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61.
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该文以我国城市道路交通管理规划的现状为出发点,提出了城市道路交通管理规划是一项重要课题,阐述了交通管理规划的目的、基本内容及三个层次,论述了交通需求预测的分析方法及模型。最后结合兰州市道路交通管理规划的框架与实施情况,分析其主要成果及产生的社会经济效益。 相似文献
63.
根据地震环境下不同恢复阶段的社会经济活动及交通系统特性,对传统交通预测四阶段法———出行产生、出行分布、方式划分、交通分配的宏观模型进行了修正,讨论了不同模型的参数变化趋势,建议了参数的调整原则及方法,进而以修正四阶段法为基础进行震后交通需求预测。该方法简便易行,预测得到道路通行能力、流量、负荷度和平均运行时间等多个指标,为城市交通系统防灾规划提供决策依据。最后,结合我国东南沿海某城市的工程实践,有针对性的进行了应用和验证。 相似文献
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基于MapObjects的组件式GIS停车信息系统的建立,为解决由乱停车带来的道路混乱问题提供了一种新的解决办法。结合GIS的特点,设计了路网数据的数据存储结构表,实现了实时查询停车场信息以及通过最优停车场查找的方法获得最优停车场及其相关信息的可视化。 相似文献
66.
Rail access to airports is becoming increasingly important for both train operators and the airports themselves. This paper reports analysis of inter-urban rail demand to and from Manchester and Stansted Airports and the sensitivity of this market segment to growth in air traffic and the cost and service quality of rail services. The estimated demand parameters vary in an expected manner between outward and inward air travellers as well as between airport users and general rail travellers. These parameters can be entered into the demand forecasting framework widely used in the rail industry in Great Britain to provide an appropriate means of forecasting for this otherwise neglected market segment. The novel features of this research, at least in the British context, are that it provides the first detailed analysis of aggregate rail flows to and from airports, it has disaggregated the traditional generalised time measure of rail service quality in order to estimate separate elasticities to journey time, service headway and interchange, and it has successfully explored departures from the conventional constant elasticity position. 相似文献
67.
This paper develops a conceptual framework for the generation of activity and travel patterns in the context of more general
structures and presents an integrated model system as a step toward development of an improved travel demand forecasting model
system. We propose a two-stage structure to model activity and travel behavior. The first stage, the stop generation and stop/auto
allocation models, consists of the choices for the number of household maintenance stops and the allocation of stops and autos
to household members. The second stage, the tour formation model, includes the choices for the number of tours and the assignment
of stops to tours for each individual, conditional on the choices in the first stage. Empirical results demonstrate that individual
and household socio-demographics are important factors affecting the first stage choices, the generation of maintenance stops
and the allocation of stops and autos among household members, and the second stage choices, the number of tours and the assignment
of stops to tours.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
68.
Transportation conformity is a US regulatory process that requires that transportation modeling be integrated with air quality modeling. Consequently, every change to either modeling process is undertaken with great scrutiny by the regional governments, who have to use the models for demonstrating conformity. This paper explores the "trip versus link debate," which stems from the fact that the standard travel demand models used by most metropolitan planning organizations are primarily link oriented, while the air quality models have been primarily trip oriented. Using the Sacramento region we examine the effects on mobile source emissions inventories when speed-VMT distributions are constructed using the trip and link-based philosophies. The results of our study indicate that trip-based VMT-speed distributions produce consistently lower emissions estimates than the link-based distributions. We use the results to assert that deciding between a trip-based or link-based conformity modeling process involves more than the technical difficulty of changesto the models or the potential political ramifications, it involves assessing which method will provide the most accurate estimates of regional motor vehicle emissions. We also examine ways to think about constructing mobile source emission inventories. 相似文献
69.
Vehicle electrification is a promising approach towards attaining green transportation. However, the absence of charging stations limits the penetration of electric vehicles. Current approaches for optimizing the locations of charging stations suffer from challenges associated with spatial–temporal dynamic travel demands and the lengthy period required for the charging process. The present article uses the electric taxi (ET) as an example to develop a spatial–temporal demand coverage approach for optimizing the placement of ET charging stations in the space–time context. To this end, public taxi demands with spatial and temporal attributes are extracted from massive taxi GPS data. The cyclical interactions between taxi demands, ETs, and charging stations are modeled with a spatial–temporal path tool. A location model is developed to maximize the level of ET service on the road network and the level of charging service at the stations under spatial and temporal constraints such as the ET range, the charging time, and the capacity of charging stations. The reduced carbon emission generated by used ETs with located charging stations is also evaluated. An experiment conducted in Shenzhen, China demonstrates that the proposed approach not only exhibits good performance in determining ET charging station locations by considering temporal attributes, but also achieves a high quality trade-off between the levels of ET service and charging service. The proposed approach and obtained results help the decision-making of urban ET charging station siting. 相似文献
70.
国内目前针对中小城市公交场站的研究不足,中小城市场站建设缺乏科学指导,场站用地难以得到保障.结合中小城市公交发展特点及场站模式,通过科学的分析计算,确定场站停车坪、建筑用地、场前区及绿化用地规模,探讨与之相符的中小城市公交场站用地指标,对于中小城市场站规划建设具有一定的现实意义. 相似文献