浅谈丹东市防洪工程体系

介绍了丹东市防洪工程现状,对防洪工程体系及存在问题进行了分析,有关经验可供相关专业人员参考。     

A substitute model of two-dimensional dry friction exposed to dither generated by rolling contact of wheel and rail

Dither generated by rolling contact of wheel and rail smoothes dry friction damping provided by the primary suspension dampers of freight wagons and it should be taken into account in numerical simulations. But numerically the problem is non-smooth and this leads to long execution time during simulation, especially when the vehicle with friction dampers is modelled in the environment of an multi-body system simulation program, whose solver has to cope with many strong non-linearities. The other difficulty is the necessity of handling within the code a number of big volume files of recorded dither sampled with high frequency. To avoid these difficulties, a substitute model of two-dimensional dry friction exposed to dither is proposed that does not need application of dither during simulation, but it behaves as if dither were applied. Due to this property of the model, the excitation of the vehicle model by track irregularities may be supplied as low-frequency input, which allows fast execution and, the necessity of handling high-volume files of recorded dither is avoided. The substitute model is numerically effective. To identify parameters of the substitute model, a pre-processing employing a sample of the realistic dither is carried-out on a simple two-degrees-of-freedom system. The substitute model is anisotropic, describing anisotropic properties of the two-dimensional friction arising in the presence of one-dimensional dither. The model may be applied in other branches of engineering, for example, in mechatronics and robotics, where application of dither may improve the accuracy of positioning devices.     

闽江下游感潮河道枯水动力特性变化分析

建立了闽江下游河道一维非恒定流数学模型,对枯水大潮条件下闽江下游河道沿程各断面的潮位、流量变化过程进行了模拟;结合历史实测资料,对闽江下游河道枯水条件下水动力特性及其变化进行了分析。结果表明,闽江下游河道潮区界、潮流界上溯明显,南北港涨潮流规律有所不同,南港分流比达30%左右,回复到1985年前水平,而干流及南北港河道河床严重下切是枯水动力条件变化的主要原因。     

水泥土室内制样方法与配合比试验

水泥土室内配合比试验是深层水泥搅拌法工程应用中一项重要的前期工作。基于大量室内试验,总结提出干土制样法与湿土制样法两种不同的水泥土制样方法及其试验流程,并对其优缺点与适用性进行比较,得出以下结论:1)当以试验土样目标含水率为变量,或试验土样初始含水率大于目标含水率时,应采用干土制样法; 2)当研究在土样初始含水率下其他因素对水泥土强度的影响时,采用湿土制样法更为合适、高效。以香港冲积层黏土为研究对象,采用干土制样法分析土样含水率对水泥土无侧限抗压强度的影响。试验结果表明,在含水率40%～80%范围内,不同龄期的水泥土强度均随含水率的增加而减小,且在高含水率(大于70%)下水泥土强度随龄期增长不明显。     

排水粉喷桩软基加固技术应用研究

排水粉喷桩复合地基法是一种新型的软基加固方法,该法利用粉喷桩施工时产生的侧向压力和竖向排水通道,加速土体中孔隙水的排出,以达到快速加固软土地基的目的。结合工程实际,运用Plaxis有限元软件对工法进行了数值模拟研究,发现排水粉喷桩复合地基法的沉降主要发生在排水固结区,且呈向下和向外逐渐减小的趋势,粉喷桩桩土应力比在1.8左右,孔隙水压力呈先增长后逐渐消散的过程。     

客车涂层干湿磨工艺对此分析

主要分析客车涂层干磨工艺和水磨工艺的优缺点;重点介绍干磨工艺相对水磨工艺的先进性。     

维他橡胶沥青干法在黄衢南高速公路中的应用研究

本文对比研究了干法(维他法)和湿法橡胶沥青施工工艺及其混合料性能,说明维他干法橡胶沥青混合料有其优越的路用性能。通过对衢南高速公路试验路段的铺筑,确定了混合料合理的施工工艺,为维他干法橡胶沥青混合料在黄衢高速公路中的推广应用积蓄了宝贵的经验。     

炎热干燥大温差条件下胸墙大体积混凝土裂缝控制技术

依托沙特Ras Al Khair港码头5#、6#泊位项目,介绍了在炎热、干燥、大温差、海洋环境下,按美国标准设计和施工的胸墙大体积混凝土裂缝的控制措施。施工过程中,通过配合比的比选、原材料温度的控制、浇筑温度的控制、分层分段以及养护等综合措施,有效控制了胸墙大体积混凝土的开裂,保证施工质量和进度。     

Dynamic model for the wheel–rail contact friction

Accurately estimating the coefficient of friction (CoF) is essential in modelling railroad dynamics, reducing maintenance costs, and increasing safety in rail operations. The typical assumption of a constant CoF is widely used in theoretical studies; however, it has been noticed that the CoF is not constant, but rather depends on various dynamic parameters and instantaneous conditions. In this paper, we present a newly developed three-dimensional nonlinear CoF model for the dry rail condition and test the CoF variation using this model with estimated dynamic parameters. The wheel–rail is modelled as a mass–spring–damper system to simulate the basic wheel–rail dynamics. Although relatively simple, this model is considered sufficient for the purpose of this study. Simulations are performed at a train speed of 20 m/s using rail roughness as an excitation source. The model captures the CoF extremes and illustrates its nonlinear behaviour and instantaneous dependence on several structural and dynamic parameters.     

西北沙漠戈壁地区混凝土浇筑特殊养护措施费用分析

地处风沙、干旱地区的建设工程,自然环境条件恶劣,混凝土结构物经过浇筑后,需采取特殊养护措施,才能保证工程质量,从而造成费用增加.此文以处于沙漠戈壁地区的LX铁路部分区段为例,就铁路轨道支撑层、道床板和桥梁墩台采用特殊养护措施所需的材料和人工消耗及费用单价进行分析与计算,并与常规养护措施进行比较.说明采取特殊养护措施后相应费用的不足.应研究解决费用增加的方案。