预应力空心板梁上缘开裂的原因分析和研究

某工程桥梁预应力空心板梁预制过程中跨中上缘出现裂缝,从板梁施工和商品混凝土配制两方面分析其开裂原因,并提出针对性处理意见。后续实践证明,通过对商品混凝土生产进行事前质量控制是有效的。     

预弯组合梁非线性全过程分析方法

采用材料非线性本构关系研究预弯组合梁的受力行为,建立预弯组合梁从预弯钢梁加荷到结构破坏的非线性全过程分析方法。利用该方法可以对结构的各受力阶段进行模拟计算,得出各阶段预弯钢梁、一期混凝土、二期混凝土的应力和结构变形,并能计算出预弯组合梁的开裂荷载和极限破坏荷载。该方法突破了日本学者提出的以弹性分析法为基础的预弯梁计算理论。利用该方法已完成了十余座预弯组合梁桥的设计分析,取得了良好的计算结果。     

沥青路面结构非线性分析的现状与展望

阐述了沥青路面所用材料的分类及基本特性,介绍了国内沥青路面结构非线性分析的现状,给出了各类材料在路面受力分析中所用的本构关系,说明了沥青路面结构非线性分析的重要意义与广阔前景。     

Analysing Demand for Suburban Trips: A Mixed RP/SP Model with Latent Variables and Interaction Effects

We analyse mode choice behaviour for suburban trips in the Grand Canary island using mixed revealed preference (RP)/stated preference (SP) information. The SP choice experiment allowed for interactions among the main policy variables: travel cost, travel time and frequency, and also to test the influence of latent variables such as comfort. It also led to discuss additional requirements on the size and sign of the estimated model parameters, to assess model quality when interactions are present. The RP survey produced data on actual trip behaviour and was used to adapt the SP choice experiment. During the specification searches we detected the presence of income effect and were able to derive willingness-to-pay measures, such as the subjective value of time, which varied among individuals. We also studied the systematic heterogeneity in individual tastes through the specification of models allowing for interactions between level-of-service and socio-economic variables. We concluded examining the sensitivity of travellers’ behaviour to various policy scenarios. In particular, it seems that contrary to political opinion, in a crowded island policies penalising the use of the private car seem to have a far greater impact in terms of bus patronage than policies implying direct improvements to the public transport service.     

The Impact of Travel Time Information on Travelers’ Learning under Uncertainty

In this work, laboratory experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of feedback on decision-making under uncertainty, with and without provided information about travel times. We discuss the prediction of travelers’ response to uncertainty in two route–choice situations. In the first situation travelers are faced with a route–choice problem in which travel times are uncertain but some external information about routes’ travel times is provided. The second situation takes place in a more uncertain environment in which external information about travel times is not provided, and the travelers’ only source of information is their own experience. Experimental results are in conflict with the paradigm about traveler information systems: As a consequence of information, the propensity of travelers to minimize expected travel time is not necessarily increased. Providing travelers with static information about expected travel times reveals an increase in the heterogeneity of travelers’ choices and reduces the maximization rate.     

Mixed Logit模型及其在交通方式分担中的应用研究

离散选择模型的典型代表Logit模型简洁易用的特点使其在经济、交通等领域得到了广泛的应用，但同时Logit模型的两个重要缺陷限制了其应用范围。在分析了Logit模型固有的两个缺陷和Mixed Logit模型的良好性质后，比较了Logit模型与Mixed Logit模型的差异，对Mixed Logit模型的算法进行了研究，并借助SAS统计软件提供的仿真算法给出了详细的工程实践应用范例。结果表明，Mixed Logit模型有着更丰富的物理含义，对个人出行交通方式选择行为的描述更符合实际。     

国产汽车耐腐蚀试验研究

阐述了腐蚀试验在评价汽车设计、环境研究、新产品开发、材料选择及质量控制中的重要作用，介绍了试验规程及其强度，试验前的准备工作包括腐蚀检查，机械检查，车辆拍照，涂层厚度测量，金属厚度识别及油漆层划线等。另外，试验结果评价作了介绍，并对存在的问题提出了改进建议。     

我国摩擦材料设备的技术与市场定位

介绍了加拿大3家公司(CORSTEEL公司、CTP公司、AE公司)摩擦材料的生产工艺、生产设备以及相关附件、模具的生产规模,结合我国摩擦材料行业设备、模具、背板和附件的供应体系现状,对我国摩擦行业发展提出了更高的要求,即如何造出精品、树立品牌及发展相应附件使之规模化、专业化等。从加拿大设备和模具制造、压机的特点、模具厂的生产规模、背板生产的自动化、专用设备和测试设备等方面与我国目前的现状进行了对比分析。最后对我国摩擦材料专用设备的技术与市场定位进行了预测。     

车用柴油机涡轮增压技术的新发展

主要阐述了为解决车用发动机低速工况问题而采用的涡轮增压系统方案及在涡轮增压器上新技术、新材料的应用情况。     

汽车工业用磁流变液器件应用前景分析

简要介绍了磁流变液和磁流变效应，详细分析了磁流变液的性能及其影响因素，将其与电流变流进行了对比，表明磁流变液具有很多优点，在此基础上，介绍了磁流变液应用于汽车工业的结构形式，以及在制动，传动和减振降噪域应用的一些器件。对磁流变液应用于汽车的前景进行了分析并指出了存在的问题。