船舶配电系统交流智能配电关键技术研究

本文首先论述了船舶交流配电系统的发展需求,然后重点研究了船舶配电系统交流智能配电的关键技术,包括限流判断控制策略、短路故障判断策略及冲击性负载引起限流后解除限流的判断策略,最后通过原理样机,验证了船舶配电系统交流智能配电关键技术解决途径的可行性。     

Estimates of vertical mixing during a Lagrangian experiment off the Galician coast

An adjoint 1-D model was used to determine vertical diffusivity coefficients from temperature profiles collected within a filament escaping from the Galician coast following an upwelling event. The optimisation scheme ended with relatively high diffusivity values within the thermocline (9×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹). Such high values are relevant for biogeochemical exchanges between surface and deep waters in stratified areas.The optimised values were several orders of magnitude higher than the bulk of diffusivity measurements recorded with a free-falling device; however, the optimisation solution was consistent with the arithmetic mean of the measurements in the thermocline (7.7×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹), giving more weight to the few largest values. Below the thermocline, the data assimilation method failed because of the three-dimensional nature of the advective field of the upwelling system. Ignoring this advective forcing in the model led to estimates that were two orders of magnitude too high.The results suggest that turbulent mixing is a random process where a few intense events determine the average mixing that drives the long-term evolution of the water column structure. This statistical property is very important when one wants to use instantaneous diffusivity measurements for modelling purposes.     

自主式水下潜器海洋环境监测系统技术概念

介绍了被誉为未来海洋卫星的自主式水下潜器ＡＵＶ（Ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｏｕｓ Ｕｎｄｅｒｗａｔｅｒ Ｖｅｈｉｃｌｅｓ）的国外发展新动态、自主式海洋采样网络ＡＯＳＮ（Ａｕｔｏｎｏｍｏｕｓ Ｏｃｅａｎ Ｓａｍｐｌｉｎｇ Ｎｅｔｗｏｒｋ）和海洋中的“卫星”技术概念和应用前景。     

Why is the southwest the most productive region of the East Sea/Sea of Japan?

The East Sea/Sea of Japan is a moderately productive sea that supports a wealth of living marine resources. Of the East Sea subregions, the southwest has the highest productivity. Various authors have proposed coastal upwelling, the Tsushima Current, the Changjiang Dilute Water, eddies, or discharge from the Nagdong River as potential sources of additional nutrients. In this paper, we propose, using satellite data from 1998 to 2006, that the biological productivity of the southwestern region is enhanced mainly by wind-driven upwelling along the Korean coast. Firstly, the climatology of seasonal patterns suggests that the enhanced chlorophyll a along the Korean coast is of local origin. Secondly, coastal upwelling is frequent in all seasons except winter. For example, along the coast of the Ulgi region, enhanced chlorophyll a due to coastal upwelling was observed for 25–92% of the time between Jun and Sep in the period 1998–2006. Thirdly, the advection of upwelled water through various pathways to the deeper basin was observed. Fourthly, there appeared to be a strong correlation between the interannual chlorophyll a variations of the coastal upwelling regions and the Ulleung Basin. The chlorophyll a patterns of both regions were closely related to the wind pattern in the upwelling regions, but not to that in the Ulleung Basin. Finally, changes in advection pathways also appeared to affect the productivity of the Ulleung Basin. Since 2004, there has been a shift in the pathways of upwelled water, and consequent increases in chlorophyll a in the Ulleung Basin were observed. This last observation requires further investigation.     

铁路保价运输理赔工作现状及对策

从理赔时效性、一线事故处理人员素质、贷主提赔率、保价赔付率方面，分析铁路保价运输理赔工作现状，针对赔偿处理工作中存在法律规章不一致、事故处理有关规定不够明确、保价费率灵活性不够、保价政策宣传不到位的问题，提出改善理赔工作的对策措施：明确理赔规定，便于现场操作；建立全路理赔网络，方便受理；提高保价费率灵活性，吸引货主足额投保；拓展保价代办业务，培养保价营销宣传队伍，以促进铁路保价运输业不断发展．．     

基于CDEGS的高速铁路非载流吊弦区段接触悬挂和电连接电气负荷计算

我国部分地区的高速铁路工程中采用了非载流吊弦,与载流吊弦相比,在接触悬挂、电连接等电气负荷方面存在差异。为解决非载流吊弦线路接触悬挂、电连接等设备电气负荷特性问题,利用CDEGS软件,建立仿真计算模型,并通过模拟试验对仿真模型进行验证。在此基础上,建立考虑接触网导线空间几何分布的计算模型,对非载流吊弦线路的接触悬挂、电连接等电气负荷进行计算研究,结果表明:取流点附近的电连接流过的电流最大,且最大电流不受电连接数量的影响,在中心锚结装置两侧设电连接可有效抑制电流流过中心锚结装置,并据此提出电连接设置方案。     

Observations of the Fawn Trough Current over the Kerguelen Plateau from instrumented elephant seals

Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depths, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the remainder ( 50 Sv, 1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s^− 1) must pass south of the islands, most probably through the Fawn and Princess Elizabeth Troughs. However, the paucity of finely resolved quasi-synoptic hydrographic data in this remote and infrequently sampled area has limited the progress in our knowledge of the regional circulation. Since 2004, a new approach using elephant seals from the Kerguelen Islands as autonomous oceanographic profilers has provided new information on the hydrography over the Kerguelen Plateau, covering the entire Antarctic Zone between the Polar Front and Antarctica, with a mean along-track resolution of about 25 km. These finely resolved bio-logged data revealed details of a strong northeastward current found across the Fawn Trough (sill depth: 2600 m; 56°S, 78°E). This so-called Fawn Trough Current transports cold Antarctic waters found mostly south of the Elan Bank, between the Ice Limit (58°S) and the Antarctic Divergence (64°S) in the eastern Enderby Basin, toward the Australian–Antarctic Basin. Our analysis also demonstrates that the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries cold Antarctic water along the eastern flank of the southern Kerguelen Plateau collides with Fawn Trough Current at the outlet of the Fawn Trough sill. In other words, the Fawn Trough constitutes a veritable bottleneck, channelling the quasi-totality of the Antarctic Circumpolar flow found south of the Polar Front. Thanks to the unprecedented fine resolution of seal-borne data, a branch of flow centered at the Winter Water isotherm of 1 °C is also revealed along the northern escarpment of the Elan Bank, and then along the southern edge of Heard Island. Further analysis of different supplementary data reveals a complex circulation pattern in the entire Enderby Basin, with several distinctive branches of flow being strongly controlled by prominent topographic features such as the Southwest Indian Ridge, Conrad Rise, Elan Bank, and Kerguelen Plateau. This newly emerged frontal structure refines considerably previous large-scale circulation schematics of the area.     

船用断路器短路分断能力的换算

断路器的额定短路分断能力是由制造厂提供的，该断路器在额定频率和规定的功率因素下的分断能力值。在船舶交流电力系统中，短路时的功率因数较低，一般COSφ为0．1-0．2，为此，在设计中选用断路器时，要进行其短路分断能力换算，本文介绍船用断路器短路电流分断能力的换算。     

长江口D12灯浮附近潮流的反射迴流和突变效应

重载进出口船航行至长江口深水航道东端D12灯浮附近时,常感到有明显的横向流压。尤其是大潮汛、大风浪或鸡骨礁初涨水时,进出口船要预配10。甚至以上的风流压差,而且要加车航行,否则极易偏离航道压碰D12灯浮。此文分析长江口D12灯浮附近形成潮流的反射迴流和突变效应的原因及规律,并指出船舶在此水域航行时的注意事项,以引起航经船舶的注意。     

并网逆变器的电流滞环简化控制方法

本文通过建立瞬态电流方程,分析滞环输出的周期变化规律,采用三角波形式的环宽变化规律替代正弦的环宽变化规律,在开关频率变化较小的前提下简化了相应的软件控制,并通过仿真验证了该方法的可行性。