沥青路面再生中基于系统聚类法的路面调查

同一道路使用数年后,由于各种原因,各路段的路面状况有着较大的差异,即路段之间的不均匀性。本文应用统计学上的系统聚类法的概念及方法,来处理各个路段沥青旧路面材料几个主控指标,将各段沥青路面进行归类,可以使施工操作简便,用时又保证了沥青旧料的均匀性。     

五路环形交叉口交通量卡片调查法

为了系统而简便地获取5路环形交叉口分流向的交通量,在分析传统的记录车牌号法和交织断面调查法的基础上,设计了针对5路环形交叉口交通量的卡片调查法。调查方法为利用不同颜色的卡片标记从某一进口流向其他出口的抽样车辆,计算右转交通量的理论比例;记录所有进出口交通量和右转交通量,得到右转交通量的实际比例。根据调查量求解约束方程,可得到各进口分流向的交通量。以南京市新庄立交为例,运用该方法调查,计算底层平面环形交叉口各进口分流向的交通量。结果表明,在抽样率为5％时,右转交通量理论比例与实际比例的最大误差为9．16％。     

城市公交客流调查数据修正方法研究

城市公交客流调查数据是进行城市公交系统规划和管理的重要依据,主要包括乘客到达率和下车率、上下车人数两个方面内容。在现有修正方法的基础上,对乘客到达率和下车率采用三次样条插值法修正．对上下车人数采用“推位移”法进行修正,经镇江市4路公交车调查数据应用实践。实践表明修正方法可行。     

横张预应力砼研究工作综述

概要介绍了横张预应力砼的施工方法、原理及现有研究工作 .研究和实践表明横张预应力砼在保持常规后张预应力砼良好的力学特性的条件下 ,能明显节省钢材、简化工艺、提高工效 ,具有很好的技术经济效益     

GPS定位系统在隧道施工控制测量中的应用

文中以广梧高速公路石牙山隧道利用全球定位系统(GPS)进行施工控制测量为实例,简述了全球定位系统(GPS)的基本组成和测量原理,并分别通过利用全站仪进行传统导线测量和GPS定位系统测量两种方法的对比,总结了GPS应用于隧道工程控制测量所具有的卓越性能。     

Auction-based tolling systems in a connected and automated vehicles environment: Public opinion and implications for toll revenue and capacity utilization

Autonomous and connected vehicles are expected to enable new tolling mechanisms, such as auction-based tolls, for allocating the limited roadway capacity. This research examines the public perception of futuristic auction-based tolling systems, with a focus on the public acceptance of such systems over current tolling practices on highways (e.g., dynamic and fixed tolling methodologies). Through a stated-preference survey, responses from 159 road-users residing in Virginia are elicited to understand route choice behavior under a descending price auction implemented on a hypothetical two-route network. Analysis of the survey data shows that there is no outright rejection of the presented auction-based tolling among those who are familiar with the current tolling methods. While males strongly support the new method, no clear pattern emerges among other demographic variables such as income and education level, and age. While high income respondents and regular commuters are more likely to pay higher tolls, no statistical significance between different genders, age groups, household sizes, and education levels is found. Based on the modeling results and the hypothetical road network, it is found that descending price tolling method yields higher average toll rates, and generates at least 70% more revenue when travel time saving is 30 min, and improves capacity utilization of the toll road significantly compared to fixed tolls.     

山区高速铁路桥梁经济指标分析

高速铁路建设中,会从工程实施的难易程度、线路方案中控制工程的多少、工程投资等多个方面出发,对多个可行性方案进行比较,以选定最合适的线路方案。其中,工程投资是线路方案决策的重要依据。高速铁路中桥梁占比大,为了快速给出桥梁工程投资,为方案决策提供依据,以某山区高速铁路为例,从桥墩平均高度、上部工程特殊结构占比、附属工程、施工辅助设施等方面入手,详细计算各方案的工程投资,得出桥梁工程投资的主要影响因素,分析附属工程在桥梁工程投资中的占比,并给出一般桥梁和含有特殊结构桥梁的工程投资经济指标。研究结果可为其他高速铁路桥梁设计提供借鉴。     

三维物探船稳性优化设计

三维物探船因上层建筑面积大、重心位置高,其稳性问题是设计过程中需解决的重要问题。文章以国内首艘完全自主设计的6缆三维物探调查船为例,介绍其稳性优化设计方面的经验。首先对三维物探调查船的特点进行介绍;然后介绍总体布置优化、空船重量重心的控制对稳性的影响;最后分别就完整稳性和破舱稳性的计算特点及优化方法进行分析。该文总结了三维物探调查船的稳性特点和注意事项,为今后设计工作提供指导。     

阳江港丰头作业区多用途码头验潮站布设方案研究

针对阳江港丰头作业区拟建多用途码头附近水域潮位控制的问题,论证出一套切实可行的验潮站布设方案,对以后的水深测量工作具有指导意义。文中实验结果验证此区域范围内潮汐性质一致,潮位基本相同,后续测量只需布设一个临时验潮站即可满足此区域内水深测量精度要求。     

Freight transportation demand: A survey of recent econometric studies

This paper surveys econometric studies of freight transportation demand which have been published since the mid-1970s. It describes the variables, data sources, and estimation procedures utilized by the studies. In addition, it summarizes their statistical results. The studies included in this survey typically accounted for freight rates and service characteristics (e.g., transit time and reliability). Data sources often varied across the studies.Based on the data they utilized, the surveyed studies are classified as either aggregate or disaggregate. The data in the aggregate studies consist of information on total flows by modes at the regional or national level, while the data in the disaggregate studies pertain to individual shipments. The earlier aggregate studies estimated linear logit models. It has been pointed out that when they are estimated on aggregate data these models are subject to certain shortcomings. To avoid these shortcomings, more recent aggregate studies have estimated flexible forms such as translog functions. The disaggregate studies surveyed in this paper used either logit or probit models.Statistical results often varied with the commodities analyzed, making it somewhat difficult to generalize the findings of the different studies. One finding common to several studies is that freight rates have a significant impact on shipment decisions. This paper discusses certain theoretical and empirical limitations of the surveyed studies. It also offers suggestions for future research in freight transport demand. Freight demand models can be used to examine various effects of the recent deregulation in freight transportation.