series of Supervisory Driver Model predictions are stated for lateral position control in a straight driving scenario with disturbances generated internally by the driver. The first series of model calculations predicts lateral position variations and the time that a driver's vision can be occluded during the observation and control of different combinations of display variables (lateral position, lateral speed, yaw rate, lateral acceleration and yaw acceleration). The second series of predictions concerns two extreme sets of display variables in relation to driving speed and driving experience. Model predictions for the observation and control of all display variables give occlusion times which correspond with data from instrumented car studies with experienced drivers. However, with exclusive observation and control of the lateral position cue, predicted occlusion times are less than found in experimental results of inexperienced drivers. It is suggested that inexperienced drivers are also controlling yaw rate and/or both acceleration cues.     

2003年美国汽车市场进口车型新技术透视

2003年美国汽车市场进口车型中呈现出了一些创新性的技术特征。这些创新性的技术特征,向非连锁经营的独立汽车维修厂提出了新的挑战。因为一般来说他们难于及时充分地获得相应的技术支持。这类创新性的技术特征当中,就包括了性能优良的无级变速器以及W8型发动机。     

Design-Manufacture Interface Relationship Management in Supply Chain

As firms come under greater market pressure, the management of the inter-functional design/manufacture relationship becomes a more important competitive variable. The characteristics of the design-manufacture interface were analyzed, and several methods of the design-manufacture interface relationship management were compared. Based on theories concerned and enterprise practice, how to manage the relationship of design-manufacture interface to reduce the product cost and shorten the time-to-market was demonstrated, finally the competitive advantage was improved.