屈曲分析在车辆应用中的关键技术

随着铁道车辆高速重载的发展，对车辆零部件的性能要求越来越高．转向架和基础制动装置中的受压杆件，除了保证其刚度和强度外，还应进行屈曲分析，保证杆件的稳定性．论述了线性屈曲分析有限元法的基本原理，并对转向架交叉杆和制动拉杆进行了稳定性分析，指出了制动拉杆稳定性中存在的问题，说明了屈曲分析在车辆中的应用技术．     

大跨度拱桥缆索吊装系统的稳定性有限元分析

基于结构稳定理论,介绍了在结构稳定性分析中有限单元法的求解原理及求解过程.以彭水乌江大桥缆索吊装系统为工程背景,考虑起吊、运输等状态,及风荷载,按塔架的最不利受力组合进行分析,对其塔架的稳定性进行有限元分析,通过多次迭代求解得出了该吊装系统在最不利施工工况下塔架的屈曲临界荷载系数和失稳模态,为该桥的施工控制提供了理论基础.     

弹性约束条件下H型截面钢梁的弹性稳定性分析

根据薄壁构件弯曲与扭转理论,在弹性约束条件下对H型截面构件的势能方程进行推导,并由最小势能原理,导出了弹性约束条件下H型截面构件稳定计算的单元刚度矩阵。分析了常见荷载作用时连续线弹性侧移约束的H型截面简支钢梁的弹性屈曲荷载,计算结果与Trahair的半解析解进行对比,证明了本方法计算结果正确。结果表明:在设计中若考虑弹性侧移约束的作用,可以显著地提高H型截面薄壁钢梁的稳定性。     

无横撑系杆拱桥弹性屈曲稳定及其参数优选

在无横撑系杆拱桥设计中,拱肋的侧向稳定是控制设计的因素之一。以无横撑系杆拱桥弹性稳定承载力的解析表达式为基础．探讨了结构参数变化对面内、面外稳定承载力的影响;在设定无横撑系杆拱桥的面内、面外稳定承载力相等的原则下,研究了无横撑系杆拱桥的参数优选,并给出了基于稳定性的概念设计讨论。     

桥式抓斗卸船机顶升牛腿的设计计算与应用

应用有限元软件Ansys对顶升牛腿结构进行建模及计算,提取应力结果进行屈曲校核,并简述现场顶升施工过程.     

An efficient FE computation for predicting welding induced buckling in production of ship panel structure

In a Thermal-Elastic-Plastic (TEP) FE analysis to investigate welding induced buckling of large thin plate welded structure such as ship panel, it will be extremely difficult to converge computation and obtain the results when the material and geometrical non-linear behaviors are both considered. In this study, an efficient FE computation which is an elastic FE analysis based on inherent deformation method, is proposed to predict welding induced buckling with employing large deformation theory, and an application in ship panel production is carried out. The proposed FE computation is implemented with two steps:(1) The typical weld joint (fillet weld) existing in considered ship panel structure is conducted with sequential welding using actual welding condition, and welding angular distortion after completely cooling down is measured. A TEP FE analysis with solid elements model is carried out to predict the welding angular distortion, which is validated by comparing with experimental results. Then, inherent deformations in this examined fillet welded joint are evaluated as a loading for the subsequent elastic FE analysis. Also, the simultaneous welding to assemble this fillet welded joint is numerically considered and its inherent deformations are evaluated.(2) To predict the welding induced buckling in the production of ship panel structure, a shell element model of considered ship panel is then employed for elastic FE analysis, in which inherent deformation evaluated beforehand is applied and large deformation is considered. The computed results obviously show welding induced buckling in the considered ship panel structure after welding. With its instability and difficulty for straightening, welding induced buckling prefers to be avoided whenever it is possible.     

船舶砰击动力屈曲

本文移植两维水弹性砰击与波激力短程序，应用B－R准则，以对应的静态屈曲阈值为基点搜索动态屈曲。本文分析了波高、失稳临界值和屈曲发生时间的关系，得出了一些供远洋船舶设计参考的结论。     

斜拉桥钢桥塔极限承载力分析

斜拉桥钢桥塔相对于混凝土桥塔而言一个值得注意的问题是,钢桥塔还关注局部稳定对结构整体稳定性的影响.当无法了解结构在复杂的初始缺陷、温度荷载等非线性因素作用和整体-局部相关稳定作用下的临界荷载时,只能靠放大安全系数来保证结构的安全,这样进行钢桥塔的设计以及建造,存在较大的盲目性,势必造成大量的隐患和浪费.以某斜拉桥为例,通过空间杆系模型和板壳元模型的对比分析,考虑不同的失稳判定准则和整体、局部缺陷及非线性温度影响,对钢桥塔的极限承载力进行研究,为大跨度斜拉桥钢桥塔的极限承载力分析及设计提供一定的理论依据.     

Influence of external restraint distribution on welding buckling of thin plate butt joint北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］It is easy to produce buckling distortion when welding thin plate butt joints, which affects the construction period, cost and performance, but this can be controlled by applying external restraints. ［Methods ］ First, a butt welding test of a thin plate under external restraints is carried out, and the out-of-plane deformation is measured by the optical surface scanning method. At the same time, finite element (FE) models in a free state and external restraint state are established, and the thermal mechanical phenomena of the two models are subjected to thermal-elastic-plastic FE analysis (TEP FE). The influence of different external restraint distributions on the welding buckling distortion of the joints is then studied, and reasons for controlling welding buckling distortion are analyzed from the perspective of longitudinal plastic strain and longitudinal contraction force.［Results ］ The out-of-plane deformation of the corresponding model is in good agreement with the measured results, and milder than the out-of-plane deformation of the model in a free state. When external restraints are applied, the longitudinal plastic strain of the weld and its adjacent metal decreases, and the longitudinal contraction force of the thin plate also decreases.［Conclusions ］ The results verify that external restraints can effectively control welding buckling distortion, and the control effects are different depending on the external restraint distribution. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

Numerical prediction and mitigation of out-of-plane welding distortion in ship panel structure by elastic FE analysis

As an application to predict and mitigate the out-of-plane welding distortion by elastic FE analysis based on the inherent deformation theory, a panel structure of a pure car carrier ship is considered. The inherent deformations of different types of welded joints included in this ship panel structure are evaluated beforehand using thermal elastic plastic FE analysis. Applying idealized boundary condition to focus on the local deformation, elastic FE analysis shows that the considered ship panel structure will buckle near the edge and only bending distortion is dominant in the internal region. In order to mitigate out-of-plane welding distortion such as buckling and bending, straightening using line heating is employed. In the internal region, only inherent bending with the same magnitude as welding induced inherent bending is applied on the opposite side of welded joints (fast moving torch). On the other hand, only in-plane inherent strain produced by line heating is introduced to the edge region to correct buckling distortion (slow moving torch). The magnitude of out-of-plane welding distortion in this ship panel structure can be minimized to an accepted level.