India’s air traffic: towards an empirical framework for systems analysis

The paper explores patterns of flows within India’s Air Traffic System through the lens of carriers’ networks and route structures between 2006 and 2014. Through observations of frequency distributions and their distinct patterns an analytic framework is derived heuristically by means of classification and aggregation. The well-known skewed traffic distribution which spatially concentrates traffic around relatively few airports serves as the starting point for decomposing the air traffic system (ATS) into its constituent route types. Airline operations along distinct route classes allows for classifying individual carrier’s network features as an embedded part of the system. Discussion of their role includes a spatial component. Inferences about development paths – past, present, future – of the Indian commercial ATS can be made.     

Are AIS-based trade volume estimates reliable? The case of crude oil exports

Most global trade statistics in the public domain refer to official customs data, which are not generally available on a micro (individual cargo) level. With the increasing availability and completeness of ship positioning data from the global Automated Identification System (AIS), it is possible to derive more timely and detailed trade statistics for homogeneous commodity groups. The objective of this article is twofold: (1) to compare the accuracy of AIS-derived trade statistics to official customs data in the crude oil market and (2) to add a breakdown of trade by vessel size over time. We find that while AIS-derived data for seaborne crude exports show good alignment with official export numbers in aggregate, there are substantial temporal and geographical differences across countries and time due to the use of pipelines and transshipment in parts of the supply chain. We highlight the challenges in properly structuring and aggregating micro-level cargo data. Our findings are important for the proper derivation of shipping demand from trade data.     

Large eddy simulations for quasi-2D turbulence in shallow flows: A comparison between different subgrid scale models

In this study, the performance of the horizontal large eddy simulation module, developed at the University of Leuven (HLES-KULeuven module) is assessed. A comparison between different subgrid scale models has been carried out. The study is concerned with the non-rotating and unstratified flows. The results of the simulation for an oscillatory backward facing (BFS) flow are presented in case of an expanding flume based on a one-length scale approach and a two-length scale approach. Three subgrid scale (SGS) models have been tested: Smagorinsky SGS model (Smagorinsky, J., (1963). General circulation experiments with the primitive equations, I. the basic experiments. Monthly Weather Review, 91(3), 99–164), Uittenbogaard SGS model (Uittenbogaard, R.E., and van Vossen, B., (2004). Subgrid-scale model for quasi-2D turbulence in shallow water. Shallow Flows. Jirka and Uijttewaal (Eds.), Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 90 5809 700 5) and a proposed two-length scale approach. The first two models are considered to be a one-length scale models. A simulation without a subgrid scale model for the horizontal mixing has also been conducted. In all simulations, a quadratic friction model parameterizes the dissipation produced by the 3D-subdepth scale turbulence. The two-length scale concept uses a newly mixing length formulation for the quasi-2D turbulence and doesn't depend on the filter width in contrast to the one-length scale approach, in which the mixing length is function of the filter width. The outputs of the HLES-KULeuven module have been compared with the experimental data taken from Stelling, G.S., and Wang, L.X., (1984). Experiments and computations on separating flow in an expanding flume. Dept. Civil Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Report 2–84.). The two-length scale approach has been validated with experimental data from SERC Flood Channel Facility at HR Wallingford. In general, there is a qualitative agreement with the experimental data. It has also been found that the two-length scale approach produces more elongated and less isotropic vortex than the one-length scale models.     

静止和变换背景下的移动目标检测

运动目标追踪与检测是模式识别的重要应用。本文介绍应用于静止和移动背景下的目标检测方法:帧间变化检测;光流方法;以及根据当前帧及其前面帧数的信息预测背景检测运动目标的方法。给出这几种方法的基本原理,对比以及应用。     

港口核心物流功能的研究

从港口功能的拓展、上海港口物流的发展,得出港口物流的发展对上海国际航运中心的建设的深远意义。     

Predicting freight flows in a globalising world

In this paper we suggest a methodology to predict commodity specific transportation flows that brings together data in value and in quantity terms in a consistent way. The approach is based on the modern gravity formulation. There are three driving forces of the transport flows dynamics: economic growth, the ongoing globalization (reduction of trade barriers), and the changing commodity composition of trade, whereby the evolution of value-to-weight ratios is explicitly taken into account. The methodology is applied to forecast the interregional trade flows in Europe.     

刚性桨叶工作位置对涡旋流堵漏效果的影响

为了克服船舶现有堵漏手段固有的不足,提出涡旋流堵漏的新技术思想.设计制作了相应的试验装置,研究刚性桨叶工作位置对涡旋流堵漏效果的影响.结果表明:当刚性桨叶与破口处于同一高度且距离破口越近时,对降低破口进水量的效果越明显,可用于堵漏的时间延长到300%以上.研究结论可为船舶涡旋流堵漏方法的完善提供理论基础和试验依据.     

基于道路流量和服务水平的停车需求预测分析

为使停车需求预测更准确,提出基于道路流量和服务水平停车需求预测模型。分析停车需求预测方法的现状,同时引入道路流量和服务水平这两个重要的影响因素,在多元回归模型的基础上,引入停车泊位增加系数,建立改进的停车预测模型。通过大量的调查数据对该模型进行检验,验证模型的准确性,该方法对解决城市中心区的动态交通拥堵具有一定的指导意义。     

长距离输气管道的最优输量研究

对已建成的长距离输气管道,可通过增设压气站的方法来增加管道的输量,随着压气站数的增加,管道的输量增大,管道的经济效益增加,但当输量增大到一定值时,管道的经济效益要降低,因此,长距离输气管道存在着一个使管道的经济效益最大的最优输量。以内部收益率为评价指标,分别计算各个方案的内部收益率,作出内部收益率与管道输量的关系曲线,内部收益率最大的方案所对应的输量就是长距离输气管道的最优输量。最后以一条输气管道为例进行了实例计算。     

一种混合评价模型在综合客运枢纽客流组织服务水平评价中的应用

提出将模糊综合评判法与决策中的模糊层次分析法和熵技术结合,建立混合熵权模糊综合评价决策模型,用于城市综合客运枢纽的客流服务水平的评价。此模型兼顾主观偏好和客观实际,结果表明该模型具有合理性与有效性。