Sediment geochemistry and mineralogy in Milos bay, SW Kyklades, Aegean Sea, Greece

This work aims at studying the geochemistry and mineralogy of Milos bay surface sediments. The bay forms an enclosed marine area, supplied totally by volcanic formations. Totally 16 samples were subjected to sedimentological (grain size), mineralogical (microscope examination and X-ray diffraction of the bulk sample and the pelitic fraction), and geochemical analyses (X-ray fluorescence in the pelitic fraction). Also the carbonate content was determined. Sediments were sandy with a high carbonate content (14–58%). The dominant minerals recognized in the pelitic fraction were smectite, kaolinite and illite, followed by chlorite, quartz, calcite, Mg-calcite and feldspars. In general, element concentrations appeared to be within the normal range, except Pb and Zn, which exhibited relatively high values. The Index of Geoaccumulation I_geo was computed, in order to investigate a possible enrichment of the surface sediments in metals. The analysis revealed again high values of I_geo class for both Pb and Zn. A careful study of the area, in relation to the quality of the catchment basins petrology, lead to a non-anthropogenic origin of these high concentrations. The enrichment of the surface sediments in Pb and Zn is attributed to the weathering of several mineral deposits, pyroclastic rocks and lavas, covering almost all Milos vicinity. A study of the geochemical data correlation coefficient matrix revealed three major groups of elements: (i) the elements of detrital origin represented by Si, Al, K and a part of the metals; (ii) the carbonates group; and (iii) a Fe–Mn oxyhydroxides–oxides group, which attracts a part of Pb, Cr and Ni.     

重庆朝天门长江大桥施工控制压重方案设计

朝天门长江大桥全长932 m,主桥为(190+552+190)m三跨连续单拱钢桁梁。结合主跨合龙特点介绍主跨合龙的思路、计算及操作要点,应用大型有限元分析程序MIDAS建立了朝天门长江大桥的三维有限元简化计算模型,并对其进行了施工过程控制分析。压重方案设计可以为同类桥梁的施工控制分析提供有益的思路。     

高速公路雾区智能电子诱导系统

高速公路雾区智能电子诱导系统,是由多种高速公路监控设备、入侵探测技术和控制软件构成。采取动态节点探测器对驶入雾区的车辆作为移动物体进行连续检测,根据能见度仪检测的数值控制公路一侧的双色诱导灯转换数量,形成前后车辆的需要保持的安全行车距离,对车辆在雾区行驶实行诱导,旨在保障雾区不封道的情况下车辆行驶,它将有助于我国的智能交通管理的形成。     

Modeling Feedback Scheme of Empty Cars in Unloading End of Heavy Haul Railway

The transportation organization of heavy haul railway is complex in China, especially, the feedback of empty cars. On the basis of reference to the existing research results, and deep analysis of the characteristics of empty cars distribution of heavy haul railway, the authors construct the feedback schematic model of empty cars in unloading end of heavy haul railway. The minimum quantity of the combined trains and the time for combination is taken as the model goal and solution algorithm on the basis of minimum cost and maximum flow is formulated. Daqin railway is taken as an example and relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of empty cars of heavy haul railway, through an analysis of calculation results, are drawn.     

Bolster spring fault detection strategy for heavy haul wagons

An on-board health monitoring system is proposed for heavy haul wagons in this paper including a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) method and an on-line fault diagnose strategy. Such a system, to be feasible on freight wagons, must be sufficiently cheap and robust, hence the design assumes the constraint of using only two accelerometers mounted on the front left and right rear part of each carbody in a heavy haul train. This paper focuses on the detection of bolster spring fault conditions. The problem is made more complex by the modes of failure which might be expected in bolster spring nests. Types of spring failure are firstly identified and discussed covering situations of broken (shortening springs) and softening (individual spring loss from a nest or cross-section loss through corrosion). The effects of these faults and their detectability were investigated using simulations on straight and curved track and using a fully detailed model of a typical 40?t axle-load heavy haul wagon. The simulation results were then examined and compared using cross-correlation analysis and an FDI system was proposed. The FDI system introduced five possible fault indicators. Initial results indicated that it was possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25%. An on-line fault diagnoses strategy is proposed for bolster spring faults which only requires data from wagon monitoring during travel around sharp curves to detect and the occurrence of confirm faults. The functionality envisaged needs only a ‘once per trip’ monitoring site, such as a sharper curve, and is aimed at condition monitoring rather than the provision of alarms or comprehensive monitoring of all events.     

浅谈设备大修与更新阶段的成本控制

在设备日常管理中应该以主动维护代替大修,尽量降低修理级别,并将设备大修及技术改造与设备更新结合起来,充分发挥设备效能,降低综合管理成本,实现企业利润最大化.     

关于货车转向架的发展探讨

分析了国内外货车转向架的发展现状 ,根据国外转向架发展趋势 ,得出研制大轴重、高速货车转向架应遵循的原则。提出了我国未来货车转向架研制新的要求。最后介绍了 2 5t轴重货车转向架的研制情况。     

使用有限元分析以改善重载运输车轴

分析了北美铁路货运发生的车轴故障,介绍了使用有限元对F级和K级车轴进行应力分析计算,研究车轴尺寸变化对应力的影响,并提出了改善重载车轴设计的建议.     

货车重载牵引杆在大秦线上的应用前景分析

介绍了牵引杆在国外的运用情况以及重载牵引杆的结构特点、性能特征、强度及技术经济性,分析了其在大秦线上的应用前景。     

铁路充电间酸雾治理措施的研究

酸性蓄电池在铁路内应用较多。充电过程中散发的酸雾为气溶胶，酸雾对人体和设备可造成危害，必须采取通风措施进行治理。在通风设计中，应对车间空气的含氢气量、换气次数进行计算，以保证通风效果。排气罩是通风系统中关键部件，通过对多种罩口型式的比较，说明活动式密闭罩是控制酸雾扩散的较好罩口形式。冲击式填料酸雾净化塔，以氢氧化钠溶液为吸收液，可使酸雾的排放浓度达到国家卫生标准。