16MnDR锻造圆钢的开发与应用

针对16MnDR结构钢在实际生产中的弊端,开发了16MnDR锻造圆钢,不仅填补了我国无16MnDR圆钢材料的空白,而且通过增加锻造比、控制偏析和非金属夹杂物以及采用超声波探伤检测内部缺陷等方式,大大提高了材料的内部质量,综合性能也有显著的改善。同时,通过研究,既解决了材料利用率低、下料成本高、不利于锻造成型的问题,还解决了材料偏析、锻件加工后表面有磁痕等问题,降低了制造成本,确保了产品质量。     

Regulatory reform and freight mode choice

Reform of trucking Vehicle Weights and Dimensions (VWD) regulations in Canada is now underway. The effect these reforms will have on the freight transportation industry are only recently the subject of research. This paper is part of this new research effort, aimed at understanding how regulatory reform in the trucking sector will affect the existing competitive relationship between trucks and the railways. The paper presents the results of study and research into modelling the relationship between mode choice and the service characteristics that are affected by VWD reform.Using several periods of data, a series of econometric models are developed which help to elucidate the relative relationships between the mode service characteristics for both of the principal interprovincial freight modes. A technique is developed and presented to model railway user costs in order to overcome the complex and often unrepresentable pricing activities of Canadian railways.The strength of the developed econometric models is presented, including their significance and statistical reliability. This is further reinforced by the similarities exhibited by all the models in the series. The selected model is applied to predict market service responses required of the railway industry in order to compete with the trucking sector now adapting to the new regulations.The impact of the newly implemented vehicle weight and dimension reform on the rail transportation industry is analyzed and railway industry improvements aimed at maintaining its market share are presented. The results predicted by the model show that railway user cost reductions should be moderate, and likely less than the level of inflation over the period of time when trucking converts its fleet to take advantage of the new regulations.Abbreviations AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials - CCMTA Canadian Conference of Motor Transport Administrators - EPI End products, inedible commodity classification - GVW Gross Vehicle Weight - NA 1988 VWD National Agreement - RTAC Roads and Transportation Association of Canada - VWD Vehicle Weight(s) and Dimension(s) - WA 1988 VWD Western Agreement     

汽车用碳纤维复合摩阻材料的摩擦磨损特性研究

在采用正交设计优化碳纤维复合摩阻材料的基础上，针对汽车制动器衬片的实际工况，研究了碳纤维复合摩阻材料的摩擦磨损特性及磨损机制分析了碳纤维含量、强度及表面状态等对磨损机制的影响。研究结果表明，碳纤维复合摩阻材料的磨损性能、工作寿命及抗热衰退性能均明显高于传统的石棉摩阻材料。     

材料、结构和工艺因素对高强度螺栓疲劳性能的影响试验研究

对影响高强度螺栓疲劳性能的材料、结构和工艺等因素进行了较广泛的对比试验研究。比较了6种材料疲劳试样的疲劳性能;考察了硬度、再回火、去应力退火、表面脱碳、滚丝/磷化的先后顺序、头下圆角粗糙度、滚丝轮螺纹牙形、头下圆角过渡形式等因素对高强度螺栓疲劳性能的影响。     

交通信息服务条件下的出行选择分析

首先 ,探讨了出行者的出行心理、行为以及信息之间的相互关系 ,在此基础上 ,简要分析了出行者的出行选择。其次 ,考虑在交通信息服务条件下 ,由于出行者本身以及信息方面的原因 ,出行选择可能出现过激反应、集聚反应等问题。最后 ,针对上述问题 ,提出应该加以重视的或有待进一步研究的几个问题。     

半金属摩擦材料与灰铸铁滑动摩擦的磨屑成分分析

采用X射线衍射仪和能谱分析系统，对3种金属纤维增强半金属摩擦材料与灰铸铁在不同温度时发生滑动摩擦后的磨屑成分进行了分析，并结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察到的摩擦材料表面形貌，分析了材料的磨损特性和机理。分析结果表明，含钢纤维材料Fe原子浓度达50％～60％，Cu、Ba、Ca、Al等元素的原子浓度在6％～10％；含黄铜纤维与紫铜纤维的材料副磨屑中，二者Fe原子浓度均较高，但其它元素的原子浓度为紫铜低于黄铜；紫铜材料体系的结合程度比黄铜好，填料不易脱落，但对对偶损伤稍大。     

重庆鹅公岩大桥东锚洞室防水堵漏工程浅谈

介绍应用水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料 (凯顿百森防水材料 )于地下结构混凝土的防水堵漏的工艺和施工 ,并有工程实例     

150系列柴油机模锻件选材的经济性问题

以150系列大功率高速水冷柴油机的齿轮、气门、曲轴、气缸套等模锻件为研究对象,论述柴油机模锻零部件选材的经济性问题,阐明其选材应满足经济性要求的必要性和重要性。     

Introduction: Habitual travel choice

In this introduction to the special issue on habitual travel choice, we provide a brief account of the role of habit in travel behaviour, discuss more generally what habitual choice is, and briefly review the issues addressed in the solicited papers. These issues include how habitual travel behaviour should be measured, how to model the learning process that makes travel choice habitual, and how to break and replace car-use habits.     

新疆兵团垦区风积砂碾压技术的研究

基于农八师古新干线公路的筑路实践，提出了风积砂干压—湿压混合碾压施工方法及路面底基层的特殊施工工艺，解决了利用风积砂筑路粒料类结构层中砂石料的嵌入难题，有利于风积砂的应用，降低筑路成本。