南山风景名胜区地质灾害危险性分区评价

南山风景名胜区是重庆市主城区地质灾害比较发育的区域。基于现场调查和观测,遴选出地形坡度、地层岩性组合、地质构造、堆积体厚度、地下水和工程活动等6个致灾影响因子,并采用专家系统法进行指标赋值,采用AHP法确定指标权重;建立了地质灾害危险性因子评价模型,据此基于GIS平台将南山风景名胜区地质灾害危险性分为轻危险区、中危险区、高危险区和极高危险区,所占面积比例分别为65.2%、18.1%、13.2%和3.5%,与实际情况基本相符。研究成果可为风景区国土资源综合开发与环境保护提供一定科学依据。     

整车模态分析中焊点模拟方法的研究

针对整车有限元模态分析中,采用刚性梁单元模拟焊点时刚度无法控制和严重依赖网格的弊端,提出采用弹塑性梁单元模拟焊点的方法.以某轻型客车为例,建立整车有限元模型,分别采用上述两种单元模拟焊点进行模态分析.与试验结果的对比表明,整车模态分析中采用弹塑性梁单元模拟焊点的方法更接近试验结果,即更为准确、有效.     

基于热点应力的FPSO焊接结构疲劳问题研究

用热点应力方法评定焊接结构的疲劳强度问题受到了人们的极大关注.热点应力法应用的关键在于给出合适的热点应力值.本文通过有限元数值计算的对比分析,指出热点应力可以通过距离热点0.5t和1.5t的参考点应力值进行线性外推而得到.文中选取FPSO某一局部结构,采用有限元数值计算,利用热点应力方法推导结构的疲劳寿命,并和全尺度疲劳试验结果进行对比,两者符合得较好.     

生态型景区的旅游交通模式研究

该文通过对生态型景区资源特征、旅游交通系统构成及特征、交通需求层次方面的梳理,分析生态旅游与交通的关系,以及旅游产业对交通的要求等,综合分析并制定旅游交通发展模式,进而有效地通过交通出行模式引导生态型景区与旅游产业的和谐发展。     

搅拌摩擦点焊技术及在汽车工业应用前景

搅拌摩擦点焊(FSSW)技术是在“线性”搅拌摩擦焊接(FSW)基础上开发的一种新的焊接技术。在焊接铝、镁等轻合金方面,FSSW与传统电阻点焊相比具有焊点强度高、质量好、工艺简单、焊接工具寿命长、节省能源及成本低等优势。对搅拌摩擦点焊的基本原理、工艺特点及在汽车工业中的应用现状及前景进行了阐述。     

山区高速公路建设项目的景观影响评价研究

以皖南山区的铜陵~汤口高速公路建设项目为例,从景观的美学质量、敏感度、阈值等方面对拟建公路项目沿线的自然景观和人文景观(即景观环境)进行现状评价,再根据山区高速公路项目的工程特点分析建设项目在其建设和营运过程中可能给景观环境带来有利的和不利的潜在的影响,并从设计、施工等方面提出山区高速公路景观保护、利用、开发及减缓不利影响的措施。     

双车道公路线形连续性及舒适性评价研究

针对公路线形连续是保证汽车安全行驶的基本要求,提出相邻路段运行车速相协调的路线设计理念,并提出双车道公路线形连续性评价标准,旨在为设计和改建双车道公路提供重要依据,提高线形设计质量,减少交通事故。经实例分析证实所提标准较为合理,并根据分析结果,讨论并提出了相应的改善措施。此外,从驾驶员的角度对线形的舒适性做出了评价,并提出双车道公路线形舒适性的评价标准,更加体现了"以人为本的交通理念"。     

Fatigue analysis for a multi-lap spot welded joint of high strength steel using quasi static tensile-shear test

The welding quality of spot weldment is an important factor that significantly affects the strength, stiffness, safety, and other performance characteristics of vehicles. Therefore, quality control and fatigue life evaluation of spot weldment are necessary processes. This paper presents a method for determining the fatigue life of multi-lap spot weldment of a high strength steel sheet. In this method, the fatigue life is estimated using the lethargy coefficient, which is the total defect coefficient according to rupture stress and time obtained by the quasi static tensile-shear test. The DC potential drop method was used to check initiation and propagation of cracks in addition to the test. Also, in this study, we modified the lethargy coefficient by using the welding current. Furthermore, we define a specific lapping constant, which is a characteristic constant of 2 or 3 lap weldments. The fatigue life obtained by the fatigue estimate equation, which contains a specific lapping constant was compared and verified with an experimental value. Finally we analyzed the relation of lap number, welding current and fatigue life. This method can save processing time and cost for predicting the life cycle of a structure.     

Relationship between quality and attributes of elliptical spot welds of high strength steel

More high strength steel(HSS) sheets are being applied in the automobile industry to improve safety and fuel efficiency.When HSS is spot welded, the strength of the welded-joint is usually determined by the attributes of the weld nugget.However, it is diffcult to obtain the circular nugget and to establish the relationship between the weld attributes and welding quality because of a large number of variables and experimental uncertainty.In the paper, the numerical analysis model of tensile-shear strength test for HSS spot welds was established.And the critical ellipticity of the elliptical spot weld was determined through finite element analysis.Quantitative relationship between elliptical weld attributes and weld strength was investigated statistically using the Latin hypercube and regression analysis method.The sheet thickness, nugget ellipticity, hardness radio and yield strength have the most influential attributes in affecting welding quality.The research results can be used as a guideline for HSS resistance spot welding design.     

基于形函数插值理论预测轴力作用下T型管节点热点应力的分布规律

海洋平台中管节点的疲劳寿命由焊缝周围热点应力的分布情况决定.该文采用有限元方法分析了承受轴向力作用下T节点焊缝周围的应力分布规律.通过对140个具有不同几何形状的T节点模型的有限元分析结果.提出了一种基于形函数插值理论的方法预测T节点焊缝周围的应力分布,并且通过比较插值法得到的结果和有限元结果进行比较,验证了这种方法的准确性.