Links between subjective and objective evaluations regarding the steering character of automobiles

This work presents an experiment on the relationships between subjective and objective evaluations of vehicle handling. Ten cars were examined objectively in several open-loop driving dynamics manoeuvres and subjectively by test persons in typical traffic situations. Results are extracted from a stationary test (the Slowly Increasing Steer Test), and a dynamical test (the Frequency Response Test). The subjective measurements are obtained from drivers on a rural road course via a questionnaire, which was developed to separately investigate the quantity level perception, the so-called “Niveau”, and the more qualitative “Liking”. These subjective “measurements” are embedded into a two-channel definition of “Steering Comfort” as a genus for “Steering Discomfort” and “Character”. The article concentrates on developing a statistical method for the consideration of correlations amongst the subjective/objective data. In doing so, the variance in example subjective Niveau ratings can be significantly explained by several objective quantities. Indicators for co-domains of validated discomfort characteristics and hints for endeavouring character Liking ranges are detected.     

Analysis process of a steering system using a concept model for idle vibration

This paper describes the development of an optimal design process for a steering column system and supporting system. A design guide is proposed at the initial concept stage of the development process to obtain sufficient stiffness of the steering system while reducing the idle vibration sensitivity of the system. Case studies on resonance isolation are summarized, where vibration modes among the systems are separated by applying a vibration mode map at the initial stage of the design process. This study also provides design guidelines for an optimal dynamic damper system using a CAE (computer aided engineering) analysis. The damper FE (finite element) model is added to the vehicle model to analyze the relation between the frequency and the sensitivity of the steering column system. This analysis methodology makes it possible to achieve target performance in the early design stage and reduction of damper tuning activity after the proto car test stage. Through the proposed steering column system development process, a lightweight vehicle with high stiffness is possible prior to the proto build stage. Furthermore, the improved process is expected to contribute to reducing the overall development period and the number of proto car tests necessary to achieve the desired steering system performance.     

Lane-following method for high speed autonomous vehicles

This paper presents a steering control method for lane-following in a vehicle using an image sensor. With each image frame acquired from the sensor, the steering control method determines target position and direction, and constructs a travel path from the current position to the target position either as an Arc-path or S-path. The steering angle is calculated from the travel path thus generated, and the vehicle follows the travel path via motor-control. The method was tested using a vehicle dubbed as KAV (Korea Autonomous Vehicle) along an expressway (Seoul Inner Beltway) trajectory with a variety of radii (50 m ∼ 300 m) while traveling at a speed of 60 km/h to 80 km/h. Compared with an experienced human driver, the method showed little much difference in performance in terms of lane-center deviation. The proposed method is currently employed for high speed autonomous driving as well as for stop and go traffic.     

双十字轴万向节转向系统力矩波动的优化设计

汽车转向力是汽车操纵稳定性评价中的重要指标,转向力的力矩波动直接影响着驾驶感受,合理的相位角设计能够有效地减少力矩波动。本文阐述了转向系统力矩波动原理,并运用该方法进行了某车型转向系统的优化设计。     

基于模态试验和有限元模态分析的转向盘怠速抖动改进

针对某车型怠速工况下转向盘抖动问题,对整车进行了怠速振动试验并对转向盘进行了模态试验,确认转向盘系统与仪表板横梁及横梁与车身连接处的连接刚度不足导致整个转向系统模态下降,从而引起了共振。针对该问题建立了转向系统有限元模型,并根据模态试验结果对模型进行了验证。在该模型基础上对上述连接刚度进行了优化,对优化方案进行试验验证的结果表明该方案有效。     

多轴转向驱动桥转向锁止拉杆铰点位置的优化设计

开发了一种工程机械专用车辆,驱动型式为6×6,全轮转向。其2、3桥采用同步液压转向,且配有转向锁止机构。理论上,转向锁止拉杆被固定后,车辆在水平路面上行驶时各点相对静止,但实际路面总有凸凹之处,会引起超静定问题的发生,从而加剧了轮胎的磨损。为了延长轮胎的使用寿命,初步确定将轮胎与地面间的附加滑移量限制在0.2mm以内。探讨了各推力杆作上下平移或者左右移动时,驱动轴在跳动过程中这些因素对轮胎产生附加摆角的影响程度。优化结果表明,即使跳动量达到100mm,轮胎与地面的最大附加滑移量也仅为0.105mm,达到了预期的优化目标。     

某自卸车转向与悬架干涉的ADAMS校核和优化设计

汽车设计中通常采用平面作图法校核转向与悬架干涉量,但该方法有一定缺点。本文结合某自卸车的方案布置,探索运用ADAMS/View软件对转向与悬架干涉量进行校核和优化设计的方法。以车轮跳动引起的转向与悬架干涉量最小为优化目标,对转向垂臂的布置位置进行了优化,并对制动引起的转向与悬架干涉量进行了校核。按照优化结果进行布置,可得到理想的转向、悬架协调运动关系。     

基于模态分析的汽车转向盘怠速抖动优化

针对某轿车怠速开空调转向盘抖动的问题,对转向盘和排气系统模态进行分析,发现该车转向盘和排气系统在约束条件下的模态参数与发动机的2阶点火频率相一致.调整了其转向盘和排气系统的模态,并针对优化后转向盘进行了振动试验.结果表明,转向盘X方向的振动由0.90 m/s2降为0.31 m/s2,Y方向的振动由1.05 m/s2降为...     

基于MATLAB的转向梯形机构参数分析及优化设计

为了优化转向梯形结构,文章根据阿克曼原理,在整体式转向梯形机构中,建立了以外侧车轮的实际与理论转角的偏差最小,为目标函数的优化数学模型。应用MATLAB软件编程仿真分析了转向梯形底角和梯形臂长度对目标函数的影响,仿真结果表明：梯形底角对转向性能的影响,比转向梯形臂的长度对转向性能的影响显著。通过实例介绍了一种没有加入权重函数,而是根据计算数据和图形曲线,直接找到汽车常用转角范围的最优解的设计方法。最后运用MATLAB软件完成了转向梯形机构的优化。该方法对如何在制造和装配过程中尽量减小梯形底角的各种误差具有借鉴作用。     

重型车辆多轴转向系统设计综述

综述了重型汽车多轴转向系统设计的现状、主要内容及方法,分析了目前我国存该领域研究所存在的主要问题,提出了基于整车底盘系统集成优化匹配平台的转向系统设计方法.以某8×4载货汽车双前桥转向系统为例,阐述了基于该方法的横拉杆设汁过程.结果表明,该设计方法能够充分发挥所集成的各优化分析软件的优势,实现各车型设计的高效率与自动化.