DWT-Based Robust Color Image Watermarking Scheme

A scheme of embedding an encrypted watermark into the green component of a color image is proposed. The embedding process is implemented in the discrete wavelet transformation （DWT） domain, The original binary watermark image is firstly encrypted through scrambling technique, and then spread with two orthogonal pseudo-random sequences whose mean values are equal to zero, and finally embedded into the DWT low frequency sub-band of green components, The coefficients whose energies are larger than the others are selected to hide watermark, and the hidden watermark strength is determined by the energy ratio between the selected coefficients energies and the mean energy of the subband. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed watermarking scheme is very robust against the attacks such as additive noise, low-pass filtering, scaling, cropping image, row （or column ） deleting, and }PEG compression.     

中厚度船用钢焊接技术发展现状

从电弧焊技术、埋弧焊技术、气体保护焊技术、搅拌摩擦焊（Friction Stir Welding，FSW）技术和激光焊技术等方面，对比中厚度船用钢各种焊接技术的特点和应用基础。研究发现，基于船用钢材料本身的裂纹敏感性和焊接厚度的增加，中厚度船用钢焊接技术应向激光-电弧复合焊发展，以解决现有焊接技术的焊接难点。