智能网联车环境下高速匝道汇入车流轨迹优化模型

为了解决传统匝道控制车流汇入时车辆需要减速至停止,从而造成延误时间过长的问题,提出了一种智能网联车环境下的高速匝道汇入车辆轨迹优化的两阶段优化模型,其中,第1 阶段优化车辆进入匝道口的时序;第2 阶段基于第1 阶段的最优时序,优化车辆轨迹. 根据所构建的模型设计了一种启发式算法优化车辆通过匝道冲突区域的时序,然后结合 GPOPS工具优化车辆的轨迹.为了验证所提出方法的有效性,将所提出的方法应用到20 min 随机到达的车流,进行仿真实验.实验结果表明,与先进先出的方法相比,本文所提出的方法能够使总延误减少59.7%,总油耗减少10.5%,说明该方法能够实现车辆以较高的速度通过匝道冲突区域,有效地减少了车辆汇入延误,同时也节约了油耗.     

Definition of a merging assistant strategy using intelligent vehicles

In the area of active traffic management, new technologies provide opportunities to improve the use of current infrastructure. Vehicles equipped with in-car communication systems are capable of exchanging messages with the infrastructure and other vehicles. This new capability offers many opportunities for traffic management. This paper presents a novel merging assistant strategy that exploits the communication capabilities of intelligent vehicles. The proposed control requires the cooperation of equipped vehicles on the main carriageway in order to create merging gaps for on-ramp vehicles released by a traffic light. The aim is to reduce disruptions to the traffic flow created by the merging vehicles. This paper focuses on the analytical formulation of the control algorithm, and the traffic flow theories used to define the strategy. The dynamics of the gap formation derived from theoretical considerations are validated using a microscopic simulation. The validation indicates that the control strategy mostly developed from macroscopic theory well approximates microscopic traffic behaviour. The results present encouraging capabilities of the system. The size and frequency of the gaps created on the main carriageway, and the space and time required for their creation are compatible with a real deployment of the system. Finally, we summarise the results of a previous study showing that the proposed merging strategy reduces the occurrence of congestion and the number of late-merging vehicles. This innovative control strategy shows the potential of using intelligent vehicles for facilitating the merging manoeuvre through use of emerging communications technologies.     

立交匝道的超高与横坡

为配合建设部《城市道路交叉设计规程》的编写 ,本文根据目前道路超高与横坡设计的习惯做法 ,结合国内外已取得的成功经验 ,针对城市立交匝道 ,从道路条件和行驶舒适性分别阐述了最大横坡和横向摩阻系数的取用原则 ,对比了超高与横向摩阻系数在平衡车辆行驶于弯道所产生的侧向离心力的各种组合及协同作用 ,总结提出了适合我国的立交匝道超高与横坡设计的各项设计指标和设计方法。     

通惠河北路立交匝道桥设计简介

介绍北京通惠河北路道路立交中的Z3、Z4匝道桥钢箱梁的构造、设计和施工特点。     

对互通立交设计的几点见解

互通式立交是干线公路交叉的主要方式之一，更是高速公路重要的构造物之一，正确把握互通立交设计要素．合理选择互通立交方案，准确应用技术指标，对保证行车安全和服务水平，降低公路工程投资，节约土地和提升公路景观效果等至关重要。     

Queue length estimation at metered freeway‐to‐freeway connectors

Freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is a cost‐effective and proven freeway management strategy for relieving recurrent congestion. However, one of the critical challenges in design and operation of freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is the lack of up‐to‐date queue storage length design guidance. In this study, it was found that ramp queue is dynamically related to the metering rate, on‐ramp demand, and traffic flow arrival pattern. Hence, simply using an average demand cannot provide accurate queue length estimation and is also not suitable for queue storage design where the maximum or a percentile queue length is generally used. A mesoscopic queue length simulation model was developed based on the input–output method for estimating queue lengths under various demand‐to‐capacity ratio scenarios. Simulation results indicate that for under‐saturated situations, the ramp queue may exist temporally due to the random short‐term surge of traffic arrivals, and the exponential function could best capture the relationship between queue length and demand‐to‐capacity ratio. For over‐saturated situations, the ramp queue tends to prolong linearly with the demand‐to‐capacity ratio. Based on the simulation, it was recommended that queue storage length be designed as 4.3% of on‐ramp demand when demand is lower than 1200 vph or 2.3% when demand is between 1200 and 2400 vph. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高速道路入口匝道控制方法及应用探索

入口匝道控制是高速道路交通管理与控制的重要方法.对国外高速道路入口匝道的交通机理和控制方法进行系统分析和总结,重点对国外典型的多匝道动态协调控制算法进行论述,并对今后的研究方向提出展望.最后结合国内的实际情况,从交通量、几何线形、通道控制、协调配合、政策制定、仿真评价等方面对入口匝道控制在国内的相关工程应用做了初步探索.     

基于人工神经网络的快速路入口匝道流量预测

已有快速路入口匝道控制手段是以定时控制方法为主,虽然存在动态调整等方法,但缺乏预测机制,这主要是由于车流的动态性和随机性而难以进行定量分析,引入人工神经网络可对车流进行动态预测。分析了影响主线交通量的与匝道相关的因素,并在此基础上建立了神经网络预测模型,通过上海典型匝道（延安路-江苏路）一组实测数据对网络进行训练和预测,得到了满意的效果。     

公路计量支付实施技巧探讨

公路工程中,及时、准确地做好计量支付工作,才能有效地控制工程投资,保证工程质量,加快工程进度.结合项目实例.探讨公路工程中的计量支付和其实际应用技巧,为同行提供参考.     

山区公路避险车道的设计探讨

结合某山区公路出现长大下坡路段的情况,采取设置避险车道的方法以提高公路运营安全性,介绍设计流程和方法.为同类工程提供参考借鉴.