基于GPS信息的物流配送车辆路径优化模型

物流配送车辆路径优化是物流领域中亟待解决的重要问题和研究热点.本文通过对国内外物流车辆路径优化研究现状的分析研究,以及GPS等智能交通技术在该领域中的应用现状分析,以最小化物流运送成本为优化目标,引入动态VRP和不确定影响因素,提出了一种改进的新模型,利用已有的算法,并通过算例对模型算法进行检验.     

GPS软件接收机高精度定位和测速的研究与实现

:在GPS软件接收机架构下,基于MATLAB软件平台.分析了捕获和跟踪方法.提出了一种仅利用采样数据计算伪距,并实现较高定位精度的方法.不直接测量某个历元的多普勒频移.而是测量在某一时间间隔内的多普勒频移之间的多普勒计数,实现高精度的测速.利用实际采集的GPS中频信号,通过仿真实验,实现了高精度定位和测速功能.实验结果表明,利用实际采集得到的GPS中频数据,在EGPS软件接收机架构下,完成GPS全部基带信号处理以及定位和测速等,完整实现了一个接收机的功能.     

DTM在高速公路设计中的精度验证及应用分析

介绍数字地面模型(DTM,简称数模)的理论、类型,并结合省内高速公路中数模的使用情况,对利用数模采集数据与利用传统测量方法(GPS、全站仪等)采集数据的方法、结果进行针对性比较验证,分析得出现行数模技术在高速公路勘察设计中的应用范围,使用注意事项及数模本身存在的问题。     

GPS与GIS集成在交通指挥系统中的应用

介绍了基于地理信息系统(GIS)和全球定位系统(GPS)集成在交通指挥系统中的应用.探讨了GPS系统和GIS系统的组成的原理及特点,并且对搜索路径进行了优化,从而提高搜索的速度.     

Adaptive cruise control design for active congestion avoidance

We present an adaptive cruise control (ACC) strategy where the acceleration characteristics, that is, the driving style automatically adapts to different traffic situations. The three components of the concept are the ACC itself, implemented in the form of a car-following model, an algorithm for the automatic real-time detection of the traffic situation based on local information, and a strategy matrix to adapt the driving characteristics (that is, the parameters of the ACC controller) to the traffic conditions. Optionally, inter-vehicle and infrastructure-to-car communication can be used to improve the accuracy of determining the traffic states. Within a microscopic simulation framework, we have simulated the complete concept on a road section with an on-ramp bottleneck, using empirical loop-detector data for an afternoon rush-hour as input for the upstream boundary. We found that the ACC vehicles improve the traffic stability and the dynamic road capacity. While traffic congestion in the reference scenario was completely eliminated when simulating a proportion of 25% ACC vehicles, travel times were already significantly reduced for much lower penetration rates. The efficiency of the proposed driving strategy even for low market penetrations is a promising result for a successful application in future driver assistance systems.     

The use of GIS and relational database management systems to improve the scheduling operations of paratransit

The scheduling operations of many paratransit agencies in the United States are undertaken manually. Those customers who are eligible to travel call in their requests the day before the trip is needed. As the trip requests are received, they are entered into a list of unscheduled trips. In order to schedule these trips, the scheduler must first determine the number of drivers and shuttle buses that are available as well as the time of availability of each. The scheduler must then try to match the rides that are in “similar” areas around the “same” time to place together on the driver's schedule. As new trip requests are made, the schedulers must adjust the trips that are already scheduled to try and schedule as many trips as possible in the most efficient way.

By developing a system that would improve the scheduling system operations of, in this case, DART (Delaware Administration for Regional Transit) First State Paratransit, customers can expect to receive better service that will improve their ability to travel throughout the community. Some devices that could also improve the operations of paratransit agencies are described in this paper, such as satellite‐based Global Positioning System (GPS), radio communication systems, mobile computers, radio frequency‐based data communication systems, internet web pages, automated paratransit information systems, and card‐based data storage and transfer media. However, because paratransit systems are difficult to operate cost‐efficiently, the optimum and most cost‐efficient device must be selected. The system chosen for DART First State Paratransit includes the use of a relational database management system (RDMS) and a transportation Geographic Information System (GIS). RDMS keeps track of the database information as well as the scheduled trips and the GIS is ideal for analyzing both geographic and temporal data. This system is shown to be superior to the manual system.     

全球定位技术在大型桥梁变形观测中的应用

为检验大型桥梁设计和施工质量,大型桥梁竣工验收必须进行变形观测实验,以确保大桥的安全运行。文章以润扬大桥验收工程中动静载实验为例,介绍了利用全球定位技术测量桥梁位移变形的方法和实现途径。测试实验结果表明,全球定位技术在大型桥梁变形观察中可靠性较高,有较好的应用前景。     

货车超载自锁控制系统研究

汽车超载会严重破坏公路设施,增加公路维护费用,缩短公路使用寿命。构建货车限载自锁装置,将交通管理与车辆管理部门联合起来,可使车辆管理变得简单易行。     

GPS软件接收机捕获和跟踪算法研究

研究了GPS软件接收机的捕获和跟踪算法,并在matlab平台上实现了GPS软件接收机,实现了快速的基于循环卷积的并行捕获算法,得到了可见卫星的初始相位和多普勒频移。使用了超前滞后环和对相位反转不敏感的科斯塔斯环分别对码相位和多普勒频移进行跟踪,成功解调出导航电文。     

快速整周模糊度求解技术在高精度GPS定位和导航中的应用

给出了GPS卫星测量模型，分析误差源，并推导出差分值，以便提高GPS的精度。求解GPS载波相位整周模糊度是高精度定位和导航的关键。计算效率至关重要，因为它直接影响求解模糊度的时间，而且还影响模糊度求解过程的可靠性。分析了搜索空间中的独立变量，并推导出新的传递矩阵。该矩阵将所有的测量残差直接和最小求解搜索空间相关联。该技术不仅可以改善计算效率以及缩短模糊度求解时间，还能提高可靠性。通过仅选择那些与卫星几何尺寸和测量残差一致的模糊度的组合，搜索空间被最小化，应用于高精度定位和导航。