中国自主品牌征战金砖国家策略研究（续）

随着中国汽车市场日趋饱和，自主品牌汽车企业“走出去”的愿望日益强烈，金砖国家开始受到中国自主品牌汽车企业的广泛关注。金砖国家经济增长迅速，汽车工业发展却普遍相对较晚，市场潜力巨大。文章通过定性与定量相结合的方法进行统计分析，对比研究各国经济状况、开放程度、市场潜力、燃料价格等汽车产业发展主要相关影响因素，并结合各金砖国家汽车市场发展现状和特征，分别提出中国汽车自主品牌进入不同国家的发展方向和发展策略。     

An analysis of public bus transit performance in Indian cities

Maintaining and enhancing public transit service in Indian cities is important, to meet rapidly growing mass mobility needs, and curb personal motor vehicle activity and its impacts at low cost. Indian cities rely predominantly on buses for public transport, and are likely to continue to do so for years. However, the public bus transit service is inadequate, and unaffordable for the urban poor. The paper explores the factors that contribute to and affect efforts to improve this situation, based on an analysis of the financial and operational performance of the public bus transit service in the four metropolitan centres and four secondary cities during the 1990s. Overall, there were persistent losses, owing to increasing input costs and declining productivity. The losses occurred despite rapidly increasing fares, and ridership declined. The situation, and the ability to address it, is worse in the secondary cities than the metropolitan centres. We suggest a disaggregated approach based on the needs and motivations of different groups in relation to public transit, along with improved operating conditions and policies to internalize costs of personal motor vehicle use, to address the challenge of providing financially viable and affordable public bus transit service.     

大骨节病x线征指关节指畸形演变过程

通过对2～3岁123例大骨节病儿和84例病区健康儿4年连续观察发现,123例大骨节病儿中有100例(81.3%)有干骺端改变,其中1～4年干骺端自愈率分别为22%、43%、57.8%、73.6%,头两年内自愈者占自愈人数的76.8%,2～6岁自愈率为92.9%,7～10岁为66.7%,11～13岁为20.5%,有骨端改变者81例(66.9%),4年观察中骨端无1例自愈,好转者仅6例(7.4%),不变者31例(38.2%),恶化者44例(54.4%),近端指间关节与指宽比值异常者31例(25.2%),其中12例持续不变,2例转为正常,17例由正常变为异常;指长与掌宽比值异常者有2例,无新异常者发生。84例健康儿近端指关节与指宽比值、指长与掌宽比值均正常,也无新异常者发生。由以上结果可见,干骺端自愈率高,速度快,骨端无自愈者,好转率也低,二者作为观察指标均存在一定问题,作者认为,干骺端作为评价防治效果指标最好设内对照,并需其它指标作佐证,而近端指关节与指宽比值可能是这方面的定量性参考指标之一。     

伺服技术的应用与发展趋势

概述了伺服技术的发展过程和发展状况,对伺服技术的种类进行了对比,并对其应用进行了讨论,指出了其未来的发展趋势.     

谈交通经济信息网的发展前景

阐述了交通经济信息网的发展前景,并详细说明如何确定网络的层次结构体系及充实、丰富网络信息。     

综合运输体系的建设与发展

现代的综合交通运输体系的形成是随着社会经济发展和人类社会的科技进步而逐步发展和完善起来的,世纪交通由水路运输、铁路运输、公路汽车运输、航空运输和管道运输等五种现代运输工具的产生与发展,已进入到综合交通运输系统的新时代.分析了综合交通运输体系的功能与作用及其建设与发展,特别介绍我国多年来综合交通运输体系的建设与实践,以及我国交通建设“十五”计划所确定的“以市场经济为导向,以可持续发展为前提,建立客运快速化,货运物流化的智能型综合交通运输体系”的发展目标等.     

中通发展电动客车正逢其时

分析发展电动客车的必要性、市场需求及国内外发展情况,介绍中通公司发展电动客车的基本思路。     

Fixed‐route taxi system: route network design and fleet size minimization problems

This paper introduces the taxi route network design problem (TXRNDP) for a fixed‐route taxi service operating in Iran and, in similar form, in various other developing countries. The service operates fairly similar to regular transit services in that vehicles are only permitted to follow a certain predetermined route on the network. The service is provided with small size vehicles and main features are that vehicles only depart if full and that there are no intermediate boarding stops. In Iran the service attracts a high modal share but requires better coordination which is the main motivation for the present study. We develop a mathematical programming model to minimize the total travel time experienced by passengers while constraining the number of taxi lines, the trip transfer ratio and the length of taxi lines. A number of assumptions are introduced in order to allow finding an exact rather than heuristic solution. We further develop a linear programming solution to minimize the number of taxis required to serve the previously found fixed‐route taxi network. Results of a case study with the city of Zanjan, Iran, illustrate the resulting taxi flows and suggest the capability of the proposed model to reduce the total travel time, the total waiting time and the number of taxi lines compared to the current taxi operation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

发展中国家职业教育发展模式历史变革的现代启示

本文通过对"学校本位"的计划体制、"企业本位"的市场体制、"多元本位"的政府主导体制等三个阶段发展模式的分析,提出了发展中国家职业教育的共性特征及借鉴价值。     

隧道掘进机滚刀岩机作用实验台的研制

为了观测滚刀破岩的全过程和监测岩石的微破裂,研制隧道掘进机滚刀岩机作用实验台,对立式和卧式2种实验台研制方案进行总结并作出对比选择,对实验台组成、主要构造及安装调试过程进行详细阐述。归纳出实验台可开展的实验项目如下： 1）盘形滚刀受力预测公式的研究; 2）探寻滚刀作用在不同岩石类型的最优破岩刀间距; 3）研究滚刀压力、贯入度及刀间距等关系曲线。结合国家973课题开展相关实验研究,实验结果表明该实验台的应用性、先进性和科学性,实验台的成功研制为滚刀高效破岩机制研究提供公共开放的实验研究平台。 