缩短螺旋桨制造周期的设备及工艺

分析螺旋桨制造过程中每个工序所用的时间,找出螺旋桨制造周期过长的症结所在,通过改进生产设备和工艺,制定缩短螺旋桨的制造周期的工艺方法,分别从改进批铲设备和减少螺旋桨批铲面余量着手,成功地将螺旋桨的制造周期由25天缩短为17天。     

基于AHP的无砟轨道应用模糊评价

为适应高速铁路对轨道结构的要求,无砟轨道这一结构形式在国外已被广泛应用。借鉴国外先进的技术,我国也逐渐在铁路网的建设中使用无砟轨道,但是如何对无砟轨道的应用进行科学、系统的评价却是值得探讨的问题。本文通过运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价相结合的方法,综合考虑各种影响无砟轨道结构的因素,通过模糊模型从系统的角度,全面、综合地对无砟轨道的应用进行了评价,最后得出无砟轨道的应用现状较好,为无砟轨道结构在我国的推广提供了借鉴。     

浅谈市政道路施工项目质量控制的过程管理

市政道路工程是城市建设工作的一个重要组成部分,是为城市居民和企业、事业单位的生活和生产提供服务的基础工程,因此,道路工程施工质量控制,直接影响城市的各项经济建设。就此从施工全过程对市政道路施工项目的质量控制进行探讨,提出了一些思考和建议。     

AHP法在崇启高速公路生态环境综合影响评价中的应用

构建压力—状态—响应框架模型。对于可定量分析的指标,采用实地监测的方法来获取,对于定性描述的指标,采用专家咨询和分级打分的方法来获取。得到各个评价因子的数值后,采用层次分析法(AHP)来确定各个影响因子的权值,最后加权平均。以崇启高速公路施工期和营运期为例,对生态环境进行分析和评价。     

The price of uncertainty in pavement infrastructure management planning: An integer programming approach

Currently there is a true dichotomy in the pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) literature. On the one hand, there are integer programming-based models that assume that parameters are deterministically known. On the other extreme, there are stochastic models, with the most popular class being based on the theory of Markov decision processes that are able to account for various sources of uncertainties observed in the real-world. In this paper, we present an integer programming-based alternative to account for these uncertainties. A critical feature of the proposed models is that they provide – a priori – probabilistic guarantees that the prescribed M&R decisions would result in pavement condition scores that are above their critical service levels, using minimal assumptions regarding the sources of uncertainty. By construction of the models, we can easily determine the additional budget requirements when additional sources of uncertainty are considered, starting from a fully deterministic model. We have coined this additional budget requirement the price of uncertainty to distinguish from previous related work where additional budget requirements were studied due to parameter uncertainties in stochastic models. A numerical case study presents valuable insights into the price of uncertainty and shows that it can be large.     

基于马尔可夫过程的快速路OD矩阵估计方法

为得到城市快速路网络的OD矩阵,引入马尔可夫理论.运用吸收马尔可夫过程对快速路网络进行建模分析,给出相应求解算法推导路段流量,小区OD矩阵表达式,并介绍了运用MATLAB软件进行矩阵求解的方法.最后进行了算例分析,利用VISSIM仿真,通过布设线圈检测器,对OD矩阵估计模型及算法进行精度评价.结果显示,模型可很好地拟合...     

危险品运输安全评价指标体系的构建及权重的确定

针对我国危险品运输安全经营的现状,在专家调研的基础上,综合车辆、人员、环境、管理四个方面的因素,构建了危险品运输三级评价模型指标体系。利用层次分析法中的1～9比例标度准则建立判别矩阵,确定各级评价指标对总目标的权重。对指标权重进行一致性检验证明,所构建的指标合理可信,完全可应用到危险品运输的安全评价中。     

浅析车辆装配过程中螺栓的选型及拧紧工艺

在车身的装配过程中,螺栓拧紧是应用最多的装配工艺,主机厂着重关注的是拧紧的有效性及可靠性。文章通过从螺栓选型、螺栓拧紧连接的原理、拧紧扭矩、拧紧连接方式等方面的分析,体现了螺栓拧紧工艺对车辆安全的重要性,且与后期车身结构的稳定性、安全性密切相关。并且还指出螺栓的选型与拧紧工艺的校核应并行开展并与整车开发保持同步,才能保证其在提高质量、降低成本和缩短起到积极作用。     

A competing Markov model for cracking prediction on civil structures

Cracks on the surface of civil structures (e.g. pavement sections, concrete structures) progress in several formations and under different deterioration mechanisms. In monitoring practice, it is often that cracking type with its worst damage level is selected as a representative condition state, while other cracking types and their damage levels are neglected in records, remaining as hidden information. Therefore, the practice in monitoring has a potential to conceal with a bias selection process, which possibly result in not optimal intervention strategies. In overcoming these problems, our paper presents a non-homogeneous Markov hazard model, with competing hazard rates. Cracking condition states are classified in three types (longitudinal crack, horizontal crack, and alligator crack), with three respective damage levels. The dynamic selection of cracking condition states are undergone a competing process of cracking types and damage levels. We apply a numerical solution using Bayesian estimation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo method to solve the problem of high-order integration of complete likelihood function. An empirical study on a data-set of Japanese pavement system is presented to demonstrate the applicability and contribution of the model.     

地铁设计新规范之车辆基地设计体会

为了地铁车辆段工艺设计者更快地熟悉掌握应用地铁设计新规范,并创新车辆段工艺设计思路,通过对2013年版地铁设计新规范的学习,并结合笔者地铁车辆段工艺设计经历,对新旧地铁设计规范车辆基地篇章的主要区别及变化原因进行剖析与解读。归纳总结车辆段物业开发设计过程中的常见问题和应该把握的设计原则;车辆参数变化对车辆段工程设计的影响;车辆修程修制调整对车辆段规模的影响;运用整备设施设计参数的优化调整;检修设备设施及其他设施配置的明确调整等。