船用柴油机气缸套穴蚀的成因及其预防措施

文章介绍了船用柴油机气缸套穴蚀的现象,分析了穴蚀的成因机理,提出了提高气缸套抗穴蚀能力的一些具体措施,并对船用柴油机气缸套的设计、制造与维修提出一些建议,以延长气缸套的使用寿命。     

光源前置消光法测量缸内碳烟瞬态生成过程

开发了一种全新的碳烟测量方法——光源前置消光法(FILE),并进行了台架开发和标定试验.结果表明,FILE测量碳烟仅需一个光学窗口且激光两次穿过碳烟生成区域,因此更适用于结构位置紧凑的发动机缸内测量.采用高速摄像机拍摄了柴油燃烧过程中碳烟情况.表明:碳烟高密度区主要集中在油束下游火焰中心区和缸壁附近低氧区域;环境温度为...     

高载荷气缸盖刚度和强度的分析研究

以承受20 MPa爆发压力的铝合金气缸盖为研究对象进行结构设计开发。采用有限元仿真分析的方法对5种不同方案的气缸盖刚度和强度进行数值模拟,并在综合性能较好的F0方案气缸盖上开展电测试验和疲劳试验。结果表明,气缸盖主承力结构的调整对气缸盖各处最大主应力有不同的影响规律;F0方案气缸盖具有一定的高周疲劳可靠性;电测试验结果与仿真结果基本吻合,验证了仿真分析方法的正确性;疲劳试验验证了优化后的气缸盖可满足20 MPa爆发压力的设计需求。     

Profit-based maritime container assignment models for liner shipping networks

We propose the problem of profit-based container assignment (P-CA), in which the container shipment demand is dependent on the freight rate, similar to the “elastic demand” in the literature on urban transportation networks. The problem involves determining the optimal freight rates, the number of containers to transport and how to transport the containers in a liner shipping network to maximize the total profit. We first consider a tactical-level P-CA with known demand functions that are estimated based on historical data and formulate it as a nonlinear optimization model. The tactical-level P-CA can be used for evaluating and improving the container liner shipping network. We then address the operational-level P-CA with unknown demand functions, which aims to design a mechanism that adjusts the freight rates to maximize the profit. A theoretically convergent trial-and-error approach, and a practical trial-and-error approach, are developed. A numerical example is reported to illustrate the application of the models and approaches.     

罐体组对设备中筒体和支撑特征参数的研究

对筒体及其支撑的受力情况进行有限元分析计算,得出了在组对过程中筒体的壁厚、内径、支撑杆数和支撑误差等参数的变化对筒体变形、圆周误差及应力的变化规律,确立了诸多重要工程设计参数的选择原则,提高了组对过程中对结果预见的准确程度.     

EQ6100发动机缸盖平面度测量系统研制

本文通过介绍6100发动机缸盖平面度测量系统,论述一种快速精密测量位移的方法和一种用于平面度在线测量的简便实用算法。     

Game-theoretical models for competition analysis in a new emerging liner container shipping market

This paper develops three game-theoretical models to analyze shipping competition between two carriers in a new emerging liner container shipping market. The behavior of each carrier is characterized by an optimization model with the objective to maximize his payoff by setting optimal freight rate and shipping deployment (a combination of service frequency and ship capacity setting). The market share for each carrier is determined by the Logit-based discrete choice model. Three competitive game strategic interactions are further investigated, namely, Nash game, Stackelberg game and deterrence by taking account of the economies of scale of the ship capacity settings. Three corresponding competition models with discrete pure strategy are formulated as the variables in shipment deployment are indivisible and the pricing adjustment is step-wise in practice. A ɛ -approximate equilibrium and related numerical solution algorithm are proposed to analyze the effect of Nash equilibrium. Finally, the developed models are numerically evaluated by a case study. The case study shows that, with increasing container demand in the market, expanding ship capacity setting is preferable due to its low marginal cost. Furthermore, Stackelberg equilibrium is a prevailing strategy in most market situations since it makes players attain more benefits from the accommodating market. Moreover, the deterrence effects largely depend on the deterrence objective. An aggressive deterrence strategy may make potential monopolist suffer large benefit loss and an easing strategy has little deterrence effect.     

一种新型电弧喷涂气缸套的工业化应用及质量检测方法

近年来,随着全球变暖问题日趋严重,各大汽车制造商正在采用各类技术减少发动机油耗及尾气排放。作为减少发动机重量、增强发动机缸体内壁耐磨性能、减少摩擦力的新技术,气缸套热喷涂沉积技术成为了节能减排的重要技术手段。文章首先介绍了气缸套热喷涂技术的原理、加工工序以及几种常用的热喷涂沉积技术,而后引出了对一种新型电弧喷涂气缸套的工业化应用的介绍,进而重点阐述了某品牌汽车发动机制造厂商技术人员对新型电弧喷涂气缸套的质量检测方法。     

缸孔珩磨表面微观质量评定方法的制定及应用

从诸多发动机缸孔珩磨表面微观质量的评价参数中,选择了影响发动机缸孔网纹珩磨特性的轮廓支撑长度率、微观不平度十点高度、轮廓波度、谷沟平均间距等参数,并根据各参数的影响程度制定了不同的权重,将其作为一种新的评定方法用于缸孔珩磨表面微观质量的的评定。在多种商用车系列发动机上进行了检测,验证了该评定方法的正确性和适用性。     

基于VOF界面追踪的气缸流场分析

发动机作为汽车的动力来源,研究发动机的混合气混合特性对于提高汽车的使用性能具有至关重要的作用。文章通过基于VOF界面追踪的算法,得到了进气过程中可燃混合气流动过程的流体相图、缸内压力和速度云图,帮助理解了气缸内流动、涡旋、喷雾过程以及混合气形成过程。