公路养护管理系统在公路养护工程造价管理体系中的定位研究

针对公路养护管理系统和养护工程造价管理系统在养护工程费用分析和经济分析等方面可能存在功能重合的问题,分析了网级养护管理系统和项目级养护管理系统的造价管理功能特点,并利用灰色关联度分析法进行了项目级养护管理系统与可行性研究之间的比较,从而明确了公路养护管理系统在公路养护工程造价管理体系中的功能定位。结果表明:项目级养护管理系统在大修工程、专项工程或改建工程时相当于项目建议书或初步可行性研究,具有初步估算和经济评价的功能,与它们的工程可行性研究功能不重合,而在中小修时则相当于概算的功能;网级公路养护管理系统则具备养护规划阶段的养护工程造价管理功能。     

浅论中国对外承包企业学习国外工程技术规范

该文结合德黑兰高速公路项目的实施过程,论述了中国对外承包企业学习接受国外工程技术标准和规范的重要性,并总结了两点重要启示。     

改性沥青在高等级公路上的应用研究

通过对几种改性沥青的系统研究，分析了改性沥青改性效果的影响因素，探讨了改性剂、沥青的选择原则以及改性剂剂量的确定方法，研究认为，改性沥青在高等级公路上有着良好的应用前景。     

Fatigue damage calculation for oil tanker and container ship structures

The fatigue behaviour of longitudinal stiffeners of oil tankers and container ships, subjected to dynamic loads, is analysed. The following dynamic load components are considered: hull girder vertical wave bending moment, alone and combined with the horizontal wave bending moment, hydrodynamic pressure and inertial forces caused by cargo acceleration.

The spectral method was selected to calculate the fatigue damage, based on S—N curves and Miner's rule. Following this approach, the fatigue damage may be calculated as a function of a stress parameter Ω_p, which represents the cumulative effect of wave induced loads in the unit of time and incorporates the combined effects of stress level and its occurring frequency.

Simple formulas for Ω_p of oil tankers and container ships are given, obtained from the results of hydrodynamic analyses performed on several ships, in different wave environments.

Several examples show the applicability of the methods to real ship structures. The method, however, still needs to be calibrated because of the simplifying hypotheses introduced in the loading conditions.     

怎样选择3种AIP

阐述3种AIP动力装置的组成、工作原理,分析对比了各种AIP的方案特点,提出对我国常规潜艇AIP的看法.     

形式美在汽车灯具产品设计中的应用

汽车灯具产品的设计已从对功能的需求扩展到对美的追求,因而懂得美学已成为产品设计者的一项基本要求。本文简述审美及形式美的概念,列举一些形式美的常见形式,论述形式美在汽车灯具产品设计中的应用和具体表现。     

地下水位对地基载荷试验影响的讨论

该文就地下水位对地基载荷试验的影响展开讨论。经初步分析、对比了察(尔汗)格(尔木)高速公路软地基处理路段砾石桩复合地基在相邻试验点位,不同地下水位高度的情况下地基承载力的变化。结果发现,试验场地地下水位的高低对试验结果有很大影响,地下水位上升时承载力下降,地下水位下降时承载力有所升高。为此,建议载荷试验时应先了解试验场地天气,并在地下水位最低时开展试验,且试验报告中应注明试验期间的天气情况及试验点的地下水位高度。     

Propagating buckles in corroded pipelines

Rigid–plastic solutions for the steady-state, quasi-static buckle propagation pressure in corroded pipelines are derived and compared to finite element predictions (ABAQUS). The corroded pipeline is modeled as an infinitely long, cylindrical shell with a section of reduced thickness that is used to describe the corrosion. A five plastic hinge mechanism is used to describe plastic collapse of the corroded pipeline. Closed-form expressions are given for the buckle propagation pressure as a function of the amount of corrosion in an X77 steel pipeline. Buckles that propagate down the pipeline are caused by either global or snap-through buckling, depending on the amount of corrosion. Global buckling occurs when the angular extent of the corrosion is greater than 90°. When the angular extent is less than 90° and the corrosion is severe, snap-through buckling takes place. The buckle propagation pressure and the corresponding collapse modes also compare well to finite element predictions.     

泡沫沥青冷再生施工技术节能减排效益分析

泡沫沥青冷再生施工作为一种路面废旧材料再生利用新型冷再生技术,其混合料除了具有良好的路用性能,施工中还可以起到明显的节能减排作用,是发展循环经济、创建环境友好节约型社会的重要举措,目前已开始得到应用和推广;通过对泡沫沥青冷再生施工技术节能效益分析,了解其节约资源、保护环境、减少污染、降低造价等优点。     

浅谈工程质量的提高

从根本上分析了工程质量事故的产生原因,并提出了确保工程质量的几项措施。