Analysis of Coastal Wetland Changes Using the “DPSIR” Model: A Case Study in Xiamen,China

Over the past several decades, human activities have had significant impacts on coastal wetlands worldwide. Here, using a model of “Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR)” and data collected from coastal wetlands in Xiamen, China, we have analyzed temporal changes in regional coastal wetland ecosystem structure and function from 1950 through 2005. The study period was divided into four parts for comparative analysis: pre-1980s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000 to present. Our results show that anthropogenic drivers of coastal wetland degradation in this region have increased substantially since 1950, and that this is correlated with a decline in coastal wetland function over the same period.     

TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained.     

Manpower supply and demand of ocean deck officers in Taiwan

This study adopted a 5-year moving average to calculate the transition probability of deck officers in Taiwan from 1993–1998 at different levels in the hierarchy. An absorbing Markov transition matrix was also constructed to forecast the terms of seniority and the annual supply of deck officers. In addition, this work applied the GM (1,1) model of Grey theory to forecast the annual demand of deck officers, and used cross analysis to investigate the manpower supply and demand of ocean deck officers in Taiwan. Results in this study can provide a valuable reference for pertinent authorities when determining the manpower policy of shipping companies in Taiwan.     

自行车在城市交通中的定位

自行车交通具有方便、快捷、无污染的优点,但也存在不少问题,应认真研究其特点及其对城市交通的影响,以便对自行车交通进行科学合理的规划和引导,明确自行车在城市交通中的定位及发展方向。     

交通预测原则和预测模型评价方法

在总结已有研究成果的基础上,提出了交通预测应遵循的原则,并对交通预测评价方法和模型选择等问题进行了探讨,以期更好地指导交通实际预测工作。     

邵怀高速公路项目后评价的设想

介绍了邵怀高速公路建设项目开展后评价的涵义、必要性、作用和遵循的原则,根据我国现有的高速公路后评价内容体系,结合山区高速公路的特点和要求,提出了邵怀高速公路后评价的设想。详述了过程后评价、效益后评价、影响后评价、可持续性后评价的研究内容和实施方法,并着重论述了过程后评价中的前期工作评价和实施阶段评价的具体内容和评价指标。评价成果的经验总结对山区高速公路建设有重要的借鉴意义。     

标准击实试验的曲线拟合方法

对击实试验中矿料和含水量之间的函数关系,基于数值逼近原理,构造三角函数进行曲线拟合,而后对其求导得到最大干密度和最佳含水量。其误差用均方差描述,计算很符合矿料击实曲线的分布规律。结合实例为处理击实试验数据提供了一种方法。     

一种基于边缘颜色的彩色车牌定位算法

为解决车牌识别中车牌定位问题,根据车牌局域颜色变化、车牌宽高、车牌中字符数及车牌中字符颜色变化等特征,提出了基于边缘颜色的车牌定位算法;通过实验,证明了该算法能够有效地克服光线和天气变化的影响,具有很强的抗干扰性能、定位精度高达98.4%.