Economic feasibility of an NSR/SCR-combined container service on the Asia-Europe lane: a new approach dynamically considering sea ice extent

The trend towards global warming and the rapid decline in the extent of summer Arctic sea ice over recent years has increased the feasibility of international Arctic shipping. In this study we propose a seasonal NSR (North Sea Route)/SCR (Suez Canal Route)-combined shipping service linking Shanghai and Rotterdam, using the Northern Sea Route during the economical navigable window but using the traditional Suez Canal Route at other times. Different from the previous literatures, this paper dynamically considers the sea ice extent in the model, which is more reasonable for the assessment of Arctic container shipping, because fuel consumption is highly related to ship speed, while ship speed is determined by the relative distances of ice-covered and ice-free route stages. A new approach is developed to predict the time points at which the ship enters and exits the ice-covered stage, given that both the ship position and the extent of sea ice are constantly changing. The results show that the NSR/SCR-combined Arctic container service can be more economical than the SCR, given lower NSR tariffs.     

视频监控系统在港口的应用

在港口的货物仓库、堆场、各出入卡口、码头前沿等监控点安装视频监控探头,构建数字视频监控系统,可以使口岸监管部门实时监控现场情况,并可以通过数字化设备记录取证,从而大大减轻监管人员的劳动强度,提高口岸通关效率.     

拉拔试验研究的现状与发展

加筋土界面的摩擦特性是现代加筋土技术研究的热点和难点,是彻底弄清加筋机理和建立加筋土理论体系的关键。许多学者做了大量的试验和理论研究工作,取得了一些成果,但由于影响筋土界面摩擦特性的因素多,情况复杂,加之目前由于实验设备及方法的限制,有许多问题还未能彻底搞清楚。本文介绍了目前国内外在此问题上的一些研究成果,着重分析了试验的影响因素、存在的问题及今后发展方向。     

水下加筋圆柱壳体的振动与近场声辐射研究

从实验和理论计算两个方面，对敷有隔声去耦材料的水下加筋圆柱壳体振动和声辐射进行讨论分析。实验分为三种工况：双壳全部敷设、双壳60％敷设和双壳不敷设隔声去耦材料，实验结果数据包括模型的振动加速度和辐射声压。理论计算采用有限元结合边界元技术计算模型的低频特性，采用统计能量分析计算模型的中高频特性。通过对实验和计算结果的对比分析，证明隔声去耦材料在200Hz以上能明显减小结构振动和降低辐射噪声。另外，还发现有限元结合边界元的计算结果只在700Hz以下与试验结果吻合较好，这说明传统的FEM＋BEM和统计能量分析在计算复杂结构声振耦合系统时的适用频率范围是不同的，前者适合低频问题，后者适合中高频问题，它们具有互补性。     

Collision avoidance analysis for transition taper length

Transition taper length plays a vitally important role in work zone safety operations because too short a transition taper length will result in higher accident risks and too long a transition taper length could increase traffic delay. This paper evaluates transition taper length under various traffic conditions and road geometries using collision avoidance analysis. The longitudinal distances for lane changing and emergency stopping manoeuvres are respectively calculated using collision avoidance analysis. The higher value between the longitudinal lane changing distance and emergency stopping distance is considered as the expected transition taper length. The comparison of transition taper lengths from the collision avoidance analysis and current empirical transition taper formulae shows that the collision avoidance analysis has the capability of evaluating transition taper lengths. This paper also contributes to providing theoretical supports for these empirical formulae.     

钢板桩双层围堰在奉干路浦南运河桥的施工应用

针对奉干路浦南运河桥的实际情况,介绍了双层钢板桩围堰在施工中的应用。其中详细介绍了钢板桩围堰的设计、施工工艺、施工监测及围堰拆除,并对钢板桩围堰的关键技术进行了总结。     

汽车单筒充气磁流变减振器特性的试验研究

分析了汽车单筒充气磁流变减振器的结构和基于磁流变液Bingham本构关系的阻尼力模型,对用于汽车悬架的国外某单筒充气磁流变减振器阻尼力示功特性、温度特性、活塞磁路磁场特性、磁流变液流变特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,磁流变阻尼器具有很强的耗能性和可控性;随控制电流增加,其阻尼力增大,电流达到一定时磁场出现磁饱和状态,阻尼力将趋于稳定;随着工作温度升高,减振器压缩阻尼力增大,拉伸阻尼力下降。     

电脑仿真电站模拟器的应用

本文叙述了计算机仿真电站模拟器所能实现的功能.并着重介绍计算机仿真电站模拟器的系统软件与硬件结构,以及该系统的开发与广泛的应用.     

惯性/重力匹配组合导航系统的滤波技术研究

文章设计了惯性／重力匹配组合导航系统的卡尔曼滤波器。研究及仿真试验表明，此滤波器是可行的。滤波后可使惯性／重力匹配组合系统相对于无辅助的惯性导航系统，在定位精度、速度精度上等均有很大的提高，对于常值漂移有一定的估计能力。也就是说采用惯性／重力匹配组合导航技术可以实现对惯性导航系统误差的控制，实现高精度导航。     

港口使费的节约途径

根据港口使费的组成,结合船舶的具体实践,分析影响因素,提出节约的途径。