汽车检测与故障维修问题研究

随着我国经济社会的不断发展,科学技术也为我国的汽车行业带来了智能和自动化的大幅发展,在这样的整体大背景之下,汽车的检测技术以及故障维修方面的技术也得到了更新换代,在汽车工业的性能技术方面也越来越注重汽车检测和故障维修预防。本轮将会对汽车检测与故障维修进行简要的概述介绍之后,分析传统的汽车检测和故障维修和现代化的汽车检测维修故障方面的技术,在此基础之上,找出目前汽车检测与故障维修技术方面存在的问题,针对这些问题提出相应的发展建议和策略,在检测和故障报修技术方面为汽车制造工艺行业提供更实际、更前言的理论参考和指导。     

基于机器视觉的车辆检测与参数识别研究进展

近年来公路交通运输快速增长，交通车辆的快速准确检测与识别对智能交通系统和交通基础设施运维具有重要意义。随着机器视觉和深度学习技术的迅速发展及其在目标检测领域的广泛应用，车辆目标检测和参数识别也取得新的突破。该文从车辆参数的识别方法和应用研究两方面梳理了机器视觉和深度学习在车辆检测与参数识别领域的研究现状、最新研究成果和未来发展趋势。在识别方法方面，将车辆检测方法分为3类：运动目标检测方法、目标实例检测方法和细粒度检测方法，系统总结了这3类方法的基本原理和各自特点。在应用研究方面，详细综述了基于机器视觉的车辆检测方法在车辆参数识别中的应用现状，主要包括车辆类别、车辆时空参数、车辆重量参数识别以及车辆多参数识别系统。最后对基于机器视觉和深度学习的车辆参数识别研究进行了归纳总结，并讨论了当前存在的挑战和未来可能的发展趋势。研究表明，对于不同的环境条件和车辆参数，应根据实际需要和各算法特点选择合适的车辆检测方法。目前方法仍局限于单参数或少量参数的独立检测，且识别精度和效率难以同时满足。后续研究应注重与新技术的融合，提高在现实复杂环境下车辆参数识别的精度、效率、鲁棒性及全面性，以使其更好地应用于工程实际。     

Fuzzy-logic-based incident detection for signalized diamond interchanges

This paper documents a fuzzy-logic-based incident detection algorithm for signalized urban diamond interchanges. The model is capable of detecting lane-blocking incidents whose effects are manifested by patterns of deterioration in traffic conditions that require adjustments in signal control strategies. As a component of a real-time traffic adaptive control system for signalized diamond interchanges, the algorithm feeds an incident report (i.e., the time, location, and severity of the incident) to the system's optimization manager, which uses that information to determine the appropriate signal control strategy.The performance of the model was studied using a simulation of an actual diamond interchange. The simulation study evaluated the model's performance in terms of detection rate, false alarm rate, and mean time to detect. The model's performance was encouraging, and the fuzzy-logic-based approach is considered promising.     

水声网络探测节点的一种运动目标参数估计算法

文章提出了一种水声网络探测节点的运动目标参数估计方法,即基于模型匹配原理的估计算法。给出了算法的原理和仿真分析。     

双螺带管式混合器中流体流动的光电转换测定

橡胶沥青生产和高分子聚合等黏度较高反应物系,不仅需要良好的混合,而且需要较长的物料停留时间,远远超出了静态混合器的工作范围。为此设计了一种具有对流体产生推进作用的双螺带管道混合器,并以糖浆为模拟介质开发了一种测定黏稠性流体停留时间分布的光学自动检测装置。采用I2-KI淀粉溶液作为染色示踪剂,光电池作为光信号向电信号转换的传感器,选取650 nm波长激光作为光源,通过检测光电池所产生的示踪剂光强度电压信号,在线测量了示踪剂在混合器中的流动时间。     

航向动态性能标校检测系统

提出了航向动态精度标校检测方法,给出了具体实施方案。该方案能解决陀螺导航装备出厂前或维修后的动态性能测试问题,对保证装备质量有着重要意义。     

Severity of injury resulting from pedestrian–vehicle crashes: What can we learn from examining the built environment?

This paper examines the impact of personal and environmental characteristics on severity of injuries sustained in pedestrian–vehicle crashes using a generalized ordered probit model. The data covers 2000–2004 of pedestrian–vehicle crashes taken from police incident reports for Baltimore City and supplemented with local land use, urban form and transportation information specific to the individual crash locations. The results on personal and behavioral variables confirm previous findings. Women pedestrians involved in crashes tend to be injured less frequently than their male counterparts; children have an increased likelihood of sustaining injuries and older persons are more likely to be fatally injured. Pedestrians who cross against the traffic signal, are not in a crosswalk and are involved in a crash after dark are associated with greater injury risk. Of the built environment policy variables of interest, transit access and greater pedestrian connectivity, such as central city areas, are significant and negatively associated with injury severity. These results suggest that the environmental conditions should be given more scrutiny and be an important consideration when evaluating and planning for pedestrian safety.     

Heavy duty vehicle rollover detection and active roll control

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) roll stability improvement technology. The proposed rollover threat warning system uses the real-time dynamic model-based time-to-rollover (TTR) metric as a basis for online rollover detections. Its feasibility for implementation in a HDV rollover threat detection system is demonstrated through vehicle dynamic simulation studies. The research on the development of a rollover threat detection system is further enhanced in combination with an active roll control system using active suspension mechanism to improve heavy-duty trucks’ roll stability both in the static cornering and in emergency maneuvers. It has been demonstrated that the roll stability of typical heavy-duty trucks has been largely improved by the proposed active safety monitoring and control system.     

华县制梁场001号梁体混凝土质量检测与研究

研究目的:预制梁混凝土表面经常出现外观颜色明显差异的现象,采用非金属超声波探伤技术简捷快速进行质量检测,并应用误差理论进行数据分析研究,可对梁体混凝土结构缺陷和表面颜色差异进行区分。研究结果:对混凝土体内的缺陷,应用非金属超声波探伤技术检测是一种简捷快速的方法。应用误差理论进行数据分析研究,对梁体混凝土结构缺陷和表面颜色差异进行了区分。     

不同水下特征对三维成像声呐扫测影响的室内试验研究

针对三维成像声呐相关检测指标缺乏试验验证的问题,通过室内模型探讨不同尺寸的立方体与圆柱体试块、不同边界材质和带有缺陷的圆柱形木桩对三维成像声呐扫测结果的影响。研究表明:三维成像声呐系统可有效识别到厘米级的不同形状物体;在对光滑且质地坚硬物体扫测时,声波信号会发生镜面反射导致无法获取有效数据;可有效识别尺寸大于等于5 cm的缺陷并判定缺陷形状和位置。研究成果可为实际工程应用提供参考依据。