Adaptive neuron control using an integrated error approach with application to active suspensions

This paper proposes a new neuron control strategy for an active vehicle suspension system, with the emphasis on the study of multivariable and uncertain suspension characteristics. The novelty of this strategy is in the use of integrated error, which consists of multiple output errors in the regulated plant. By combining the integrated error approach with the traditional neuron control (TNC), integrated error neuron control (IENC) is presented. It provides a direct control to the multiple outputs of the control plant simultaneously. Taking a quarter-car model as an example, the proposed control strategy is applied and comparative simulations are carried out with various vehicle parameters and road input conditions. Simulation results prove the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed IENC method. In addition, the newly proposed neuron scheme provides a simple yet efficient new possibility for the control of a class of uncertain multivariable systems similar to an active vehicle suspension.     

不确定性视阈下的战略管理

由于存在各种不确定性,企业不可能寻找到一种最好的战略管理办法,因此企业应当寻求适度管理,以避免出现管理刚性,失去对不确定性的应变能力。企业应该确立这样的观念,即管理不确定性将成为企业家的主要职能;正确地认识不确定性、化解不确定性,乃至创造并利用不确定性,将是企业家必修的内功;驾驭不确定性将成为企业的核心竞争能力。本文首先归纳提炼出不确定性的五种类型,在此基础上给出了管理不确定性的认知理念,提出了在战略管理中需要特别重视的不断试错、应急和学习及激活右脑等问题,最后指证了突变式变革与创新的主张。     

Improvement of the second order approximation of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), as a fully Lagrangian particle method, has been successfully applied to astrophysical problems and extended to elastic dynamics and computational fluid dynamics.High order derivatives have to be approximated when elastic dynamics problems are modeled. However, the approximation errors in SPH could lead to computational failure in the case that the order of derivative is high.A novel method was proposed in order to improve the accuracy of SPH method, which shows the relationship between the selected functions and their SPH approximations. The entire involved system was represented by a finite number of particles that carry individual mass and occupy individual space, and the integral interpolation was approximated by a summation interpolation. In addition, error comparison was made between SPH method with and without the present improvement.     

Joint distortion model for progressive image transmission using error correcting arithmetic codes

A novel joint source channel distortion model was proposed, which can essentially estimate the average distortion in progressive image transmission. To improve the precision of the model, the redundancy generated by a forbidden symbol in the arithmetic codes is used to distinguish the quantization distortion and the channel distortion, all the coefficients from the first error one to the end of the sequence are set to be a value within the variance range of the coefficients instead of zero, then the error propagation coming from the entropy coding can be essentially estimated, which is disregarded in the most conventional joint source channel coding （JSCC） systems. The precision of the model in terms of average peak-signal-to-noise has been improved about 0.5 dB compared to classical works. An efficient unequal error protection system based on the model is developed, and can be used in the wireless communication systems.     

超低频接收信号降噪研究

在建立超低频接收信号模型的基础上,对超低频接收信号误码率性能进行了分析。将小波降噪算法应用于超低频噪声处理中,通过Monte Carlo计算机仿真试验,对基于小波降噪和传统数字滤波的方法对模拟的超低频接收信号进行噪声处理,并对降噪后的误码率性能进行分析,结果表明,应用小波降噪的方法对超低频接收信号进行非线性噪声处理,比传统数字滤波的方法能带来更高的信噪比增益。     

悬臂浇注施工斜拉桥的误差控制方法

在预应力混凝土(PC)斜拉桥悬臂施工中,为了减小索力及线形误差,分析了误差原因及其控制现状,提出了模型误差及悬浇效应误差的控制方法。结合三维实体等参元和板壳单元的优点,构造了适用于复杂桥梁结构空间分析的实体退化单元,建立了离散钢筋模型。根据挂篮牵索锚固点处的变形协调条件,推导出牵索索力随混凝土浇筑的增量计算公式,建立了悬浇过程中各工况下挂篮前端标高控制的计算公式。应用结果表明:在悬浇施工过程,牵索索力控制精度达到了3%,成桥索力控制精度达到5%,悬臂端标高误差控制在1 cm内,因此,提出的控制方法可实现PC斜拉桥悬浇过程各工况下索力及线形的准确预测。     

隧道洞口边坡变形的多阶段递进预测研究

为及时掌握隧道洞口边坡的变形规律,保证隧道进洞过程的安全,采用小波变换剔除变形序列中的误差信息,将原始序列分解为趋势项和误差项序列,并采用PSO-LSSVM模型和ARMA模型分别对趋势项和误差项进行预测,将两者叠加即得到边坡的综合变形预测值,再利用马尔科夫链建立预测误差的修正模型,进一步提高预测精度。对预测模型进行实例分析,结果表明： sym9小波函数、启发式阈值标准、硬阈值选取标准及10层小波分解的去噪效果较优,且通过综合预测,得到边坡变形预测结果的相对误差均值为1.03%,方差值为0.042 6,预测精度和稳定性较高,验证了预测模型的有效性。     

表层嵌贴CFRP-混凝土界面粘结性能简化分析

为深入研究表层嵌贴碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)加固混凝土结构的界面粘结性能,采用试验与理论分析相结合的方法,分析了混凝土强度、粘结长度和槽边距等因素对界面粘结性能的影响,提出了考虑残余摩擦力的三折线粘结滑移本构模型,并将其简化为无上升段的双折线模型,建立了其界面粘结应力微分方程,通过求解方程得出了解析解的一般形式,推导出界面粘结应力、界面滑移量的分布函数,进而得到了界面粘结承载力的计算公式.最后通过试验对双折线粘结滑移模型进行了验证,并与三折线粘结滑移模型进行了对比分析.研究结果表明:由简化的双折线粘结滑移模型得到的界面粘结行为曲线和基于三折线模型的差异不大,并与试验结果吻合较好;提出的简化分析方法能够较好地描述表层嵌贴CFRP与混凝土的粘结行为.     

基于影子显示位图技术的GIS图形部分的实现

在地理信息系统的开发过程中,对屏幕图形进行精确识别是一个较难解决的技术问题。在某些实际应用中,近似处理的误差已经超过了人们所能接受的程度。该文就地理信息系统中的图形识别技术给出了一种全新的方法——影子显示位图(Shadow Display Bitmap)技术。影子显示位图技术用于精确地识别显示在屏幕上的各种简单的和复杂的图形元素。该文详细地论述了影子显示位图技术的工作原理和实现方法。该文通过实验证明影子显示位图技术解决了识别图形元素时的误差问题,识别复杂图形元素的能力强,比常用图形识别技术容易实现。     

计算圆度误差的几种方法

介绍三种评定圆度误差的方法。根据其理论推导过程,简析它们的特点和各自适用范围。