102 m系杆拱桥跨铁路站场顶推施工技术

通过石环高速公路东互通立交桥的施工实践,研究总结了长距离、大跨径系杆拱桥、钢筋混凝土箱梁跨密集型铁路站场顶推施工的方案设计和顶推施工及质量控制措施,对同类桥梁的顶推施工具有很好的借鉴作用。     

软弱富水Ⅵ级围岩隧道下穿道路及数值分析

研究目的:针对江门隧道软弱富水Ⅵ级围岩段隧道施工难题,为保证隧道施工安全及下穿段道路的运营安全,选择合适的超前预加固方式和隧道开挖方法。研究结论:(1)采用施作水平旋喷桩超前加固、大管棚超前支护和CRD工法进行开挖,保证了隧道下穿段的施工安全。(2)借助有限元计算软件,对隧道开挖过程进行全过程数值模拟,对开挖过程中围岩应力和位移变化趋势进行分析,确定施工控制和地表变形监测重点。(3)在施工过程中钢架需及时封闭成环,防止底部出现较大的位移,产生底臌现象。     

常规沥青的针入度等级和PG高温等级间的关系

选取了具有代表性和涵盖性的7种常规沥青试样,分别进行了薄膜烘箱老化前后的25℃针入度和多个温度下的动态剪切试验;测试了沥青胶浆以及经现场老化的常规沥青的25℃针入度及其PG高温指标。在综合分析各种沥青的试验结果的基础上,提出了常规沥青的针入度等级和SUPERPAVE的PG高温等级间的关系。     

Transport energy consumption in mountainous roads. A comparative case study for internal combustion engines and electric vehicles in Andorra

This paper analyses transport energy consumption of conventional and electric vehicles in mountainous roads. A standard round trip in Andorra has been modelled in order to characterise vehicle dynamics in hilly regions. Two conventional diesel vehicles and their electric-equivalent models have been simulated and their performances have been compared. Six scenarios have been simulated to study the effects of factors such as orography, traffic congestion and driving style. The European fuel consumption and emissions test and Artemis urban driving cycles, representative of European driving cycles, have also been included in the comparative analysis. The results show that road grade has a major impact on fuel economy, although it affects consumption in different levels depending on the technology analysed. Electric vehicles are less affected by this factor as opposed to conventional vehicles, increasing the potential energy savings in a hypothetical electrification of the car fleet. However, electric vehicle range in mountainous terrains is lower compared to that estimated by manufacturers, a fact that could adversely affect a massive adoption of electric cars in the short term.     

信号交叉口行人二次过街下右转车通行能力与延误估计模型

在充分分析典型四相位交叉口行人二次过街设置前、后的行人流与右转车流冲突的前提下，以行人过街时间占有率和行人群到达分布作为分析指标，利用可插车间隙理论得出行人单向通行和双向通行条件下的右转车通行能力计算公式；根据行人流随机消散和集中消散的不同特征，应用随机分布理论推导出右转车穿越行人流的延误模型；并通过算例对比分析行人二次过街设置前、后右转车通行能力和延误的变化值。结果表明，除了在少数行人流量比较大的情况下， 行人二次过街的设置会小幅度减少右转车的延误；在其他大多数情况下，行人二次过街设置后， 右转车的通行能力将受到限制，延误增大，其中，平均通行能力降低了16.68%，平均延误时间增大 了21%，所以，当右转车交通需求较大时，需同时考虑行人和右转车的交通运行状态，优化设计是否采用行人二次过街，避免右转车超出极限忍耐时间而增大与行人冲突的概率。     

基于传播模型的非机动车违规过街行为研究

为研究信号交叉口非机动车违规过街行为，选取西安市的7个信号交叉口，通过视频拍摄获取资料，应用复杂网络来分析非机动车网络的结构特征和演化规律.建立了交叉口非机动车网络，基于SI模型的基本思想，提出了非机动车违规过街行为的传播模型.并通过python程序进行模拟分析，在不同的网络结构和不同的传播率下，获取了非机动车违规过街的行为趋势.结果表明：随着等待时间的增加，一旦有骑行者闯红灯，更多的骑行者将加入到违规过街的行列；在内向度和外向度方面，电动自行车均高于普通自行车；非机动车违规行为随着传播率及非机动车流量的增加而增加.     

立交隧道相互作用三维数值模拟与实测对比研究

以温福铁路琯头岭隧道下穿同三高速公路隧道为例,研究新建下穿隧道与既有隧道工程之间相互影响的问题。采用ANSYS有限元软件,模拟上覆公路隧道和下穿铁路隧道的位移和应力变化情况,并与现场监控量测结果对比,得到以下结果:下穿隧道拱顶沉降量较小,水平收敛值较大,下穿隧道立交段拱腰和边墙是需要重点支护的对象;上覆隧道在立交段下沉值变大,变化幅度为仰拱边墙拱腰拱顶,隧道中部和下部水平收敛值变化较大;受下穿隧道开挖影响,立交隧道上覆地层受力产生不均匀变化,造成扭矩存在,地面水平位移整体呈现"8"字形,立交隧道的建设对地层产生了较大的转动扰动。     

Dynamic simulation of train–truck collision at level crossings

Trains crashing onto heavy road vehicles stuck across rail tracks are more likely occurrences at level crossings due to ongoing increase in the registration of heavy vehicles and these long heavy vehicles getting caught in traffic after partly crossing the boom gate; these incidents lead to significant financial losses and societal costs. This paper presents an investigation of the dynamic responses of trains under frontal collision on road trucks obliquely stuck on rail tracks at level crossings. This study builds a nonlinear three-dimensional multi-body dynamic model of a passenger train colliding with an obliquely stuck road truck on a ballasted track. The model is first benchmarked against several train dynamics packages and its predictions of the dynamic response and derailment potential are shown rational. A geometry-based derailment assessment criterion is applied to evaluate the derailment behaviour of the frontal obliquely impacted trains under different conditions. Sensitivities of several key influencing parameters, such as the train impact speed, the truck mass, the friction at truck tyres, the train–truck impact angle, the contact friction at the collision zone, the wheel/rail friction and the train suspension are reported.     

珠三角地区航道水深和码头水域水深的探讨

根据我国港口航道技术规范,珠三角地区的航道水深、码头泊位水深不能满足公布的通航船舶要求,建议加大水深尺度、强调通航水深,对于利用高潮位靠泊的码头,要进行技术论证,采取相应措施．     

公路交通安全评价系统1．0版本的开发与应用

实践证明,公路交通安全评价是提高公路安全水平的有效手段。尽管其在我国还是一个较新的课题,但已经引起相关部门的重视,国内也开展了很多安全评价方法的研究。《西部地区公路安全评价》是系统研究公路安全评价方法的一个课题。而公路交通安全评价系统1.0版本是在该课题成果基础上开发的一套实用化的工具,它包括交通基础数据的管理和事故多发段判别、规范符合性分析、事故预测、速度一致性分析、路侧危险度分级等分析模块。本文对该系统各个模块的功能进行了阐述。