轮对系统随机动态分叉研究

运用随机平均法对轮对系统的随机分叉行为进行研究,对比亚临界和超临界分叉2种典型轮对系统随机动态分叉的差异,分析动态分叉与Hopf分叉的区别,定义全局随机临界速度,提出新的失稳判定方法。结果表明,随机激扰对轮对系统的稳定性影响很大,在随机激扰的作用下,轮对系统的临界速度会随着随机激扰的强度增大而显著降低,当轮对仅受轨道随机激励时随机激扰对稳定性的影响不大,但遇到大风等强激扰环境时,随机激扰的影响将不可忽视。随机动态分叉点对应的速度可作为全局随机临界速度,且最大Lyapunov指数法可作为新的失稳判定方法。     

基于Hoek-Brown准则的隧道围岩改进单元安全度分析

为了建立基于应变软化Hoek-Brown强度准则的围岩安全性评价方法，首先推导了Hoek-Brown准则与Mohr-Coulomb准则之间的关系，求得等效内摩擦角和黏聚力。其次将屈服接近度和破坏接近度进行变换统一到单元安全度量体系，进而总结了由Hoek-Brown应变软化参数表征的改进单元安全度（Zone Safety Index，ZSI）公式，实现了对单元的弹性、屈服和破坏状态的表达，并基于FLAC3D中FISH语言进行二次开发，编译了ZSI计算程序。随后，通过FLAC3D软件建立三维隧道模型，对该方法进行验证，并研究了Hoek-Brown准则参数对ZSI的影响规律。最后针对甄峰岭隧道大变形段的锚杆加固效果进行研究，利用ZSI法对大变形段不同长度锚杆加固方案进行安全稳定性对比分析，确定了较为合理的加固支护措施。研究结果表明：①ZSI小于1的区域与MIDAS的有效塑性应变区域基本一致，验证了ZSI程序的正确性，且ZSI可对岩体的弹性、屈服、破坏区域进行量化评价。②ZSI随地质强度指标GSI增加而增大，采用三次多项式进行拟合精度较高；随着单轴抗压强度σ_ci增大，ZSI呈指数方程增加，具有较高的相关性，扰动越大，单元安全度越小，表征围岩稳定性越差，ZSI随扰动因数D呈双曲线递减趋势变化；③ZSI法能够作为隧道初期支护方案优化和安全性评价的参考指标，对相关隧道的优化结果显示，3 m长注浆锚杆，同时加强其他支护结构能有效控制事故区的大变形，且安全性较好。     

旧水泥路面MHB碎石化工艺应用决策标准研究

基于采用MHB对旧水泥混凝土路面实施碎石化破碎工艺在决策、设计、施工与质量控制等环节不够全面、深入,结合多个工程实践,提出了碎石化工艺应用决策标准,研究成果可为旧水泥路碎石化改造提供指导.     

适于水下爆炸的动态稳定性判别准则研究

通过对水下爆炸载荷的分析和已有动态稳定性判别准则的对比,提出适合于水下爆炸的动态稳定性判别准则:基丁药量的B-R准则、基于爆距的B-R准则和基于新型冲击因子的B-R准则.利用该准则计算了某型舰在水下爆炸中舱壁结构的动态稳定性.计算发现气泡脉动载荷在舱壁动稳性中是不可忽视的,且水下爆炸中结构的稳定性分为3个阶段.     

Possible remedies for intact stability hazards involving contemporary small inland passenger ferries in Bangladesh

On the basis of previous studies, a series of hazards involving the typical small inland passenger ferries operating in inland Bangladeshi waters have been identified. In particular, stormy weather conditions, overloading, and the risk of crowding to one side have been determined as the typical events that are likely to lead to capsizing in the intact condition. In this article, possible hazard mitigation measures are discussed, both from the regulatory and from the design point of view, for a small inland ferry that is very similar to one that actually capsized in the past. The addressed design options involve ballasting and hull modification by means of additional buoyancy above the waterline. From a regulatory point of view, it is proposed that the present weather criterion in force in Bangladesh be modified by increasing the wind speed to be accounted for and by considering the concurrent effects of wind, rolling, and the crowding of people to one side.     

Strength analysis of fillet welds under longitudinal and transverse shear conditions

In support of the development of improved fillet weld sizing criteria for lightweight shipboard structures, a comprehensive static strength test program using longitudinal and transverse shear specimens according to AWS B4.0 Standards has been conducted. This test program covers base material with strength ranging from 71 ksi (490 MPa) to 96 ksi (660 MPa) and weld size ranging from 1/8″ (3 mm) to 3/8″ (10 mm). This paper focuses on a traction stress based analysis of the test data as an effort to establish a unified shear strength definition for load-carrying fillet weld specimens regardless of shear loading conditions. The proposed shear strength definition proves to be effective in correlating the fillet weld strength test data of the longitudinal and transverse shear specimens. The results of this investigation demonstrate that existing shear strength definitions used by various weld sizing criteria such as those given by Class Societies have two major limitations: (1) it cannot be related to a critical stress state on experimentally observed failure plane in transverse shear specimens; (2) it underestimates shear stress at failure due to severe stress concentration at weld end in typical longitudinal shear specimens. These two limitations have been shown to be the major cause for having two significantly different shear strength values: one is transverse shear strength obtained from transverse shear specimens and the other is longitudinal shear strength obtained from longitudinal shear specimens.     

Sensitivity of the wheel–rail contact interactions and Dang Van Fatigue Index in the rail with respect to irregularities of the track geometry

This paper investigates the effects of the track geometry irregularities on the wheel–rail dynamic interactions and the rail fatigue initiation through the application of the Dang Van criterion, that supposes an elastic shakedown of the structure. The irregularities are modelled, using experimental data, as a stochastic field which is representative of the considered railway network. The tracks thus generated are introduced as the input of a railway dynamics software to characterise the stochastic contact patch and the parameters on which it depends: contact forces and wheelset–rail relative position. A variance-based global sensitivity analysis is performed on quantities of interest representative of the dynamic behaviour of the system, with respect to the stochastic geometry irregularities and for different curve radius classes and operating conditions. The estimation of the internal stresses and the fatigue index being more time-consuming than the dynamical simulations, the sensitivity analysis is performed through a metamodel, whose input parameters are the wheel–rail relative position and velocity. The coefficient of variation of the number of fatigue cycles, when the simulations are performed with random geometry irregularities, varies between 0.13 and 0.28. In a large radius curve, the most influent irregularity is the horizontal curvature, while, in a tight curve, the gauge becomes more important.     

受通信延迟影响的多UUV队形控制

研究带统一通信延迟的多UUV队形控制。根据奈奎斯特准则和代数图论,提出一种与通信拓扑和通信时延有关的队形控制算法。该算法具有分布式特点,对具有双向通信拓扑和统一通信延迟的多UUV系统,能够使所有UUV的速度和位置渐近地收敛至期望值,从而达到稳定的期望队形。数值仿真结果证实所提队形控制方法的有效性。     

基于FLEX3530嵌入式控制器的摩托车制动性能测试系统

FLEX3530嵌入式控制器的摩托车制动性能测试系统,主要测量摩托车制动试验时充分发出的减速度、车速、手握力和踏板力等,并采用改进的格拉布斯准则进行数据处理。试验表明,该测试系统具有良好的可靠性和稳定性,便于随车,试验测量精度高。     

基于混凝土三轴强度退化模型的非通航孔桥桥墩正常使用极限状态评估

为了对跨海大桥在海水冻融和侵蚀耦合作用下的开裂性能进行评估,通过建立混凝土冻融+侵蚀耦合损伤Ottosen强度准则,结合跨海大桥非通航孔桥的结构特点和北方近海环境,计算分析、评估了非通航孔桥混凝土承台底部几个关键点的抗裂性能.结果表明,在百年一遇波浪荷载作用下或在百年一遇冰荷载作用下,在服役130 a时非通航孔桥会在混...