Crosswind Feedforward Control - A Measure to Improve Vehicle Crosswind Behaviour

The theory of crosswind feedforward control was explained using the example of a vehicle with active front-wheel steering. Beforehand, the calculation formulas and frequency responses of the transient crosswind force and of the wind yaw moment acting on the vehicle were derived using the example of a simple vehicle fluid model. The influence of the transiency of crosswind disturbance on the dynamic crosswind behaviour of a vehicle was then presented. The results of simulation confirmed the analyses carried out in the frequency domain for feedforward control with front, rear and all-wheel steering. With front-wheel steering, the influence of crosswind on one of the vehicle movement variables (lateral acceleration or yaw rate) could be almost completely compensated by dynamic feedforward control. With rear-wheel steering, it is only possible to compensate directly for the influence on the yawing rate. Due to the setting of the side force in the same direction as the lateral wind force at the start, active rear-wheel steering is not so successful as active front-wheel steering. Nevertheless, the crosswind behaviour of a vehicle can be considerably enhanced by feedforward control with rear-wheel steering. The best crosswind behaviour was obtained with active all-wheel steering: the vehicle hardly responds at all to crosswinds and remains on course despite heavy gusts of wind.     

Use of an activity-based diary to collect household travel data

The paper describes the results of a pilot survey that used a one-day activity diary to collect origin-destination data, as opposed to a travel-based diary. The design of the diary is discussed, together with a comparison to a more conventional travel diary. The paper examines the extent to which the activity diary appears to have been capable of collecting good travel data that is at least comparable to travel diary efforts. In addition, a substantial portion of the paper is concerned with a comparison of the retrieval methods for the diaries. Two alternative methods were pilot-tested, one being the use of telephone retrieval and the other being mailback retrieval. Although the pilot test used small samples, the evidence appears to be strong that mailback is preferable to telephone retrieval, while telephone retrieval did not seem capable of providing some of the benefits often ascribed to it.     

HSST将于日本2005国际博览会投入商业运营

介绍名古屋东部丘陵线的概况和该线所用的磁悬浮运输系统、磁悬浮车辆的技术特点.     

160 km/h～200 km/h客车高性能合成闸片研究

概述了国内外树脂基合成摩擦材料和我国提速列车半金属合成闸片的现状,详细介绍了160km/h～200km/h客车高性能合成闸片的研制情况,并提出了制定160km/h～200km/h客车高性能合成闸片标准时应考虑的主要因素。     

Trading strategies in the market for tankers

This paper introduces a new approach in timing the sale and purchase of ships in the tanker market and examines the performance of this trading strategy over the period January 1976 to September 2004. Based on the long-run cointegration relationship between earnings and price, we establish a trading model which can be used as an indicator of investment or divestment timing decisions. We also perform statistical tests using the bootstrap approach in order to discount the possibility of data snooping biases and test the robustness of our trading models. Our results indicate that trading strategies based on earning-price ratios significantly out-perform buy and hold strategies in the tanker market.     

Waterway traffic analysis of the Chicago River and lock

The vessel-carrying capacity of the Chicago River, Illinois, is restricted by a lock. separating the river from Lake Michigan. Currently, vessels passing through the lock experience long delays during summer months. An investigation and analysis of this system determined that although the system is now generally operating below capacity, the peak periods during summer weekends do approach capacity, and the situation is likely to deteriorate in the future. In addition, the river and lock have safety and traffic conflict problems that need attention. Recommendations to mitigate these problems are described.     

DIG－DNA探针检测宫颈癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒6、11、16、18型DNA

用地高辛配基（Ｄｉｇｏｘｉｎｇｅｎｉｎ）分别标记，制备ＨＰＶ－６、ＨＰＶ－１１、ＨＰＶ－１６及ＨＰＶ－１８的ＤＮＡ探针，应用核酸杂交技术，对３７例宫颈癌活检组织ＤＮＡ作了检测，各型ＨＰＶＤＮＡ的检出率为：ＨＰＶ－６０％（０／３７）、ＨＰＶ－１１２．７（１／３７）、ＨＰＶ－１６６７．５％（２５／３７）、ＨＰＶ－１８１３．５％（５／３７），联合应用ＨＰＶ－１６和ＨＰＶ－１８探针共同检测结果为８１％（３０／３７）。结果显示：我国宫颈癌的发生与ＨＰＶ感染密切相关，联合应用高危型ＨＰＶ探针可提高检出率并可省时、简便。ＤＩＧ标记探针因具特异、敏感、安全和简便诸特点，宜推广应用。     

Performance Potential and Power Consumption of Slow-Active Suspension Systems with Preview

Two possible layouts of a slow-active suspension model are analysed. Optimal control laws for different actuator bandwidths and various amounts of road preview are generated, and estimates of power consumption are made. Higher bandwidth systems (10Hz) require less preview to obtain a given level of performance than those with a lower bandwidth (3Hz) but use more energy in doing so. Similar performance is available from the two systems considered, although the second uses considerably less energy to obtain that performance.