城市轨道交通车载列车自动防护设备仿真检测平台研究

仿真测试是开展城市轨道交通信号系统相关技术研究的一种有效方法。利用商业虚拟仪器开发平台LabVIEW,讨论了车载ATP(列车自动防护)设备仿真检测系统研制的技术和方法。实践证明,该车载ATP设备仿真检测平台具有高效、灵活、低成本的特点。     

基于磁链关系函数判断无刷电机转子位置的方法

为了扩展无位置传感器无刷直流电动机（BLDCM）间接位置检测方案的适用速度范围．在电机采用三相六拍两两导通的条件下，基于对磁链相关函数的分析，提出了一种简化的磁链关系函数法。根据电机的数学模型和磁链关系函数，对电机本体和检测算法建模仿真。仿真结果表明该算法能在低、高速时准确检测BLDCM的换相位置。     

A new methodology for incident detection and characterization on surface streets

In this paper, a new methodology is presented for real-time detection and characterization of incidents on surface streets. The proposed automatic incident detection approach is capable of detecting incidents promptly as well as characterizing incidents in terms of time-varying lane-changing fractions and queue lengths in blocked lanes, lanes blocked due to incidents, and incident duration. The architecture of the proposed incident detection approach consists of three sequential procedures: (1) Symptom Identification for identification of incident symptoms, (2) Signal Processing for real-time prediction of incident-related lane traffic characteristics and (3) Pattern Recognition for incident recognition. Lane traffic counts and occupancy are the only two major types of input data, which can be readily collected from point detectors. The primary techniques utilized in this paper include: (1) a discrete-time, nonlinear, stochastic system with boundary constraints to predict real-time lane-changing fractions and queue lengths and (2) a pattern-recognition-based algorithm employing modified sequential probability ratio tests (MSPRT) to detect incidents. Off-line tests based on simulated as well as video-based real data were conducted to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm. The test results have indicated the feasibility of achieving real-time incident detection using the proposed methodology.     

自动驾驶汽车中乘员在不同座椅朝向下的损伤风险及规避策略

在高度自动化车辆（Highly Automated Vehicle，HAV）中，由于不再需要驾驶人，乘客之间可以实现面对面的交流，这给车辆座椅的布置提供了更大的灵活性。为提高HAV的碰撞安全性，提出使用旋转座椅来改变人体朝向与碰撞方向相对位置的规避策略，其基本思路是在碰撞发生前通过主动改变座椅朝向来降低乘员损伤。首先，利用尸体试验数据对所建立的碰撞模型进行验证；然后，基于4种不同的座椅朝向，利用THUMS^TM人体模型进行初始速度为56 km·h^-1的正面碰撞模拟试验，以确定相对安全的座椅朝向位置；最后，预测座椅旋转过程本身以及旋转至某位置后发生碰撞的乘员损伤风险。在静态正面碰撞中，选择0°、90°、135°和180°四种不同的座椅朝向进行乘员损伤预测和比较，结果表明180°朝向时的乘员损伤风险最小。在此基础上，模拟了200 ms内将座椅旋转±45°和±90°，以及分别在0 ms和100 ms时间延迟后引入碰撞的试验过程。研究结果表明：200 ms能够将乘员旋转±45°和±90°而不引起额外的人体损伤，并且在无时间延迟时，旋转至背对碰撞方向的乘员损伤，比正面碰撞中0°、90°和135°座椅朝向的乘员损伤更低，证明了该损伤风险规避策略的有效性。     

公路隧道照明精确检测与智能控制系统研究

为解决公路隧道照明系统节能与行车安全、运营管理之间的矛盾，采用理论分析及实际检验的方法，分析了隧道照明控制系统的调光原理、照明控制系统结构以及亮度检测误差产生的原因，设计了一种可调量程的亮度检测仪并给出校准及亮度检测步骤，解决了公路隧道亮度精确检测的难题，采用模糊神经网络算法在照明系统中进行了实际应用，实践证明本算法在亮度满足实际运营需求的前提下可取得良好的节能效果。     

基于小波变换的传感器故障检测技术研究

介绍了小波变换的基本理论及小波技术用于传感器故障检测的基本原理，给出了传感器故障检测方法，仿真实例证明了这一技术的有效性。     

Evaluation of detection sensitivity and count performance of advanced vehicle detection technologies at a signalized intersection

This article evaluates the stop-bar detection and count performance of three advanced vehicle detection sensors under various environmental conditions at a signalized intersection. Continuing advancements to vehicle detection technologies and improvements to their detection capabilities to overcome issues from impacting conditions necessitates testing the performance of new and upgraded sensor products to evaluate their performance and identify the most suitable products for various climates and weather conditions. The three evaluated sensors were Autoscope Encore video, Iteris Vantage Edge 2 video, and Wavetronix SmartSensor Matrix microwave sensors. The three sensors performed with high detection sensitivity during ideal environmental conditions with up to 99.9% detection accuracy levels and are suitable for traffic monitoring centers that rely on remote access to the monitored sites and the collected data. However, they were affected by some extreme adverse weather conditions, mainly daytime and nighttime snow, daytime fog, dawn lighting, and strong winds (for high mounted devices). The selection of a sensor product will depend on the type of application and the priority given to the type of traffic data being collected. Overall, the Iteris video sensor performed with the highest detection sensitivity levels, with the Wavetronix Matrix microwave sensor performing similarly under most conditions (14 of 19 evaluated conditions). Autoscope video provided the highest count accuracies and also provides a much broader data collection capability. The results of this study will help transportation agencies in selecting suitable vehicle detection sensor technologies for future installations within their jurisdiction and improved data collection.     

浅析汽车自动变速器故障检测与维修

自动变速器与手动变速器相比较,它所关联的知识面更加的广泛,机械的结构也更加的复杂,控制的原理也更加的有难度,所以在自动变速器故障检测以及维修的要求也会更高。自动变速器如若发生故障之后,需要专门的工具以及按照相关的程序进行检测维修,才能及时准确的找出故障问题,并且能够降低返修机率的发生。本文主要对汽车自动变速器的工作原理介绍,并且提出了相关的故障形成原因,最后也给出了排除故障以及维修方法。     

AEB与可逆预紧安全带联合作用下乘员保护效果研究

针对自动紧急制动系统(AEB)导致乘员在碰撞前出现身体前倾和离位的现象,提出了使用可逆预紧安全带可以改善该现象,并且研究了在AEB和可逆预紧的联合作用下对不同坐姿乘员的保护效果。建立了某车型驾驶员侧包括正常坐姿和四种离位坐姿的约束系统仿真模型,并进行了验证。以五种坐姿乘员为研究对象,分别对比无AEB无可逆预紧,有AEB无可逆预紧,以及有AEB有可逆预紧三种情况下乘员的位移和损伤。结果表明:在只有AEB的作用下,碰撞发生后会增加乘员的离位,当初始坐姿为离位状态时更加严重,导致局部损伤增加,尤其是胸部损伤。在AEB和可逆预紧的联合作用下,各种坐姿下由AEB导致的离位得到改善,对于前移直立坐姿OOP02和左倾坐姿OOP03还能起到纠正初始离位的作用,各部位损伤指标和损伤风险也明显降低。     

列控系统动态检测计划管理辅助工具的研究与实践

列控系统动态检测计划的编制与管理,贯穿了整个高速铁路列控系统动态检测的全过程,从测试前期的计划编制,到测试过程中计划的改动,再到测试结束后计划的统计、查询。传统的计划管理方法对动态检测序列的管理通常比较分散,不容易查询,提出一种基于Excel VBA实现的高速铁路列控系统动态检测计划管理辅助工具,利用Excel非常强大的数据统计与数据处理能力,实现对动态检测计划的增、删、改、查、核对与输出功能,并通过实践,验证计划管理辅助工具的有效性与可靠性。