Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

Numerical simulation of the flow about self-propelling tanker models

A time-marching CFD simulation is performed for self-propelling ships. The flow about the hull is simulated by the finite-volume method, and the propeller action is approximated as a propeller disk for which the solution is given by a simplified propeller model. The interaction of two flow models is treated in a time-marching procedure converging towards the steady self-propelling condition. This method is applied to five tanker models, and detailed comparisons are made between the simulated results and corresponding experimental results. It is shown that the flow field in the self-propelling condition is qualitatively well reproduced in the simulation, and the estimated thrust deduction factors for the five hull forms agree well with measured ones. However, the effective wake factors are underestimated, since the Reynolds number in the simulations differs from that in the experiment.     

应用复合梁单元实现钢管混凝土拱桥的极限承载力分析

进行大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的极限承载力分析,需要综合考虑几何和材料非线性、混凝土收缩和徐变、温度变化等多种因素的影响。本文从固体力学的基本理论出发,建立适于考虑上述诸多因素的复合梁单元,阐述了基于该单元的钢管混疑土拱桥极限承载力分析程序的实现方法,并通过与一个哑铃形截面钢管混凝土组合式拱肋极限承载力试验结果的对比验证了其可行性。     

芜湖长江大桥吊索塔架的设计与施工

芜湖长江大桥无为岸九孔钢梁中有八孔采用吊索塔架辅助全伸臂方法施工。吊索塔架为轴心受压杆件,经吊索传来的力通过塔架中心立柱顶部拉板分配给中心立柱,中心立柱通过其下的支承座支承在钢梁顶的支承垫座上,将力传给钢梁。当塔架作业时,中心立柱将被顶起,塔架的走行结构也将被顶离轨顶。吊索塔架由中心立柱、立柱下支承座、垫座、万能杆件系统、走行结构、吊索和锚箱及下锚箱加长拉板等几部分组成。走行机构有四组,走行轨道设在钢梁上弦杆顶。中心立柱由标准节、顶节、底节、顶部拉板和立柱上支承座五部分组成。     

装配式公路钢桥承载力的有限元分析

指出装配式公路钢桥设计中所采用的简化计算方法的不足,使用大型有限元软件ANSYS对其受力情况和承载力进行了分析,并与简化计算方法作了对比,得出了一些规律性的结论,对实际应用具有指导意义。     

阜朝高速公路湿陷性黄土段小桥涵地基的处治

湿陷性黄土易产生沉降变形,且承载力低。本文介绍阜朝高速公路湿陷性黄土段小桥涵地基处治的一些方法。     

同步发电机参数辨识的相关方法探讨

随着电网安全及稳定运行问题的重要性日益突出,基于获得准确的系统模型和参数辨识方法,优化同步发电机相关参数将是十分有意义的。本文针对当今几种比较典型的参数辨识方法做了系统的介绍,通过比较得出何种方法对于同步电机的参数辨识是最适合的。     

基于虚交偏角法的圆曲线特殊情况的测设

通过对多种圆曲线（包含缓和曲线）测设方法的比较，提出用虚变偏角法配合自行编制的CASIO-fx4500pA计算器程序来解决测设圆曲线特殊情况的方法，与传统的测设方法相比，可取得更高的精度。     

港口腹地划分的两种新方法探讨--以大连国际航运中心为例

引入经济地理学的新理论成果———圈层结构法和点轴法,提出了圈层结构划分法和点轴结构划分法两种新的港口腹地划分方法,并应用这两种新方法对大连国际航运中心港口腹地范围的界定与划分进行实例分析。与以往的行政区划法、经济区域法等港口腹地划分方法相比,这两种方法更加注重对港口原有腹地的细分,更接近于港口腹地的实际状况,进而有利于港口企业的经营发展。     

钢筋混凝土桥梁裂缝成因分析

钢筋混凝土桥梁开裂是桥梁工程中普遍存在的现象，它不仅影响结构的外观和使用寿命，还危及到结构的安全。此文针对钢筋混凝土桥梁工程中常见的裂缝现象，分别阐述了产生裂缝的原因，以寻求控制裂缝的有效办法。