基于多智能体的城市交通流控制原型系统

对中国目前的城市交通流控制系统存在的问题进行了分析。针对原系统结构中的不足提出了构建基于多智能体的智能城市交通流控制系统的思路，并研究了该系统的基本框架和实现途径及方法，同时探讨了该系统中各个交通智能体的结构以及它们的协调合作关系，为基于多智能体的智能城市交通流控制系统的最终实现提供了理论指导和方法依据。     

水下近场爆破安全控制

结合大连新港地区新建15#,16#泊位工程桥墩基槽炸礁的实际情况,介绍水下近场爆破安全控制管理问题。     

基于国际安全管理规则的安全管理观念和方法

分析ISM规则所创导的船舶安全管理观念的基本出发点和安全管理方法中的主要依据和具体方法,认为提高对ISM规则的理解和认识,可促进船舶安全和防污染工作的有效开展。     

工字钢组合梁架空设备稳定性检算及应用

主要介绍了在营业线架空线路施工中常用的工字梁安全稳定性的检算依据、方法,并用实例进行了计算,对其应用条件、特点及改进措施作了阐述。     

中小城市自行车交通探讨

该文通过对洛阳市交通现状进行分析,提出了自行车交通存在的问题,并指出自行车交通不管是现在还是在将来相当长时期内仍将在我国中小城市交通构造中占据重要位置,如何认识和解决自行车交通问题对未来交通的发展有重要意义。     

铁路行车调度指挥仿真系统

铁路调度指挥仿真系统是一个分布式协同工作的递阶分散自律控制系统,由决策层、管理层、执行层和设备层组成,采用部分实物仿真的方式设计模拟系统的软硬件环境。仿真系统设计的关键技术包括:进路表的自动生成算法、控制命令自动生成算法、列车车次自动追踪运行算法、列车群自动追踪运行算法、计划自动调整算法、干扰源仿真模拟和仿真时空一致性控制等。通过选取铁路实际运营的计算机联锁系统和电气集中联锁系统、车站、自动闭塞区间和计轴半自动闭塞区间线路,构建近1∶1的仿真试验环境。按照铁路行车调度指挥实际需求、相关技术标准以及现场实际投入使用的行车调度指挥系统,对仿真系统进行了功能、性能测试。对实际应用中出现的故障进行了模拟分析。结果表明:仿真系统对于实际应用系统的研发、开通运营、日后的维护和系统升级具有不可替代的作用,它能够极大地缩短开通前的调试时间,方便故障分析和各种条件下调度指挥方式的模拟,特别适合特定条件下应急预案的演练。     

Logistical restructuring and road freight traffic growth

The forecasting of road freight traffic has relied heavily on the close correlation between GDP and road tonne-kilometers. It has not been rooted in an understanding of the causes of freight traffic growth. The research reported in this paper has investigated this process of traffic growth in two ways: first, by analysing official data on the production, consumption and movement of food and drink products, and second, by conducting a survey of the changing freight transport requirements of 88 large British-based manufacturers.The analysis of secondary data shows how, in the food and drink sector, the relationship between the real value of output and road vehicle-kms hinges on four key parameters: value density, handling factor, average length of haul and consignment size. An attempt is made to explain variations in these parameters.The survey of manufacturers suggests that the growth of lorry traffic is the net result of a complex interaction between factors operating at four levels of logistical management: strategic planning of logistical systems, choice of suppliers and distributors, scheduling of product flow and the management of transport resources. Changes in the frequency and scheduling of freight deliveries in response to tightening customer service requirements and just-in-time management appear to have become a more prevalent cause of freight traffic growth than the physical restructuring of logistical systems. Manufacturers anticipate that their road freight demand will broadly increase in line with sales and be largely unaffected by road transport cost increases at the levels currently proposed. The paper concludes by examining their likely reactions to a much sharper increase in the cost of road freight movement.     

Induced traffic and economic appraisal

Economic appraisal of major roads in the UK is based on a set of standard procedures and conventions. A central assumption has been that the volume and pattern of traffic in any given year is independent of the quality of service offered by the network — the fixed trip matrix assumption. Failing to consider induced traffic can have serious consequences for the accuracy and robustness of the measured traffic benefits from road improvements. Assessment of the wider economic benefits of roads, which is an important political imperative for road investment, is also made more difficult. Two conclusions are reached. Variable trip matrix methods need to be introduced for the appraisal of major road schemes, and scheme appraisal needs to be complemented by a more strategic area-wide approach to evaluation. In responding to its advisory committee (SACTRA), the UK Department of Transport has accepted the first of these conclusions and is cautiously favourable to the second.     

珠江口水域航行安全现状分析与通航管理对策

随着海上运输的发展,大型船舶尤其是巨型油轮数量的增加,船舶航速的提高,珠江口水道越来越拥挤,使得加强船舶动态的监控管理、保障船舶航行安全、维护水域船舶通航秩序、预防和减少水上交通安全事故与水上环境污染等问题,越来越受到人们的关注。