浅议集装箱提单项下的“不知条款”

集装箱整箱运输中,承运人收到的只是外表状况良好,铅封完整的集装箱,而对箱内货物的实际情况并不了解。因此,承运人为避免收货人的追偿,往往在提单上加注“不知条款”,“不知条款”的出现,改变了承、托双方在货损货差索赔中的地位和法律责任,因此,深入地研究这一条款,对于承、托双方以及收货人都有重大的意义。1“不知条款”的含义及其表现形式所谓“不知条款”是指承运人加注于提单正面或列明于提单背面,表明承运人接收的是集装箱货物,并且对箱内货物的状况、数量一概不知,承运人只要在集装箱外表状况良好、铅封完整的情况下交货,则对于箱…     

船用液货控制系统设计

介绍了一种液货船的计算机集成控制系统架构。该架构将液货船液货系统和压载控制纳入统一的智能化管理平台中,实现了液货船的高度智能化。     

舰船尾部改型的几种措施

介绍尾楔、尾压浪板、尾楔／板结合体、“鸭尾”和增加沉深等五种舰船尾部改型的措施，对国内外的研究以及应用情况进行总结。给出近期设计实践中增加沉深后的改型和原型试验的比较结果。对各种尾部改型的水动力机理进行描述。尾部改型可以起到减阻节能的作用，即可在设计的初步阶段考虑，它们的应用开阔了舰船附体设计的思路。     

锰冶炼男工肝功能的调查研究

为探讨锰对冶炼工人肝功能的影响，对某厂70名冶炼男工和24名对照男工的主观症状和血清总蛋白、白蛋白、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、胆碱酯酶活性和麝香草酚浊度进行了调查，结果显示，作业环境空气中MnO2几何均数为0．65mg/m^3，两组工人的自觉症状主拆率未风显著性差异，上述肝功能指标的均值和异常率比较也无显著性差异。     

新型多粒度物理帧时槽交换技术

在分析现有的基于DWDM的多粒度交换技术存在问题的基础,提出了一种基于DWDM的、能够保证服务质量的新型的多粒度交换技术———物理帧时槽交换技术(Physical Frame Time slot Switching, PFTS)。文中给出了PFTS的帧结构,对PFTS的工作过程和特点以及PFTS的服务质量保证机制进行了讨论。最后将PFTS与近年文献中报道较多的多粒度光突发数据块交换———OBS(Optic Burst Switching)进行了比较。仿真结果表明:在保证服务质量的前提下,PFTS的信道利用率明显高于OBS。     

Fault Diagnosing System of Steam Generator for Nuclear Power Plant Based on Fuzzy Neural Networks

All kinds of reasons are analysed in theory and a fault repository combined with local expert experiences is establishedaccording to the structure and the operation characteristic of steam generator in this paper. At the same time, Kohonen algo-rithm is used for fault diagnoses system based on fuzzy neural networks. Fuzzy arithmetic is inducted into neural networks tosolve uncertain diagnosis induced by uncertain knowledge. According to its self-association in the course of default diagnosis. thesystem is provided with non-supervise, self-organizing, self-learning, and has strong cluster ability and fast cluster velocity.     

DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF GENES IN OMENTAL FAT OF NORMAL WEIGHT AND OBESE SUBJECTS AND OBESE DIABETIC PATIENTS USING cDNA MICROARRAY

Objective To identify genes differentially expressed in omental fat of normal weight subjects,obese subjects and obese diabetic patients. Methods Using a high-density cDNA microarray, gene expression profile of omental fat from normal weigh subjects, obese subjects and obese diabetic patients were compared.Results Totally, 119 and 257 genes were up-regulated in obese subjects and obese diabetic patients respectively,while 46 and 58 genes were down-regulated. A total of 77 genes, including PDK4, which switched from carbohydrate to fatty acids as the primary source of fuel, were up-regulated in both obese and obese diabetic patients, while 8 genes, including key enzymes in lipid synthesis, such as HMG-CoA synthase, fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase, were down-regulated in both groups. Tyrosine-3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein θ ( YWHAZ) , a negative regulator for insulin signal transduction, was up-regulated only in obese diabetic patient, but not in normal-glycemic obese subjects. Conclusion The study demonstrated that decrease of lipogenesis along with increase of fatty acids oxidation of adipose tissue could be a common cause of insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes, while block of insulin signal transduction may trigger the transition from obesity to diabetes. Further exploration of these genes will be useful in the understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes.     

新型城市轨道车辆雨刮器的研制

利用微处理机控制技术的无刷直流电机,设计的"双机双臂"式新型雨刮器,可克服传统雨刮器的较大尺寸四连杆机构安装复杂、运行异响、高速时漂浮、归位不当、维护不便等缺点.     

FMDYH-W稳频稳压型发码电源盒

沈阳铁路局管内所有半自动闭塞区段车站和接近区段均采用微电子交流计数电码化制式。在实际运营中，特别是采用不可靠交流电源（市电、矿电、农电、交流发电机）的车站，机车信号瞬间闪白灯现象尤其突出，严重地干扰了行车秩序。经过深人调研发现，原发码电源盒存在许多设计上的不足，通过技术改进，成功地研制了FMDYH—W稳频稳压型微电子交流计数发码电源盒，并通过了局级技术审查，较好地解决了这一长期困扰行车安全的技术难题。[第一段]     

成昆铁路温泉车站路堤滑坡整治

介绍成昆铁路温泉车站路堤滑坡的成因,采用外挂式路肩桩板墙及路堤边坡支撑渗沟、盲沟等措施整治,效果良好。